State and municipal people’s governments, provincial committees, offices, departments and bureaus:

"Yunnan Province" 14 th Five-Year Plan "for the Innovation and Development of Biomedical Industry has been agreed by the provincial people’s government and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

General Office of Yunnan Provincial People’s Government

March 17, 2022

(This piece is publicly released)

In order to accelerate the innovation and development of the biomedical industry, this plan is formulated according to the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Yunnan Province and the Outline of Long-term Objectives for the Year 2035, combined with the reality of our province.

I. Development Status and Situation

(A) Development effectiveness

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the provincial party committee and the provincial government conscientiously implemented the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on his inspection of Yunnan, and on the basis of continuously building eight key industries and world-class "three cards", put forward the strategic deployment of focusing on cultivating five trillion-level pillar industries and eight billion-level advantageous industries and building a modern industrial system. Biomedical industry, as a strategic emerging industry with a focus of 100 billion yuan in our province, has steadily expanded its scale, significantly enhanced its innovation ability, increasingly optimized its policy environment, and continuously improved its economic benefits. Its operating income increased from 124.109 billion yuan in 2015 to 252.145 billion yuan in 2020, with an average annual growth rate of 15.23%, and its added value increased from 36.587 billion yuan in 2015 to 73.14 billion yuan in 2020. The average annual growth rate reached 14.86%, the business income and added value doubled, and a research and production system of biotechnological drugs focusing on vaccines was gradually formed, and a whole industrial chain development system of natural drugs (ethnic Chinese medicines) featuring proprietary Chinese medicines, Chinese herbal pieces, extracts and health products was established.

In 2020, the province’s Chinese herbal medicine planting (breeding) industry will realize an operating income of 51.611 billion yuan; The biomedical manufacturing industry realized an operating income of 59.592 billion yuan; The biomedical commerce and trade industry realized an operating income of 140.942 billion yuan. There are 163 pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises above designated size (including 1 enterprise with operating income exceeding 10 billion yuan and 5 enterprises with 1-10 billion yuan). There are 48 varieties with sales income exceeding 100 million yuan (including 5 varieties exceeding 1 billion yuan and 4 varieties with 500-1 billion yuan). Up to now, there are 9 biomedical enterprises listed on the main board and growth enterprise market in the province.

1. The biotechnology pharmaceutical industry has made breakthrough development.

In 2020, the province’s biological products manufacturing industry above designated size represented by vaccines achieved an operating income of 5.357 billion yuan, accounting for 15.6% of the operating income of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry above designated size. There are 13 vaccine varieties on the market, and the operating income of vaccine enterprises has increased from 800 million yuan in 2009 to 4.8 billion yuan in 2020, and the biotechnology drug industry has made breakthrough progress. The inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine independently developed by the Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences was launched in December 2015, and the annual operating income of a single variety was nearly 2 billion yuan. The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine developed by watson biological was launched in July 2017, with an operating income of 688 million yuan in 2020; The first trivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in China and the second trivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in the world went on the market in April 2020, with an operating income of 1.658 billion yuan in the first year, and the market prospect is considerable. Some traditional pharmaceutical companies and scientific research units have accelerated the layout and development of biotechnological drugs. Suparutide injection, a long-acting hypoglycemic drug developed by Kunyao Group, has obtained clinical approval, and Sino Pharmaceutical has carried out research on new drugs of humanized CD22 antibody immunotoxin 1.1.

2 Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) industry scale

In recent years, the traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) industry in our province has become the main force to promote the development of biomedical industry from small to large and from weak to strong. 60 "Hometowns of Yunyao" and 103 "Pharmaceutical Parks" have become the new force to improve the quality and brand of Chinese herbal medicines. In 2020, the main business income of planting (breeding) and product processing of Chinese herbal medicines in the province will exceed 100 billion yuan, among which the processing and manufacturing of Chinese herbal medicines above designated size, such as proprietary Chinese medicines, Chinese herbal pieces, extracts and health products, will achieve an operating income of about 48 billion yuan, accounting for over 80% of the main business income of biomedical industries above designated size. The planting area of Chinese herbal medicines exceeds 9 million mu, the planting area of 15 varieties of Chinese herbal medicines, such as Panax notoginseng, Paris polyphylla, Dendrobium, Amomum villosum and Radix Aucklandiae, exceeds 100,000 mu, and the standardized planting base of Chinese herbal medicines covers an area of 1.46 million mu, including 22,000 mu of green certification base and 126,000 mu of organic certification base. Sanqi, Erigeron breviscapus industry has formed a whole industrial chain layout of planting, processing, R&D and production, which has played a very prominent role in demonstrating the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry in the province. Panax notoginseng industry has achieved standardization and standardized planting, and developed relatively complete back-end products such as decoction pieces, preparations and health products, which has become a big variety second only to ginseng. The planting area of the whole province is about 400,000 mu, and the agricultural output value is about 6 billion yuan. A number of Chinese patent medicines and injections such as Panax notoginseng decoction pieces, Xuesaitong soft capsules, Xuesaitong for injection (freeze-dried powder injection), Xuesaitong tablets, Xuesaitong capsules, Panax notoginseng saponins and Xuesaitong injection, etc.

3. The chemical medicine industry has developed steadily.

In 2020, the chemical preparation manufacturing industry and the chemical raw material medicine manufacturing industry above designated size will realize an operating income of 3.52 billion yuan, accounting for 10.2% of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry above designated size. Initially gathered a number of chemical pharmaceutical enterprises such as Jida Pharmaceutical, Baker Norton, Haobang Pharmaceutical, Sino Pharmaceutical, Longhai Pharmaceutical and Guiyan Pharmaceutical; Longjin Pharmaceutical, Haobang Pharmaceutical and Plant Pharmaceutical cooperated with Indian generic drug companies to actively introduce Indian generic drug varieties to Yunnan; Nine varieties, including amoxicillin capsules, chlorphenamine maleate tablets and ambroxol hydrochloride injection, passed the consistency evaluation of chemical generic drugs.

4. Remarkable achievements have been made in biomedical science and technology innovation.

Driven by scientific and technological innovation, the biomedical industry has gradually embarked on a high-quality development track. Sabin inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine, EV71 inactivated enterovirus vaccine, 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine and other fist products have been listed one after another, and some varieties are undergoing WHO pre-certification; Covid-19 inactivated pneumonia vaccine, F gene mumps live attenuated vaccine, nine-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, rotavirus inactivated vaccine and tetravalent meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine are in the clinical research stage, which has provided strong support for the rapid development of the vaccine industry during the Tenth Five-Year Plan. Ten innovative drugs, such as KPCXM18, a natural medicine for treating ischemic stroke, Duanjin Jiedu Capsule, a 6-class Chinese medicine, Suparutide injection, and a 1.1-class new drug of bungarus multicinctus venom, were approved by the national drug clinical approval. Winona series products, with authentic Yunnan medicinal materials as the main raw materials, have developed into an important functional skin care brand in China. "Key Technology Creation and Industrial Application of Comprehensive Development of Panax notoginseng" won the second prize of National Science and Technology Progress Award, "Key Technology and Application of Standardization and Industrial Development of Panax notoginseng" won the first prize of Yunnan Science and Technology Progress Award, and three standards of Panax notoginseng, seeds and seedlings and Gastrodia elata passed the international quality standard certification. Panax notoginseng saponins and breviscapine have passed GRAS (generally considered safe) certification recognized by FDA, and entered the catalogue of American botanical medicine raw materials;Tongshu capsule and Xuesaitong soft capsule were approved by FDA to carry out phase II clinical research.

Around the great demand of the development of biomedical industry, a number of R&D service platforms have been built, such as Yunnan Biovaccine Technology Innovation Center, Yunnan Drug Non-clinical Safety Evaluation Research Center, Yunnan Natural Drug Activity Screening and Evaluation Center, Yunnan Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Yunnan Flower Aromatic Health Products R&D Center, and Yunnan Chinese Medicine Seed Breeding R&D Center. By the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan, there were 47 provincial key laboratories in the biomedical field, 20 engineering technology research centers, 19 engineering research centers, 10 clinical medical research centers and 4 academicians of the two academies in the province, and 12 provincial science and technology leaders were trained, 54 provincial high-level talents were introduced, 4 high-level innovation and entrepreneurship teams were introduced, 553 provincial young and middle-aged academic and technological leaders and 553 provincial innovative talents were trained.

5. Bio-pharmaceutical industry has achieved initial results by attracting big and strong players.

Yunnan Baiyao Group introduced social capital to complete the mixed reform, and the development of the group entered the fast lane; China Resources Sanjiu acquired Kunming Shenghuo Pharmaceutical, and the company’s operating income increased significantly; Guizhou Bailing invested in Yunnan plant pharmaceutical industry, focusing on characteristic products, optimizing product structure, and implementing large-variety brand strategy. The scale of the enterprise has maintained rapid growth for many years. Well-known enterprises inside and outside the province, such as Sinopharm Group, Shanghai Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Group, Tasly Pharmaceutical, Kangenbei Pharmaceutical, Shenwei Pharmaceutical, New Green Pharmaceutical, Beijing Tongying, Fangsheng Pharmaceutical, Jilin Xingshen, Hong Kong Juzhang and Shenzhen Botton, have landed in Yunnan and actively participated in the healthy development of the biomedical industry.

(B) Advantages and shortcomings

1. Location advantage

Yunnan has outstanding geographical advantages. It is adjacent to Guizhou and Guangxi in the east, Sichuan in the north, Tibet in the northwest, and Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam in the west and south. It is an important channel connecting South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean region, and an important intersection of the "Belt and Road" construction and the national development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The biomedical industry has a huge potential market, which can be built on the basis of vaccines and traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine)

2. Resource advantages

Yunnan has obvious three-dimensional climate characteristics, many types, beautiful mountains and rivers, pleasant climate and outstanding biodiversity characteristics. It is known as the "plant kingdom", "animal kingdom", "microbial kingdom", "hometown of medicinal materials" and "treasure house of biological genes", and is the province with the richest biological resources, natural medicines and ethnic medicine resources in China. According to the statistics of the third national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources, there are 6,559 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine resources in the province, accounting for 51.4% of the total number of kinds in the country, more than 2,000 kinds of ethnic medicine resources and more than 10,000 folk prescriptions.

3. Advantages of industrial base

Notoginseng Radix, Rhizoma Paridis Yunnanensis, Erigeron breviscapus, Dendrobium candidum, Fructus Amomi, Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Poria Yunensis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Aucklandiae, Radix Gentianae Yunnanensis and other "Top Ten Yunyao" brand medicinal materials have excellent quality and are widely recognized in the industry. It has built a domestic raw material base for high-quality natural medicines and health products. The large varieties of Yi medicine represented by Yunnan Baiyao, the unique ethnic medicines such as Dai and Naxi, and the unique ethnic medical technologies such as Dai medicine, which are in the same strain as the traditional medical systems of neighboring countries, provide rich ethnic medical resources for the innovation, inheritance and development of traditional Chinese medicine and the opening up of markets for South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. Gu Fangzhou, known as the "father of polio vaccine in China", engaged in the research of live attenuated polio vaccine in Yunnan, established the method of isolation and finalization of polio virus, formulated the trial production and safety standards of live polio vaccine, and formulated the "Rules for the manufacture and verification of live polio vaccine", which guided the production and identification of billions of vaccines in China and laid a solid foundation for the rapid development of vaccine industry in our province.

4. Shortcomings of rapid industrial development

First, the industry is small in scale and weak in competitiveness. The overall scale of Yunnan’s biomedical industry is small. Among the top 500 main business incomes of the national pharmaceutical industry, there are only 10 in Yunnan. The overall competitiveness of the biomedical industry, which is dominated by traditional Chinese medicine, is weak, especially affected by the national medical reform policies such as the catalogue of auxiliary drugs of traditional Chinese medicine, the catalogue of medical insurance, and the consistency evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine injections. The scale of biomedical manufacturing industry has declined slightly for two consecutive years.

Second, the industrial structure is not excellent and the industrial chain is incomplete. The development of standardized planting (breeding) bases of Chinese herbal medicines lags behind, the phenomenon of small varieties of Chinese herbal medicines is prominent, the research foundation is uneven, and the competitiveness of products is generally weak; Vaccines are the main biotechnological drugs, but the pipelines of antibody drugs, biological similar drugs, cell products, blood products and other products are not rich, and the upstream and downstream supporting industries are basically blank; Small amount of chemicals, lack of original research drugs and high-end generic drugs; The development level of medical devices and veterinary drugs is low.

Third, the core competitiveness of enterprises is weak, and the degree of specialization of the park is low. There are few well-known enterprises and leading enterprises, leading enterprises are not aware of advanced layout and innovative R&D activities, and the industry is not leading enough; Insufficient investment in research and development, lack of influential and innovative varieties, and weak core competitiveness; The level of professional development of biomedical industrial park is not high, the supporting system is not perfect, and the public R&D and service capabilities are weak.

Fourth, innovation ability is not strong, and high-level talents are lacking. The research and development system of new drug creation is imperfect, the resources are scattered, and the technical level is not high, which does not match the needs of the industrial chain; Lack of forward-looking scientific research ability for common technologies, key technologies and cutting-edge technologies needed for rapid industrial development; There are few innovative products in other industries except vaccines; The linkage between enterprises and scientific research institutions is not close, and the contradiction between supply and demand in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is prominent; Lack of high-level R&D innovation centers and insufficient public R&D service platforms such as drug safety evaluation (GLP), drug clinical evaluation (GCP) and contract R&D institutions (CRO); There is a serious shortage of high-level innovative talents, management talents and teams.

Fifth, brand building is not enough, and market development ability is weak. Enterprises are weak in coping with industrial policies such as medical reform, drug review and approval, and drug production supervision, and weak in market cultivation and brand building of their own products; There is a lack of systematic publicity highlighting the advantages and characteristics, insufficient excavation of superior Chinese herbal medicine varieties, time-honored traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine culture, and weak brand building and market promotion of "Yunyao".

(3) Opportunities and challenges

1. Health needs are increasing.

With the increase of sub-health population and the acceleration of population aging, people’s demand for health products has increased rapidly; The demand for health consumption has changed from medical treatment to disease prevention, health care and health promotion; The national new medical reform plan puts the prevention and control of diseases in the first place, and pays more attention to "preventing diseases before they occur". Traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) will be promising.

2. Building a domestic and international dual cycle will bring new opportunities for industrial development.

The COVID-19 epidemic has had a great impact on the global industrial chain and supply chain. It is an inevitable requirement to maintain a stable and healthy economic development by adjusting the economic development path, opening up the international circulation, smoothing the domestic circulation, coordinating development and security, enhancing the autonomy, sustainability and resilience of economic development. Seize the development opportunities brought by the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP), make full use of Yunnan’s geographical advantages in connecting South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean region, and exchange the traditional medicine with neighboring countries, realize the smooth connection with the biomedical industry in South Asia and Southeast Asia, and accelerate the construction of a new international and domestic dual-cycle development pattern.

3. The epidemic situation in COVID-19 affected the development pattern of pharmaceutical industry.

After the outbreak of COVID-19, COVID-19’s vaccine research and development and production have become the focus of international competition in the field of biotechnology drugs, which puts forward new requirements for the corresponding research and development technology system, experimental evaluation, manufacturing capacity level and organizational management efficiency. With the development of modern biotechnology such as genetic engineering, cell engineering, tissue engineering, biosynthesis, bioinformatics and precision medicine, biotechnological drugs such as vaccines and antibody drugs have become the main direction of the transformation and upgrading of the biomedical industry. The competitive advantages of prescription and medicine represented by "three drugs and three parties" are prominent, and the modern innovative Chinese medicine with clear mechanism of action and definite clinical effect has obvious competitiveness. The demand for medical materials represented by ventilators, testing reagents, medical masks and protective clothing has surged, which has promoted the development of the medical device industry.

4. Competition in domestic pharmaceutical industry is becoming increasingly fierce.

All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) take biomedicine as a priority industry, and Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangdong and other provinces (municipalities) have been at the forefront of the country by virtue of their own geographical, policy, talent and technical advantages; Shandong, Sichuan, Hubei, Jiangxi and other provinces have also accelerated the pace of industrial development, and the competition between regions has become increasingly fierce. The reorganization of enterprises in the industry is frequent, and super-large enterprises are constantly emerging. The development trend of agglomeration is obvious, full of opportunities and challenges.

5. The medical reform policy forces the pharmaceutical industry to develop with high quality.

The research and development, production and sales of pharmaceutical products are highly dependent on policy factors, and the industrial development is deeply influenced by policy regulation. The continuous adjustment of various policies, such as drug supervision, the catalogue of traditional Chinese medicine auxiliary drugs and the new medical insurance catalogue, has prompted pharmaceutical enterprises to increase investment in research and development, take a higher quality development path, change from extensive development to refined development mode, and change products from imitation to original innovation. At the same time, information technology represented by mobile medical care, cloud computing, big data and Internet of Things has begun to penetrate into all aspects of the biomedical industry.

6. Competition for innovative drugs has intensified.

At present, the research and development of major innovative drugs are still led by well-known multinational companies, and the competition for technology, talents and funds in the biomedical industry is extremely fierce. Large pharmaceutical companies focus on developing innovative drugs for clinical value in the fields of biotechnology drugs and chemical drugs, while expanding new indications of existing products and expanding upstream and downstream business chains. Pharmaceutical companies with obvious competitive advantages in core products, diversified products and outstanding R&D capabilities will have stronger competitiveness and anti-risk ability. The global vaccine industry presents an oligopoly pattern, with the top 10 companies accounting for 95.7% of the total vaccine market share, and the four vaccine giants GSK (GlaxoSmithKline), Merck, Sanofi and Pfizer accounting for about 80% of the total market share. In the future, the global vaccine market has great growth potential and will grow rapidly with a compound annual growth rate of 10%. The rapid development of frontier technologies such as gene therapy and cell therapy is expected to form major innovative drugs and new supporting technologies. The patents of the top 10 original drugs in global sales, such as Hummel, Merlot and Avastin, are about to expire, and generic drugs and bio-similar drugs are expected to usher in new opportunities. From the national situation, the major achievements of new drug research and development are mainly concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and other places, and innovative enterprises led by new drug research and development, such as Hengrui Pharma and Wuxi PharmaTech, have a strong development momentum.

Second, the development ideas, principles and objectives

(A) development ideas

Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the previous plenary sessions of the 19th National Congress, thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader’s General Secretary on his visit to Yunnan, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the provincial party committee and government, grasp the new development stage, implement the new development concept, serve and integrate into the new development pattern, adhere to the problem-oriented, goal-oriented and result-oriented, take innovation as the core, quality as the foundation, and take enterprises as the main body. Market-oriented, focusing on the three key areas of biotechnological drugs, modern Chinese medicine and health products, we will focus on attracting investment accurately, strengthening the main body of enterprises, enhancing innovation ability, building industrial clusters, promoting industrial development with engineering measures, building domestic first-class R&D and production bases of biological vaccines and modern Chinese medicine, domestic top-quality raw materials bases of natural drugs and health products, and biomedical trade bases facing South Asia and Southeast Asia, forming an industrial cluster with important influence in the country, and realizing the high-quality development of Yunnan biomedical industry.

(2) Basic principles

1. Innovation-driven, quality-improved development

Around the industrial chain, deploy innovation chain, build a batch of high-level public service platforms and professional R&D platforms, break through a batch of technologies, reserve a batch of achievements, develop a batch of products and transform a batch of achievements, and promote the high-quality development of Yunnan biomedical industry.

2. Based on advantages and outstanding features

Based on the advantages of Yunnan’s location, ecology, environment, resources and nationality, we will highlight the characteristics of biological vaccines, authentic medicinal materials, ethnic medicine, classic and famous prescriptions, proven prescriptions and cell technology, strengthen product quality and standards, and accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading.

3. Government guidance and market dominance

Innovate institutional mechanisms, rationally allocate resources, break through policy bottlenecks, cultivate and expand market players, release enterprise vitality and market potential, and build a sound market system and policy system.

4. Open cooperation and push forward together.

Improve the soft and hard environment, expand the domestic and foreign markets, and support local enterprises to become bigger and stronger; Introduce well-known enterprises and scientific research achievements to expand the increment; Attracting scientific research institutes from outside the province to develop in Yunnan, jointly cultivating talents, focusing on R&D and innovation, and forming a strong synergy to promote industrial development.

(III) Overall objectives

By 2025, the operating income of the biomedical industry will achieve the goal of "ensuring four guarantees and competing for five", that is, it will reach 400 billion yuan and strive to reach 500 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 10%. Among them, the biomedical manufacturing industry will achieve an operating income of more than 150 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 20%. The added value of biomedical industry reached 120 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 10%. Strive for the biological vaccine industry to achieve the number and value of batch issuance. Facing 2035, we will focus on key markets, increase promotion, actively tap the domestic market, vigorously explore the South Asia and Southeast Asia markets, further enhance the influence and market share of the brand "Yunyao", and build Yunnan into a biomedical R&D innovation and product production and trade center with distinctive characteristics of serving the whole country and radiating South Asia and Southeast Asia, and build an industrial cluster with important influence in the country.

-do it on a large scale. By 2025, we will cultivate more than one enterprise (group) with operating income exceeding 50 billion yuan, more than five enterprises (groups) exceeding 10 billion yuan, more than five enterprises (groups) exceeding 5 billion yuan, more than 20 enterprises (groups) exceeding 1 billion yuan and more than 70 enterprises exceeding 100 million yuan.

-strengthen varieties. By 2025, more than 10 varieties with sales income exceeding 1 billion yuan and more than 60 varieties with sales income exceeding 100 million yuan will be cultivated.

-do an excellent structure. By 2025, the leading development of biotechnological drugs will be realized, modern Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) will be upgraded and developed, dual-use products for medicine and food will develop by leaps and bounds, and chemical drugs and medical devices will make breakthroughs.

-fill in the short board. We will build and upgrade a number of public R&D and service platforms around biotechnology drugs, modern Chinese medicine and chemical drugs, break through a number of key core technologies, and develop a number of competitive and innovative products.

Third, key tasks

Around the biomedical industry chain, deploy innovation chain, promote the organic integration of industry chain and policy chain, innovation chain, capital chain, supply chain, talent chain and value chain, focus on key core technologies, fill the shortcomings of the platform and increase high-quality varieties. Strengthen leading enterprises and enhance manufacturing capacity. Optimize the industrial layout, strengthen the construction of the park, and form industrial agglomeration. Enhance the brand of "Yunyao", revitalize the stock, introduce increments, expand the total amount, and realize the high-quality development of the biomedical industry.

(1) Strengthen varieties and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of biomedical manufacturing.

Give priority to the development of biological vaccines, modern Chinese medicines (ethnic medicines), Chinese herbal pieces and chemical medicines, vigorously develop biotechnological medicines such as antibody medicines, gene technology, cell therapy and blood products, as well as health products, detection and diagnosis reagents, medium and high-end medical devices, strengthen the research and innovation of biotechnological medicines, modern Chinese medicines, natural medicines, generic medicines, new preparations and health care products, and support the internationalization of vaccines, modern Chinese medicines and medical devices. Focusing on increasing investment in scientific and technological innovation, building a number of well-known enterprises and brand products, introducing large enterprises and groups, encouraging enterprises to acquire and merge, and promoting international development, we will promote digital and intelligent manufacturing and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of biomedical manufacturing.

1. Key development areas

(1) Biotechnology drugs focusing on vaccines

The biotechnology pharmaceutical industry focusing on vaccines is the fastest-growing field in the biomedical industry in our province, and efforts should be made to improve the upstream and downstream industrial chains, enhance the research and development capacity of new vaccines, accelerate the construction of a rapid response system for major infectious diseases, strengthen frontier basic research, and enrich product pipelines.

Focus on Kunming and Yuxi to build biotechnology pharmaceutical industrial bases focusing on vaccines, and vigorously develop new biological vaccines, antibody drugs, biological analogues, cell preparations, blood products such as albumin, coagulation factors and immunoglobulin, and other new products of proteins, peptides and nucleic acids. Enlarge and strengthen the existing biotechnology drug enterprises, encourage vaccine enterprises to build digital and intelligent production lines, and improve the production technology level. Guide enterprises in the province to build, acquire and merge R&D institutions at home and abroad, build a quality system, R&D system and production technology system that are in line with international standards, promote the international registration and WHO pre-certification of biological vaccine products, build a vaccine production and supply base that meets international quality standards and a leading domestic monoclonal antibody drug industry base, increase open cooperation with South Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa, Europe and the United States, and open up markets in South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean Rim.

Traditional vaccines: enterprises are encouraged to develop univalent vaccines, multivalent vaccines and multiplex vaccines with attenuated, detoxified and inactivated products based on pathogenic microorganisms and their metabolites, so as to promote the secondary development and upgrading of biological vaccines.

New vaccines: break through the key core technologies such as efficient genetic engineering construction technology of virus species and strains, screening research technology of pathogen antigen components, bacterial polysaccharide-protein binding technology, large-scale animal cell culture technology, new vaccine adjuvant technology, genetic engineering technology, genetic engineering recombination technology, non-human primate model evaluation, and carry out research and development and transformation of new vaccines such as nucleic acid vaccine, synthetic peptide vaccine, genetic engineering vaccine and recombination vaccines. Increase the forward-looking research and development of mRNA technology in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, AIDS, genetic diseases, rare diseases, tumors and other major diseases.

Antibody, protein and nucleic acid drugs: develop monoclonal antibody drugs, neutralizing antibodies, bispecific antibodies, antibody-coupled drugs (ADC), biological analogues, recombinant protein drugs, polypeptide drugs and nucleic acid drugs for diseases such as tumor, immune system, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and infections.

Animal vaccines: Encourage the research and development of veterinary vaccines such as Class A epidemic vaccines, multi-animal co-morbid vaccines, vaccines for cattle and sheep, vaccines for pigs, vaccines for poultry, and vaccines for pets.

Cell preparation: within the scope permitted by policies and regulations, encourage and standardize the research and development of cell therapy products including stem cells and immune cells; We will carry out research on a series of standards and technical systems such as preparation, quality inspection and safety evaluation of clinical-grade cell products and derivatives, improve their safety, effectiveness and quality controllability, and accelerate the research on clinical application norms of cell therapy.

Blood products: introduce and develop blood products, focusing on the development of coagulation factors, thrombin, human albumin, human fibrinogen, immunoglobulin and other products. Within the scope permitted by the policy, the layout of plasma raw materials will be increased by adding plasma collection stations.

Other biotechnologies: Accelerate the construction of a synthetic biotechnology innovation system, support the research on genome design and synthesis, and provide technical support for basic research on new biological treatment methods, vaccines, materials and disease control.

Make use of the advantages of genetic resources in our province to develop the biomedical industry of non-human primates and carry out research on the protection and rational utilization of human genetic resources; Carry out research on transplant organ cultivation technology and xenotransplantation technology.

(2) Modern Chinese medicine represented by formula granules.

Focus on the quality upgrade, secondary development, new indications mining, economic evaluation, clinical value-oriented research on safety and clinical efficacy evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine, and innovative drug development of traditional Chinese medicine, and make efforts in the research on local standards of characteristic Chinese herbal pieces, quality standards that meet the requirements of Pharmacopoeia, effectiveness and safety evaluation, production process improvement, and automation, intelligence and information construction of production and processing.

Focus on Kunming, Yuxi, Chuxiong, Dali, Wenshan, Baoshan, Pu ‘er, Honghe and other cities to develop modern Chinese medicine. On the basis of medicinal animal and plant resources such as Panax notoginseng, Erigeron breviscapus, Gastrodia elata, Paris polyphylla, Periplaneta americana, leech, etc., and taking the development of characteristic ethnic medicines such as Yi medicine and Dai medicine as a breakthrough, we will speed up the cultivation of large varieties of modern Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) preparations, create a number of brand products, and make Yunnan medicine industry bigger and stronger. Based on classic prescriptions, proven prescriptions and hospital preparations, we will develop innovative Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) and epidemic prevention preparations covering the whole life cycle of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation for the prevention and treatment of major diseases such as malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, emerging infectious diseases and AIDS. Guided by clinical value, we will carry out material basic research, safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine and clinical efficacy research, and explore the construction of a three-in-one evidence system of "Chinese medicine theory-human experience-clinical trial" for the research and development of new traditional Chinese medicine. Adopt modern biotechnology, advanced pharmaceutical technology and preparation technology to promote the application of biocatalysis and transformation, refining, extraction and separation in the research and development of modern Chinese medicine.

In Kunming, Chuxiong, Wenshan, Zhaotong, Pu ‘er, Baoshan, Lijiang and other major producing areas, the production base of Chinese herbal pieces will be laid out, with the focus on building Chuxiong into a national first-class industrial base of Chinese herbal formula granules. Form more than 10 brand enterprises producing Chinese herbal pieces and local standards for formula granules of more than 100 varieties. Strengthen cooperation with state-level research institutions and well-known domestic enterprises, carry out research on quality standards of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules and upgrade the processing and production technology, and establish a quality standard system, a safety evaluation system and a clinical trial research system for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces that meet the requirements of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia and international standards. Carry out the equivalent test and production technology research of formula granules, and establish the processing technology and quality evaluation method of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces combined with modern science and technology. Develop new modern technologies, equipment and facilities such as extraction, concentration, drying and granulation, apply blockchain traceability technology to improve online quality control, establish a traceability system for processing and production of Chinese herbal pieces, and build a number of intelligent production lines of Chinese herbal pieces with advanced technology and strict quality control.

We will build a research center for ethnic medicine focusing on Yi medicine, Dai medicine and Tibetan medicine, systematically excavate and sort out ethnic medicine documents of Yi, Dai, Tibetan, Naxi, Wa and Hani nationalities, and carry out clinical application of traditional ethnic medicine therapy and its ancillary products and theoretical research on ethnic medicine. Relying on ethnic medicine resources, develop external preparations. Strengthen the research and development and clinical application of preparations in ethnic medicine hospitals, and carry out research and development of new ethnic medicine with clear mechanism, high technology content and reliable curative effect.

Build a characteristic industrial cluster of Sanqi, and build Sanqi into the first brand of traditional Chinese medicine in China. We will build a Sanqi industrial innovation consortium with enterprises as the main body, and gather superior resources inside and outside the province to carry out key technology research and transformation and application of achievements. Develop innovative drugs for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; Focusing on the large varieties and exclusive varieties of traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) such as Sanqi series and Dengzhanhua series, we will increase the re-evaluation after listing and the secondary development of "new use of old drugs", and carry out research on the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine such as "Xuesaitong+aspirin"; Strengthen the biosynthesis and application of panax notoginseng saponins, scutellarin, Paris polyphylla saponins and other extracts; Carry out research on the processing technology and technology of traditional Chinese medicines such as Panax Notoginseng while fresh, and formulate standards for new-type decoction pieces such as formula granules and powder decoction pieces of characteristic varieties such as Panax Notoginseng and Gastrodia elata which meet the standards of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Pharmacopoeia; To study and formulate EU Pharmacopoeia standards for Sanqi formula granules, panax pseudo-ginseng and other products, so as to enhance the international popularity and influence of Sanqi.

Regional cooperation in the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) should be carried out for South Asia and Southeast Asia, international multi-center clinical trials and international registration of traditional Chinese medicine preparations with good clinical effect and clear mechanism of action should be carried out, and a modern standard production system and quality evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine should be constructed according to international standards.

(3) Health products based on natural extracts.

Continue to strengthen the research on the material basis of effective active ingredients of animals and plants, increase the development and application of extracts, strengthen the development of high-quality health products, and cultivate brand products with market competitiveness and scale effect.

Focus on Kunming, Yuxi, Chuxiong, Pu ‘er, Xishuangbanna, Lijiang, Wenshan and other cities to build health product research and development and production bases, and develop high value-added health products. Focus on health care products and daily chemical products such as Sanqi series, Dendrobium series and microalgae series, and build a number of brand products with sales income exceeding 1 billion yuan. Introduce well-known enterprises at home and abroad, cultivate some leading enterprises, and promote Yunnan’s health products to South Asia and Southeast Asia.

Construction of Yunnan laboratory for extracting characteristic plants. Focusing on plant extraction and scientific and technological innovation in the whole industrial chain of health products, we will systematically carry out basic research, product development and achievement transformation, and build a platform for functional evaluation and inspection of health foods and cosmetics. Using modern biotechnology, we will strengthen the research on the efficacy and application of animal and plant-derived ingredients, cultivate and expand a number of intensive processing backbone enterprises in the main raw material producing areas in view of the needs of food, medicine, health care products, daily chemical products, feed products and other related industries, and promote the extraction and processing of characteristic Chinese herbal medicines such as Panax notoginseng, Periplaneta americana and leech, as well as the raw materials of characteristic health products such as stevia rebaudiana, eucalyptus globulus, marigold, maca, rose, microalgae and aloe, and research and development. Improve the extraction and separation technology and quality level of panax notoginseng saponins, breviscapine, tea polyphenols, coenzyme Q10, paclitaxel, borneol and other extract products, as well as eucalyptus oil, citronella oil, rose oil, rosemary and other essence and fragrance products. Taking notoginseng, gastrodia elata, Dendrobium nobile, Polygonatum sibiricum, Amomum villosum and other medicinal and edible Chinese herbal medicines as raw materials, and special biological resources such as microalgae, Moringa oleifera, walnuts and flowers as raw materials, we have researched and developed various health products such as medicated diet, medicated wine, medicated tea and drinks, as well as a series of health foods, aromatic products and daily necessities with the functions of resisting oxidation, losing weight, enhancing immunity, relieving anxiety, relieving depression, assisting in improving memory and caring skin. Focus on developing and producing a batch of formula foods with strong pertinence and high patient acceptance, which are suitable for surgery, nephrology, oncology, pediatrics and geriatric rehabilitation.

Improve the development level of Panax notoginseng extract. In-depth study of extracts from different parts such as flowers, stems, leaves, roots, etc., and development of Sanqi series health food, special diet products, oral care, medical beauty skin care and other daily necessities in different dosage forms such as tablets, capsules and oral preparations, enriching product structure and expanding application fields; Improve the extraction technology and product quality level of panax notoginseng saponins, polysaccharides and panax notoginseng elements; Study and formulate international standards for the extraction of characteristic raw materials such as Panax notoginseng, and accelerate the internationalization of Panax notoginseng.

2. Rapid development areas

(1) Chemical drugs

Further improve the industrial chain, improve the research and development capabilities of original drugs and generic drugs, and improve the research and development level of high-end preparations.

Focus on Kunming, Chuxiong and other cities to build R&D and production bases for chemical drugs and chemical raw materials, and carry out R&D and industrialization of innovative drugs, improved new drugs, generic drugs and chemical raw materials.

Strengthen the joint development of "intermediates+APIs+chemicals". Improve the production technology of platinum anti-tumor raw materials and steroid hormone raw materials. Encourage enterprises to buy varieties with high clinical value at home and abroad and enterprises with great development potential to enter Yunnan for development. Develop chemical raw materials, auxiliary materials and packaging materials industries in areas with resources and environmental carrying capacity, and develop a number of chemical synthetic drugs with characteristics, potential and competitiveness. Strengthen exchanges and cooperation with Israel, India and other countries in the research and development of generic drugs, and explore the construction of an international cooperation base for the research and development of generic drugs.

Guide key enterprises and scientific research institutions to focus on the development of innovative drugs for major diseases such as malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, mental diseases, viral infections, etc., especially chemical innovative drugs and improved new drugs with new targets and new mechanisms of action. Carry out research and development of high-end preparations, develop new dosage forms with good clinical substitution for varieties and dosage forms that are clinically necessary and have great side effects, and promote the research and development of sustained and controlled release, targeted, transdermal, mucosal and carrier drug delivery systems. Develop Yunnan plant resources, discover and develop new natural chemical drugs. To carry out the imitation of drugs needed for the treatment of major infectious diseases and rare diseases, drugs needed for the disposal of public health emergencies, drugs used by children, and original drugs whose patents are about to expire. Carry out research and development and green production technology innovation in the fields of chemical raw materials and pharmaceutical intermediates; Carry out the construction of the process technology system for the biosynthesis of important pharmaceutical monomer compounds such as panax notoginseng saponins and breviscapine.

(2) Medical devices

Give full play to the advantages of China (Yunnan) Pilot Free Trade Zone (hereinafter referred to as FTZ) and Border Economic Cooperation Zone, speed up the construction of medical device production and trade system for South Asia and Southeast Asia, develop high-tech and high value-added products, and establish an effective linkage mechanism between medical institutions and medical device industry.

We will build medical device industrial parks in Central Yunnan New District, Qujing, Yuxi, Free Trade Zone and Border Economic Cooperation Zone, build medical device R&D and production, inspection and testing, and trade distribution bases for South Asia and Southeast Asia markets, and build the most complete medical device industrial park in Southwest China.

In view of the market demand in South Asia and Southeast Asia, we will introduce domestic and foreign leading or advantageous enterprises in high-end medical devices and biomaterials to build medical device production bases and supporting industrial chains, cultivate high-end medical device enterprises, and promote the development of upstream and downstream industries of medical devices. Support the construction of a production base that meets the quality management standards for medical device production, build a public R&D and production platform for medical devices, build a high-grade medical device life-cycle detection technology service platform based on units with good foundation, and attract enterprises, research institutions, talent teams and technological achievements to Yunnan to carry out the transformation and industrialization of achievements. We will build a number of leading enterprises in the production of in vitro diagnostic reagents, dentures and disposable infusion devices, and promote the development of industries such as medical devices, new biomaterials, high-end pharmaceutical packaging materials and high-quality pharmaceutical excipients.

Develop technologies and products such as gene detection, biological detection chip and in vitro immunodiagnosis, and develop in vitro diagnostic equipment and reagents such as major emerging infectious diseases and tumor diseases; Accelerate the research and development of new biomaterials, and carry out research and development of new biomaterials such as biomedical materials, tissue engineering materials, bio-based materials and medical and health materials; Carry out research and development and production of high-end consumables such as orthopedic instruments, and build a production base of high-end orthopedic consumables in southwest China; Carry out research and development of TCM diagnosis and treatment instruments and equipment, rehabilitation instruments and equipment, and sports therapy equipment with ethnic characteristics; Carry out the development and industrialization of "big data+artificial intelligence+medical care" instruments and equipment, and develop digital and multifunctional mobile monitoring equipment and wearable products, rehabilitation AIDS and optometry-related products.

(3) Veterinary drugs

Further guide enterprises and scientific research institutions, strengthen investment in veterinary drug research and development, enhance the research and development ability of veterinary drugs, and give full play to the advantages of resources to develop innovative products of veterinary drugs.

Strengthen the cooperation between animal medicine enterprises and scientific research institutions inside and outside the province, and develop or introduce a new generation of animal vaccines and innovative products for veterinary medicine. Improve the quality and production capacity of a number of veterinary drugs, such as bovine O-type and A-type foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine, pig O-type foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine, pig double O-type foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine, hog cholera live vaccine (subculture cell source), piglet paratyphoid, Newcastle disease and so on.

Focus on Kunming, Baoshan, Dali and other cities with veterinary drug industry base to actively develop veterinary drug industry. Increase the research and development of livestock and poultry disease prevention vaccines and pet vaccine products such as cattle, sheep, pigs and chickens; Develop a batch of veterinary traditional Chinese medicine preparations with traditional Chinese medicine as raw materials, which can replace antibiotics, carry out veterinary drug imitation research, develop feed drug additives, improve the self-sufficiency rate of veterinary drug production, and actively expand the market in South Asia and Southeast Asia.

(2) To improve quality and accelerate the construction of high-quality raw material bases for Chinese herbal medicines.

Highlight the construction of standardized planting (breeding) bases for Chinese medicinal materials, adhere to the principle of quality first, control the planting scale, innovate the planting mode, promote the original habitat planting, improve the quality of medicinal materials, and scientifically develop large varieties of raw materials such as Panax notoginseng, Erigeron breviscapus, Paris polyphylla, Gastrodia elata and Dendrobium. At the same time, give play to ecological advantages, actively introduce domestic and foreign high value-added medicinal varieties into Yunnan to build a high-quality raw material planting and processing base. Make good use of domestic and foreign resources and markets to build Yunnan into a national raw material base for high-quality natural medicines and health products.

1. Breeding excellent provenances and developing the fine variety industry of Chinese herbal medicines.

In order to promote the sustainable development of Chinese herbal medicine resources, the collection and evaluation of germplasm resources, screening of high-quality provenances, breeding of new varieties and breeding of improved varieties will be carried out around the backbone medicinal materials and rare and endangered Chinese herbal medicines, and the industry of improved varieties of Chinese herbal medicines will be developed. In view of the problems such as source degradation, we will strengthen the domestication and planting of Chinese herbal medicines and the breeding of improved varieties. Strengthen the investigation, collection, identification, preservation and artificial domestication and cultivation techniques of important rare and precious wild raw material germplasm resources such as Fritillaria cirrhosa, Euphorbia Humifusa, Rhizoma Curculiginis, Rhubarb and Dragon’s Blood, and protect the germplasm and genetic resources. In Wenshan, Zhaotong, Chuxiong, Dali, Lijiang, Pu ‘er, Baoshan and other authentic Chinese herbal medicine producing areas and suitable planting (breeding) areas, 50 breeding bases of authentic superior Chinese herbal medicines, 100 guaranteed nursery bases of Chinese herbal medicines and 100 standardized planting (breeding) bases will be upgraded, and a number of Chinese herbal medicine seed and seedling enterprises will be built, with emphasis on cultivating more than 10 high-quality seed and seedling management companies. Relying on the National Nature Reserve, conservation zone, a Chinese herbal medicine, will be built, and more than two protected areas for endangered and rare wild medicinal plants and animals will be planned, and more than 10 wild breeding bases for endangered and rare genuine medicinal materials from Yunnan will be built to provide support for the rapid development of raw materials industry for health products.

2. Strengthen the construction of high-quality raw material bases and build high-quality Chinese herbal medicine planting areas.

Build the "first workshop" of biomedical industry with the concept of green development. According to GAP standards, develop rural areas to revitalize the "one county, one industry" Chinese herbal medicine planting (breeding) industry. Innovate the planting (breeding) mode and vigorously develop "green planting", "ecological planting", "under forest planting" and "imitation of original habitat planting" of Chinese herbal medicines. Encourage domestic and foreign enterprises to build a "pharmaceutical park" in suitable areas of Yunnan, and accelerate the formation of a situation in which leading enterprises lead, bases are standardized and the province develops in an orderly manner. Cultivate a number of well-known enterprises and high-quality raw material varieties, and build a standard library of reference materials for Chinese herbal medicine varieties. Cooperate with neighboring countries to protect and organize traditional medicinal resources in South Asia and Southeast Asia, popularize planting techniques and carry out overseas planting. Strengthen the research and development and application of advanced equipment for planting Chinese herbal medicines, and improve the modernization level of planting (breeding) Chinese herbal medicines. Cultivate original bulk and regional comprehensive primary processing bases of Chinese herbal medicines, and lay out and build regional inspection and testing platforms.

Give full play to the advantages of Yunnan’s ecological environment, national culture and tourism industry, and promote the construction of a number of Chinese herbal medicine health industrial parks (manors) including standardized cultivation (breeding), food culture, health experience, leisure and health preservation, and popular science propaganda, with emphasis on building more than 10 well-known manors.

3. Accelerate the improvement and efficiency of "the hometown of Yunnan medicine" and build the brand of "Yunnan medicine"

Relying on the "Hometown of Yunyao", we will promote the construction of more than 60 standardized, large-scale and standardized planting (breeding) areas of high-quality Chinese herbal medicines, improve the standards of authentic Chinese herbal medicines, study and formulate a number of domestic and international standards for raw materials of health products, expand the scale of green planting and ecological planting of Chinese herbal medicines, standardize the whole process management of raw material planting (breeding), and build a quality monitoring network and traceability system covering the main producing areas of Chinese herbal medicines in the province. Build a green production technology promotion system, a production processing technology system, a quality evaluation system and a traceability system of the whole industry chain, and build a "Top Ten Yunyao" brand. We will carry out basic research on pharmacology, medicalization, efficacy and safety evaluation of Chinese herbal medicines, and develop a number of new food raw materials.

Build Sanqi into a national demonstration variety of Chinese herbal medicine intelligent agriculture. Improve the technology and level of green planting, undergrowth planting and original habitat planting of Panax notoginseng, and improve the supply capacity of high-quality and high-end products. Around the breeding, planting, processing, warehousing and other links of improved varieties of Panax notoginseng, we will build a comprehensive and domestic leading big data platform for intelligent agriculture of Panax notoginseng, and build a digital management and service system for seed and seedling quality evaluation, monitoring and early warning of pests and diseases, intelligent diagnosis, processing of origin, warehousing and logistics, quality inspection, product traceability and so on.

(three) to expand the market and accelerate the improvement of the business system of biomedical products.

Based in Yunnan, facing the whole country, South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean Rim, with the help of internet plus, big data, cloud computing and other modern technical means, we will give full play to the role of free trade zones and border economic cooperation zones, vigorously carry out internal and external cooperation, and build a business system for biomedical products with the focus on market system construction, enterprise management informationization and international business development.

1. Build a regional circulation system

Focusing on free trade zones and border ports, we will lay out and build a number of modern warehousing and logistics centers for biomedical products in all provinces, cities and key counties, cities, districts and border port cities such as Hekou and Ruili, build regional pharmaceutical wholesale and distribution centers, build cold chain logistics, and improve the supply guarantee system for pharmaceutical and health products in Yunnan. High-level construction of Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine trading center, enlarge and strengthen Wenshan Sanqi, Zhaotong Tianma and other regional characteristic Chinese herbal medicine markets, build a futures market for bulk medicinal materials and scarce medicinal materials, and cultivate a regional distributed trading market for fresh medicinal materials. Strengthen the supervision of Chinese herbal medicine market, standardize the access management of Chinese herbal medicine market, and establish a quality inspection, public warehousing and quality traceability system.

2. Promote the development of new logistics formats

Promote the "internet plus" business model, encourage drug circulation enterprises to use the Internet and Internet of Things technology, introduce third-party service organizations such as insurance and logistics, provide extended services such as online pharmacies and drug distribution, and build an information management system covering the whole province’s business circulation. Taking the Chamber of Commerce as the main body, we will jointly build the "Yunyao Information Network" and "Yunyao Database" to build the Yunnan pharmaceutical e-commerce trading platform. Develop the platform economy of "internet plus Traditional Chinese Medicine+Traditional Chinese Medicine+Health Service" and build a new format and new model economy of Chinese medicine industry.

3. Broaden the market channels of Yunyao.

Strengthen cooperation in commercial production, encourage commercial circulation enterprises inside and outside the province to sell Yunnan products, guide commercial circulation enterprises to build production and marketing alliances with raw material planting enterprises and pharmaceutical and health care products production enterprises, and provide market information and sales channels for production enterprises. Develop a number of specialized institutions that exchange and cooperate with domestic and foreign countries, and hold various seminars, exchanges and exhibitions. Encourage business circulation enterprises in the province to become bigger and stronger, and lead production enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, to expand domestic and foreign markets.

Fourth, the main measures

(1) Vigorously implement accurate investment promotion.

In-depth implementation of the "multiplication" plan of market players, focusing on biotechnology drugs, modern Chinese medicine, chemical pharmaceuticals, health products and other fields, aiming at the top 500 international companies, the top 100 biomedical companies and leading enterprises in the industry, and carrying out accurate investment promotion. Implement the drug marketing license holder system, and introduce innovative achievements holders such as biotechnology drugs, innovative Chinese medicines and chemical medicines to Yunnan to carry out achievements transformation and industrialization. Introduce and develop serum-free cell culture medium, affinity filler medium, ultrafiltration membrane, disposable reaction bag and other upstream and downstream supporting enterprises of biological products represented by vaccines to enter Yunnan for development. Introduce Chinese herbal pieces and health products processing enterprises represented by formula granules into Yunnan to build a raw material base, research and development production base and extend the industrial chain of Chinese herbal medicines. Implement the medical device holder system, give full play to the advantages of free trade zone and border economic cooperation zone, introduce medical device R&D and production enterprises to Yunnan, and build a medical device production and circulation base for South Asia and Southeast Asia. Introduce chemical raw material medicine enterprises into Yunnan for development in areas with resources and environmental carrying capacity. In combination with the introduction of science and technology into Yunnan, we will actively promote the "four landings" of talent teams, scientific and technological enterprises, scientific and technological achievements and innovation platforms, and strengthen the introduction of CRO (contract research and development institutions) and CMO (commissioned production institutions).

(2) Accelerate major projects.

Implement special projects for the development of biomedical industry, organize and implement a number of key projects to support and lead the development of biomedical industry. Relying on leading enterprises and R&D institutions with strong R&D capabilities, we will organize and plan a number of major projects combining "Industry-University-Research" for the development needs of key areas of biomedicine. With the goal of leading enterprises and key brand products becoming bigger and stronger, we will implement a number of quality improvement and efficiency improvement projects through digital and intelligent technological transformation and secondary development. With the goal of building industrial clusters, support key cities, key parks and key enterprises to plan and implement a number of key projects. Encourage the park to plan a number of preliminary projects and implement a number of key projects around infrastructure construction, key industrial bases construction and major scientific research platforms construction, and strengthen tracking management and service guarantee.

(C) focus on cultivating leading enterprises

Implement the cultivation plan of leading enterprises, and comprehensively improve the comprehensive competitiveness of pharmaceutical enterprises. In accordance with the principle of "one thing, one discussion, one enterprise, one policy", we will enlarge and strengthen leading enterprises, cultivate a number of large enterprise groups with international influence, develop and expand a number of key enterprises, support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and form enterprise clusters. In the fields of traditional Chinese medicine, biotechnology medicine, chemical medicine and health products, select a group of enterprises with good growth to focus on cultivation. Support enterprises to build raw material bases and production bases around the industrial chain, and improve the level of automation, intelligence and informatization of enterprises. Carry out the listing cultivation of biomedical enterprises, and continue to promote the listing progress of biomedical "golden seed" enterprises. Support enterprises to take capital, technology, brand as the link, through mergers and acquisitions, agreement transfer, joint restructuring, holding shares and other ways to carry out mergers and acquisitions, improve industrial concentration.

(4) Continuously improve the innovation capability.

Focusing on the fields of vaccines, antibody drugs, cell products, modern Chinese medicine, formula granules, chemical drugs, health products, extracts, etc., we will upgrade and build a number of industrial public service platforms and specialized research and development platforms, form a perfect biomedical research and development and technical service chain, and continuously improve the ability of biomedical innovation. Keep a close eye on the commanding heights of industry technology, increase investment in applied basic research, and reserve a number of advanced and applicable technologies and achievements; Adopt the innovative project organization mode of "unveiling the list", aim at the major needs of the industry, break through key technologies, formulate new standards, develop new products and upgrade new processes. With enterprises as the main body, we will build a number of R&D and service platforms such as key laboratories, technology innovation centers, engineering research centers, enterprise technology centers and industrial technology innovation platforms in conjunction with well-known expert teams and scientific research institutions at home and abroad. Promote the construction of the State Key Laboratory of Biomedicine for Non-human Primates, accelerate the construction of Yunnan Laboratory for Extraction of Characteristic Plants, build a new vaccine technology innovation system, and improve the research platforms such as natural drug screening, research on patent medicine, drug safety evaluation (GLP), drug pilot test, drug clinical evaluation platform (GCP) and bioequivalence test. Construction of provincial clinical medical research centers and a number of national clinical medical research sub-centers. Cultivate and introduce several CRO institutions. Promote and build a platform for big data and digital applications around the biomedical industry chain.

(5) Building professional parks with high quality.

With Kunming as the center and Yuxi, Chuxiong, Wenshan, Qujing, Baoshan, Honghe and other cities as the focus, a number of biomedical industry specialized parks covering the whole province will be built. Focus on promoting Kunming National Bio-industrial Base, Yunnan Central Traditional Chinese Medicine Natural Medicine Economic Circle, Yunnan Central Medical Device Industrial Park, Kunming and Yuxi Bio-vaccine R&D and production bases, International Medical Health City, Chuxiong Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Industrial Base, Wenshan High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Tengyao Industrial Park, Pu ‘er Biomedical Industrial Park, Honghe Biomedical Industrial Cluster, Qujing Malong Medical Device Emergency Industrial Park and other specialized parks and clusters. Based on the evaluation of the carrying capacity of resources and environment and the suitability of land and space development, chemical raw material medicine parks will be developed in Kunming, Chuxiong and other areas that meet the relevant policy requirements of chemical parks. Promote the gathering of projects, funds, talents and other elements in the park, strengthen the construction of public R&D and service platform, industrial incubation, infrastructure, industrial facilities and human resources conditions in the park, and form a regional specialized park integrating research and development, enterprise incubation, manufacturing and logistics distribution. Strengthen cooperation with biomedical industrial parks in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and other regions, attract large domestic and foreign pharmaceutical enterprises, scientific research institutions and teams, CRO institutions and CMO institutions to settle in the parks, promote industrial agglomeration development, vigorously promote the construction of Kunming Great Health Industry Demonstration Zone, and build Kunming and Yuxi into important bases and agglomeration areas for modern biomedical production and research, and Chuxiong, Wenshan and other cities into important bases for modern Chinese medicine industry.

(6) Accelerate the training and introduction of talent teams

Adhere to the problem orientation, deploy the talent chain around the industrial chain and innovation chain, promote all kinds of talent training and introduction programs to the biomedical industry, further strengthen the training and introduction of high-level talents, and introduce high-end management talents, leading scientific research talents, high-level technical talents and innovative teams through multiple channels. Innovate training methods, train all kinds of talents, expand the enrollment scale of biomedical related majors in colleges and universities, and establish specialized talent training bases relying on qualified colleges and universities. Encourage social capital to set up vocational colleges and training institutions, promote school-enterprise cooperation, jointly cultivate and improve the quality of employees, and focus on cultivating a number of scientific and technological research and development talents, enterprise management talents, marketing talents, licensed pharmacists, quality management, testing and consulting service talents. Encourage the park to set up special funds for talents to provide more powerful talent support for the high-quality development of biomedical industry.

(7) Focus on building the brand of Yunyao.

Focus on the superior products such as vaccine series, Sanqi series and Dengzhanhua series, and build the brand of "Yunyao". To build a biological vaccine brand, we should build a specialized vaccine industry park, build a vaccine research and development system, develop innovative vaccine products, and promote the international development of vaccines. Extend the industrial chain of large varieties of Chinese herbal medicines such as Panax notoginseng, Erigeron breviscapus, Paris polyphylla, Dendrobium, Gastrodia elata, cultivate a number of large varieties of Chinese herbal medicines, and create geographical indication protection varieties. Develop ethnic resources of traditional Chinese medicine, develop and expand a number of dual-purpose varieties of traditional Chinese medicine, and promote the formation of a number of brand products such as Chinese herbal pieces, extracts, health foods and functional cosmetics. Implement the promotion action of famous Yunnan medicine products, give play to the leading role of the propaganda department, and form a publicity system with the participation of the government, enterprises and social organizations. Encourage enterprises to carry out various forms of publicity and promotion activities to publicize the advantages, characteristics, achievements, enterprises, brands, products and people of Yunnan’s development of biomedical industry. Build a brand display platform through various trade fairs such as South Expo and Drug Fair.

V. Guarantee conditions

(A) to strengthen organizational leadership

Improve the bio-pharmaceutical industry promotion mechanism, compact work responsibilities, hold regular meetings, analyze industrial development, study industrial policies, deploy promotion work, coordinate and solve key problems in the development of key enterprises and major projects, and promote vertical linkage at the provincial, prefecture and county levels. Further improve the horizontal linkage mechanism of provincial departments, enhance the joint efforts of all departments to promote the development of biomedical industry, and jointly create a good environment to promote the high-quality development of biomedical industry in Yunnan. An expert advisory committee on biomedical industry composed of senior experts in relevant fields inside and outside the province was established to provide strategic advice on the frontier situation, industrial analysis, innovation ability, regional layout, key investment promotion and policy design of Yunnan biomedical industry.

(2) Increase policy support.

Focusing on the research and innovation of new products, achievements transformation, market development and innovative service system construction in the fields of biotechnology drugs, modern Chinese medicine, chemical drugs, medical devices and health products, we will coordinate financial funds, increase investment and refine specific measures to support the innovation and development of biomedical industry. To obtain the national major new drug creation science and technology projects, the national key research and development plan related key projects, according to the law and regulations to give supporting support. Support for key core technology research and key new product development, comprehensive use of open competition, publicity system, horse racing system, directional selection and other ways to organize major innovation projects. Study and formulate policies and measures to support the development of biomedical industry in the free trade zone, and help Yunnan biomedical industry to go out and introduce. Incorporate key projects and major projects involving industrial development into relevant national development plans and strive for national policy support. Actively strive for the inclusion of superior and characteristic drugs in the national basic medical insurance drug list and the national basic drug list. Encourage all localities to adopt the form of "government subsidies, enterprises making profits and people buying" to promote the project of biological vaccines benefiting the people. Deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform and promote the development of industrial agglomeration.

(3) Overall factor guarantee

Through scientific planning, revitalizing stocks, introducing increments and other ways, we will further expand the development space of biomedical industry, and encourage industrial parks to build standardized factories to meet the needs of biomedical R&D and production enterprises on the basis of meeting the requirements of land and space planning and environmental assessment at all levels. Overall balance of land use, electricity consumption, water consumption, sewage and other indicators, scientific planning and layout of biopharmaceutical and innovative drug production bases. Encourage the park in accordance with the principle of intensive land use, overall planning for the protection of the park urgently needed talent introduction, employment units or park employees accommodation construction land. Focus on advantageous fields and varieties, establish key enterprises and project libraries, give preferential policies to key projects, and streamline examination and approval procedures according to laws and regulations.

(D) Expand financing channels

Give full play to the role of provincial financial control group industrial investment fund, and guide key cities and parks to set up biomedical industry investment funds. Strengthen cooperation with various investment companies, banks and other financial institutions, and adopt various ways and mechanisms such as listing financing, equity investment, credit guarantee, risk compensation, bond financing and asset management to promote base construction, product development, achievement transformation and industrialization, enterprise cultivation, brand building and market expansion.

(5) Strengthening digital empowerment

Promote the digitalization of resources, digital industrialization and industrial digitalization in the biomedical field. Apply modern information technologies such as blockchain, big data and artificial intelligence to upgrade the construction of Yunnan biomedical industry big data center, and further improve the production, supply and marketing network of biomedical enterprises, Chinese herbal medicine bases and circulation enterprises covering the whole province. Promote the construction of Yunnan biological resources digital integration center to realize the sharing, trading and calculation of biological resources scientific data. Give play to the role of industrial big data platform, promote data sharing in R&D, production, approval, sales and use, and break down departmental data barriers.

(6) Pay attention to safety and security.

Strengthen the construction of biosafety risk prevention and control and governance system, strengthen the supervision and management of high-risk and medium-risk biotechnology research and development activities, and take effective countermeasures. Give full play to the role of Yunnan Science and Technology Ethics Committee, strengthen overall planning and guidance, strengthen scientific research ethics supervision, standardize all kinds of scientific research activities, strengthen safety training for managers and professional and technical personnel, and ensure the safe and healthy development of biotechnology. We will comprehensively promote the construction of drug safety regulations and standards system, highlight the improvement of supervision efficiency, enhance the ability of drug monitoring and evaluation, audit and inspection, inspection and testing, and intelligent supervision, and realize the mutual promotion of safety supervision and industrial development. Combine the construction of the vanguard of ecological civilization construction, implement the concept of green development, strengthen environmental protection during the development and application of biotechnology products, and ensure ecological security.

(7) Strengthen evaluation and supervision.

Establish a dynamic evaluation mechanism for the implementation of the plan, formulate a task list every year, and regularly supervise the implementation of the plan by the relevant departments of the state, city and province. We will build a supervision and service mechanism for the operation of key enterprises and the construction of major projects, strengthen the operation monitoring of key enterprises and the scheduling, tracking and service of key projects, and promote the early commencement, completion and commissioning of projects.

Attachment: 1. Atlas of Yunnan Biomedical Industry Chain

2. Regional distribution map of "hometown of Yunyao"

3 main indicators, main tasks and key work responsibilities.

Annex 1

Annex 2

Annex 3

() The business review of the Board of Directors in 2021 is as follows:

　　I. The industry in which the company is located during the reporting period.

　　The company shall comply with the disclosure requirements of "Software and Information Technology Service Industry" in the Guidelines for Self-regulation of Listed Companies of Shenzhen Stock Exchange No.3-Disclosure of Industry Information.

　　1. China will accelerate the development of digitalization and create new advantages of digital economy.

　　From a macro perspective, the Outline of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan and the Long-term Goals in 2035 proposes to meet the digital age, activate the potential of data elements, promote the construction of a network power, accelerate the construction of a digital economy, a digital society and a digital government, and drive the changes in production methods, lifestyles and governance methods with digital transformation as a whole. Promote digital industrialization and industrial digitalization, promote the deep integration of digital economy and real economy, and build a digital industrial cluster with international competitiveness. Under the wave of digital economy, as the main body of the digital economy era, the digital transformation of enterprises is the only way. At the specific enterprise level, enterprises should accelerate the breakthrough of 5G, big data analysis, artificial intelligence and other technologies around practical application scenarios, build a safe and controllable digital transformation technology system, and make changes in digital talent training and government policy support. Premier Li Keqiang gave clear instructions in the Report on the Work of the State Council Government in 2021 to "accelerate the development of digitalization, promote the digital industrialization and industrial digital transformation, and improve the level of digital government construction". The company will seize the opportunity and use its own advantages to help customers in various industries digitally transform.

　　2. Industrial Internet

　　Industrial Internet has become the competitive focus of a new round of global technology and industrial revolution. The State Council, the CPC Central Committee, attaches great importance to the integration and development of next-generation information technologies such as Internet, big data and artificial intelligence with the real economy. In January 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Action Plan for Innovation and Development of Industrial Internet (2021-2023), which laid out the key work contents of industrial Internet in the next three years, representing that China’s industrial Internet industry has entered a new stage at a new height and started a new journey. According to GE’s forecast, the industrial Internet will affect 46% (about 32.3 trillion US dollars) of the global economy, and by 2030, the industrial Internet will bring about 15.3 trillion US dollars of GDP growth in the world, and at least about 3 trillion US dollars of GDP growth in China. According to the concept of 1% industry value-added put forward by Academician Wu Hequan, the leader of the State Council Internet of Things Leading Group, it is estimated that the early industrial Internet market space can bring 1% value-added to this industry, which means opening trillion market space. 5G is the starting point of the transformation from consumer Internet to industrial Internet, and industrial Internet is the most anticipated application field of 5G. 5G drives the development of industrial Internet, which accelerates the deployment of 5G commercial scale, and the integration of 5G and industrial Internet has a significant multiplier effect. Miao Wei, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, once pointed out that 5G applications will be distributed in a "two-eighth law", and 80% will be used in the industrial Internet. The enthusiasm of China’s industry to promote the integration and innovation of 5G and industrial Internet is constantly improving, "5G+ industrial Internet"Intranet construction and transformation covers a wide range of industries, and its application scope continues to extend to the core links of manufacturing, and the superposition multiplication effect and huge application potential are constantly released.

　　3. Big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence

　　Focusing on the development of digital economy, the Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan and Long-term Goals in 2035 further defines the development of seven key industries, such as cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things and industrial Internet. In 2025, the added value of core industries of digital economy will account for 10% of GDP. The word "big data" appeared 14 times in the draft of the planning, while the word "data" appeared more than 60 times. The new generation of information technology driven by big data is changing from "cutting-edge technology" to "important application", and its value is becoming more and more obvious. The provision form of big data technology has evolved from "product-oriented" to "service-oriented" five years ago. Solutions that provide a variety of underlying technologies and provide convenient services in all aspects of development and operation are increasingly becoming the mainstream choice for the big data supply side. As the main resource carried on the information infrastructure, data is the "blood" of the new infrastructure. Network, Internet of Things and data center are important infrastructures for the development of big data, and the development and construction of supercomputing center, industrial Internet and vehicle networking are also inseparable from the analysis and processing of data. The white paper on cloud computing development of China Information and Communication Research Institute shows that the scale of China’s cloud computing market will be about 178.1 billion yuan in 2020, and it will maintain rapid growth in the next few years. By 2025, the market scale will exceed 700 billion yuan. In the digital transformation of industry, digital infrastructure is the production tool and data is the means of production. Taking cloud computing as the core and integrating artificial intelligence, big data and other technologies can realize the transformation and upgrading of enterprise information technology software and hardware.Innovate application development and deployment tools, accelerate data circulation, collection, processing and value mining, and effectively improve application productivity.

　　4, the innovation industry accelerated.

　　Innovation is information technology application innovation (), which is the foundation of data security and network security, and also an important part of new infrastructure. For a long time, China’s dependence on non-domestic IT products is high, and the discourse power of the underlying architecture standards and the upper ecological construction is weak, which leads to a relatively passive situation. Xinchuang is a long-term solution for independent innovation, development and upgrading of China’s IT industry. On January 12, 2022, the "14 th Five-Year Plan" for Digital Economy Development was released. Among them, independent technology, infrastructure, industrial digitalization and digital industrialization, data security and governance are the core contents. The "Planning" points out that it is necessary to aim at important technical fields such as industrial software, high-end chips and operating systems, give play to the advantages of the new national system and the ultra-large-scale market, and fill in the shortcomings of key technologies. According to the data of "China Xinchuang Ecology in 2021" published by Haibi Research Institute, the actual scale of China Xinchuang ecological market is 161.7 billion yuan in 2020, and it is predicted that it will maintain rapid growth in the next five years, with a compound annual growth rate of 37.4%, and it will reach 800 billion yuan in 2025. With the successful demonstration in the field of party and government, Xinchuang industry has accelerated to eight key industries such as finance, telecommunications, energy, electric power, medical care, education, transportation and public utilities. Dongfang Guoxin has always insisted on independent research and development and innovation. At present, it has formed an independent and controllable technology and products in the whole industry chain, and will actively participate in the national innovation industry in the future.

　　5. "East Counting and West Counting" has been upgraded to the national strategic level.

　　As the base of digital economy, computing power is highly valued by the country. As an important starting point for new infrastructure to affect China’s macroeconomic development, and a major project to realize the "digital network" system in the national integrated big data center collaborative innovation system, big data centers will create a new engine for the development of digital economy. It shows that the country attaches great importance to digital construction. The strategic positioning of "counting from the east to the west" can be used to benchmark national projects such as "South-to-North Water Transfer Project" and "West-to-East Power Transmission Project", and the annual investment volume will reach several hundred billion yuan. The data center has a long industrial chain, large investment scale and strong driving effect. Through the construction of computing hub and data center cluster, the upstream and downstream investment of the industry will be strongly promoted, and the pulling effect on related industries will reach 1: 8. According to the deputy director of the Innovation-Driven Development Center of the National Development and Reform Commission, "East Counting and West Counting" can drive social investment to exceed 400 billion yuan every year, which is significantly higher than the new infrastructure policy in 2019 and 2020.

　　

　　II. Main businesses of the Company during the reporting period

　　(I) Introduction of the company’s main business

　　The company’s main business is to provide customers with enterprise-level big data, cloud computing, industrial Internet and other platforms, products, services and overall industry solutions. In terms of technical products, based on cutting-edge technologies such as big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, 5G and machine learning, it provides related technical products including data collection, data storage and calculation, data analysis and mining, data application, data governance and control, cloud basic services and application development platforms; In terms of industry solutions, based on the company’s many years of business experience, we provide solutions and technical services to customers in communication, finance, industry, government and public safety industries, helping customers to form high-quality data assets, explore the deep-seated value of data, and improve the utilization rate of IT resources and service capabilities, so as to obtain higher production efficiency and operational benefits and help enterprises to digitally transform.

　　(1) product line of database and big data open source system

　　Dongfang Guoxin has developed big data technology products with completely independent intellectual property rights, which are safe and controllable, covering CirroData high-performance distributed database, enterprise-level big data platform BEH, B-SCOP service capability open platform, real-time computing decision engine product B-RCDE, real-time transaction data acquisition product B-RTDA, B-Spider data collector and other products. These products have been widely and successfully applied in many industries.

　　(2) Industrial Internet product line

　　Cloudiip, the industrial Internet platform of Dongfang Guoxin, is completely independently developed and built by Dongfang Guoxin. While providing in-depth services to industries such as ironmaking, heating, electric power, energy, rail transit, automobile and machinery manufacturing, it also optimizes equipment management, R&D design, operation management, production execution, product life cycle management and supply chain collaboration for industrial fields such as asset management and energy management, and important equipment such as air compressors and industrial boilers, forming a platform covering R&D, production, management and service fields.

　　(3) Public cloud product line

　　Oriental Guoxin Cloud BONCLOUD is a cloud service platform based on the company’s advanced cloud computing technology and rich software products for many years, combined with high-quality data center resources, and on the basis of in-depth understanding of the business needs of the government, operators, the Internet and traditional enterprises in different scenarios. The platform provides safe and stable cloud computing resources such as flexible computing, storage, network and CDN.

　　(4) Data science and artificial intelligence product line

　　Facing the market demand, Dongfang Guoxin integrates products and technologies such as BI construction, interactive exploration, SPSS, artificial intelligence and deep learning, and develops 2B and 2C products based on the cloud platform architecture.

　　1 Turing Turbo Engine: This is a one-stop artificial intelligence platform and a complete enterprise-level AI solution for data scientists, data engineers and business analysts. The product is rich in SPSS native high-quality algorithms, integrating data connection, data exploration, feature engineering, algorithm implementation, model development, model release and management, providing a collaborative project space for teams and individuals, greatly improving work efficiency and helping enterprises to quickly realize the integration of AI and business.

　　② Turing Topia of Turing Federation: Turing Federation (turingtopia.com) is a data science community platform built by Dongfang Guoxin, which integrates competitions, data sets and models, and brings together various resources, tools, data and data engineers. In addition to the competition community, the company’s products include Turing Training, Turing Crowdsourcing, Turing Lab and Turing Cloud.

　　(5) Data tools and data application product lines

　　① Data governance platform BDG: Help customers to establish enterprise-level data centers, carry out big data governance from top to bottom, integrate enterprise data by using the basic capabilities provided by the data governance platform, realize unified control and refined management of data, and ensure the quality of data assets. Support () application, promote enterprise big data analysis, tap the potential value of data, and provide strong support for enterprise strategic decision-making, business system, risk management and control, etc.

　　② Data Cloud: Data Cloud can help enterprises to get rid of the dilemma of high overhead and low output of traditional system architecture in big data environment. By building an integrated platform for data production and service, the data supply system is reconstructed, and business innovation is driven by data to achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

　　③ Marketing Cloud: The marketing cloud is positioned to build a one-stop intelligent marketing management cloud platform that integrates omni-channel resources and is digitally driven, and realize the closed-loop process of intelligent marketing from customer insight, activity planning, marketing strategy matching, activity execution and effect evaluation. Help enterprises recommend the right products to target users in the right channels and at the right time, realize the data-driven target marketing model, and make marketing efficient, intelligent, simple and accurate.

　　④ Excellent Cloud: Integrating multi-domain data and relying on big data applications to provide managers with accurate and real-time human resources allocation and management around the strategic transformation of enterprises and the promotion of human resources value; Provide comprehensive, timely and personalized services for employees; It provides decision-making basis and means for the work of "breeding and keeping".

　　⑤ Data visualization products: Data visualization products cover typical big data display scenarios such as reports, ad hoc queries, online analytical processing, self-service analysis page building, and analysis application sharing, which help enterprise users to improve their data acquisition ability, decision support ability, personalized self-help ability and sharing and collaboration ability under the big data environment.

　　(6) geographic information system and video management product line

　　① City Intelligent Operation Center (IOC): Based on the core technology and platform of Dongfang Guoxin Big Data, the product supports the unified convergence and access of heterogeneous data such as city video, geographic information, three-dimensional data, Internet of Things, structured and unstructured government affairs, and "aggregates, analyzes, controls, applies and displays" the accessed six types of city data through the big data support platform, so as to realize the mining of the value of city data and the more refined management and display of the city.

　　② Urban intelligent video big data platform: adopting video image recognition engine and other technical frameworks to realize access integration, management analysis, mining, judgment and application display of urban video data. It can be applied to video surveillance, portrait recognition, vehicle recognition, event analysis, operation inspection and other systems.

　　After more than 20 years of deep cultivation in the fields of communication, finance, industry, government and public safety, Dongfang Guoxin has accumulated a large number of complete industry solutions covering data, products, platform applications and services.

　　(1) Communication field: The industrial products provided by the company in the main business fields of enterprise operation management, marketing, business decision-making and customer service for operators are business analysis system, precision marketing system, retention system, channel collaboration system, customer perception system, bad information governance analysis system, business support center system, intelligent human intelligence audit system, intelligent anti-fraud and other solutions, which have been widely used in the headquarters of the three major operators and provincial branches.

　　(2) Financial field: At present, the company has formed mobile Internet financial platform, financial big data platform, financial real-time decision-making platform, financial data governance platform, financial cloud computing platform, financial BI application platform, financial Internet core system, financial intelligent marketing platform, financial intelligent risk control platform, Ares technology development platform and other products and solutions in the financial industry, and successfully served nearly 300 banks and financial institutions.

　　(3) Industrial field: The key products provided by the company for the industrial field include:

　　① Industrial Internet Platform (Cloud IIP): As a cross-industry and cross-domain comprehensive industrial Internet platform, Cloud IIP’s core technologies and products are completely independently developed, safe and controllable, providing industrial users with an integrated solution of design, simulation, production, management and service in the whole life cycle.

　　② Energy management platform: The energy management platform uses technologies such as Internet of Things, communication and big data analysis to collect data of meters such as water, electricity and gas at the production site, data of sensors and intelligent gateways, and data of automatic control systems, so as to build a unified energy management and control center, realize energy data collection, analysis and feedback guidance, and help enterprises to save energy, reduce emissions and reduce consumption.

　　③ Ironmaking intelligent interconnection platform: It aims to realize the functions of monitoring, physical examination, benchmarking and online learning, consultation and analysis of blast furnaces in ironmaking enterprises. ④ Equipment Asset Management Platform (EAM): Build an asset life cycle management system based on big data analysis, smooth the relationship between investment, construction, use and scrapping in the process of asset management, establish and improve the supervision and management mechanism of assets, and realize "the accounts are consistent with the facts, the accounts are consistent with the certificates, and the accounts are consistent with the tables".

　　(5) and air compressor management platform, safety production management platform, etc.

　　(4) Government and public security field: The corporate government field mainly provides smart city overall solutions for the whole city, and also provides professional field solutions for all commissions and bureaus.

　　① Smart public security big data platform: with the public security brain as the core, actual combat as the guidance, and intelligence injection as the service model, it realizes keen perception and accurate early warning of various potential risks. Create a multi-functional integrated, multi-police linkage, multi-means convergence of synthetic operational command platform, and provide strong technical support for public security organs to investigate and solve cases, combat and prevent crimes.

　　② Smart Tourism Big Data Platform: By building a tourism big data support platform, three business platforms and n application systems, the balanced development of "smart tourism public service, smart tourism industry supervision and smart tourism format operation" can be realized.

　　③ Smart Transportation Big Data Platform: It is the application of big data, cloud computing and other information technologies in the field of transportation, building an all-weather smart city transportation operation monitoring network and security system, strengthening the intelligent real-time monitoring and emergency command ability covering the whole area of urban roads without blind spots, and improving the emergency handling ability and rapid response ability of urban transportation safety accidents and emergencies.

　　④ Related applications in the field of smart cities: In the field of smart cities, Dongfang Guoxin took the lead in proposing the concept of Urban Intelligent Operation Center (IOC). Dongfang Guoxin Urban Intelligent Operation Center is an integrated and comprehensive product that comprehensively uses modern information technologies such as cloud computing, big data and Internet of Things under the framework of smart cities, and realizes the upgrading and transformation of urban governance system based on urban big data, which can realize digital, networked and intelligent control of urban operation status. Realize accurate management, governance, service and dispatch of cities, evaluate the effect of urban construction, urban management efficiency and urban governance in real time and scientifically, and provide efficient and convenient personalized information services for enterprises and the public while improving government efficiency.

　　⑤ And the government application products of internet plus government affairs and social security big data platform.

　　

　　Third, the core competitiveness analysis

　　The company is a technology-driven big data high-tech enterprise, with a total R&D expenditure of 560 million yuan this year. Through continuous R&D investment, the company’s software product competitiveness and technical service capabilities for multiple industries have been further enhanced. Through a series of core technology research and development, Dongfang Guoxin has become a rare high-tech enterprise in the industry to build a strong technological competitive advantage by independent research and development. During the reporting period, the company’s core technicians and core technologies have not changed significantly, and the scale of core technicians has expanded, mainly due to the introduction of high-end technical talents in the fields of big data technology, big data industry applications, cloud computing, industrial Internet, artificial intelligence and 5G, which further enhanced the company’s technology research and development strength and innovation ability.

　　1. A complete and self-controlled industry-leading new generation IT technology system.

　　Dongfang Guoxin has been focusing on big data business for 20 years. After 20 years of independent research and development, it has now formed five completely autonomous and controllable technical systems with data computing technology as the core. The company’s products have successfully replaced IOE products in many fields and have the strength to replace foreign software manufacturers.

　　(1) Big data technology system: In the field of big data systems and tools technology, the company has the ability to provide data platform construction and operation and maintenance services for customers with a large amount of data. The big data systems, databases, tools and application software stacks involved are all developed by the company; It has the technical accumulation of multi-modal data collection, storage, calculation and service, and can provide various computing engine services for different application scenarios to meet the computing needs of different types and different aging data; It has enterprise-level data quality, data assets and data security management capabilities, and can realize multi-center data operation management across domains and computer rooms.

　　In the field of big data application technology, it provides O2O () integrated, automated and intelligent big data application system construction services for business-oriented enterprises. It can quickly realize the communication of business and data between the middle station and the background system; Standardize online business process formulation through software definition; Help enterprises get through multi-channel product sales and service contacts through data-driven concepts and technologies; Have the ability to develop online systems such as e-commerce platform and mobile APP application; Have the ability of location service, docking with third-party payment, QR code, etc. Have the ability to operate large-scale information mobile APP applications for end users.

　　(2) Artificial intelligence technology system: for telecom operators, finance, insurance, industry, scientific research institutions and other corporate customers, it provides a one-stop collaborative multi-tenant cloud platform for algorithm engineer, data development engineers and business personnel of data science and artificial intelligence, aiming at the problems of high difficulty, high cost and low efficiency, as well as the problems that models cannot be traced back, data cannot be connected, capabilities cannot be called on demand, and computing power cannot be managed in a unified way, so as to open up communication and collaboration among different types of work. Realize the low threshold and high quality development of deep learning model through automatic learning technology combined with low code mode; Improve the training efficiency of large-scale deep learning model by using key technologies of high performance communication protocol; Through the deep learning model compilation and clipping technology, the automatic adaptation of cloud-side heterogeneous computing power is realized, and the automatic collaboration between cloud intelligence and edge intelligence is opened up. It has the ability of video, image, text and voice artificial intelligence algorithm analysis and application system development and construction, and can be integrated with enterprise-level big data application system and use artificial intelligence to empower applications.

　　(3) Cloud computing technology system: provide public cloud, private cloud and hybrid cloud platform construction and operation and maintenance services for government departments and industry customers with big data management needs, and solve the cloud problems of application systems and big data. The company has the ability to build industry public cloud, enterprise private cloud and hybrid cloud; Relying on the self-built cloud computing data center, the standardized public cloud service products of IaaS, PaaS and SaaS are provided in an all-round way, and the network resources are connected to the national Internet backbone direct connection point in one jump, so as to gather and dredge the regional and even national inter-network communication traffic, which can provide high-quality network services for public cloud customers. It supports Bare Metal Server (BMS), provides a dedicated GPU physical server on the cloud, and supports an ARM-structured CPU server, providing abundant computing performance for key application systems, high-performance computing, AI and big data services. Help enterprises realize the rapid migration of application cloud; It is the first in China to realize the cloud heterogeneous data storage computing capability; It is the first in China to realize the ability to build cloud applications based on multi-tenants.

　　Use cloud native technology to enhance the company’s existing big data, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet and 5G communication software, and realize SaaS transformation of data-driven tools and applications on Oriental Guoxin Cloud; Incorporate DevOps concept and process management mode, provide a unified application assembly platform for developers, operators and operators, and simplify and automate application release, delivery and operation and maintenance management. Use the cloud link platform to monitor and analyze the health status of the above-mentioned platform software and applications, analyze and predict problems in a link way and give effective solutions.

　　(4) Industrial Internet technology system: Based on the innovative model of "Big Data+Industry", it integrates cutting-edge technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data, mobile internet and artificial intelligence. The platform integrates the collection, access, calculation, storage, service, development and application of industrial data, closely focuses on the concept of creating value for customers, takes data as the basis, takes equipment control and process optimization as the core, and realizes mature solutions covering ironmaking, cement, electric power, energy, manufacturing and other industries, and also covers material formula optimization, production process management, equipment fault diagnosis, process optimization, product quality control and service.

　　(5)5G technology: Facing the strategic development needs of 5G+ industrial Internet, Dongfang Guoxin independently developed 5G small base stations, 5G core networks, 5G edge devices (intelligent gateways and robots) and MEC edge computing platforms. Provide industry customers with 5G private networks through 5G small base stations and 5G core networks, use 5G edge devices to collect sensor data and video data, and sink resources, calculations and applications to the edge of enterprises through MEC edge computing platform. Through the 5G network, 5G edge devices, MEC edge computing platform, combined with Guoxin’s industrial Internet platform Cloudiip, we can realize the collaborative integration of cloud edge networks and provide the overall solution of 5G+ industrial Internet based on the 5G industry private network.

　　2. Cross-industry mass data integration governance, processing and service capabilities

　　As an independent third-party data processing and processing professional company, Dongfang Guoxin Construction System processes 3 trillion pieces of data per day on average, helping customers to query 70 trillion pieces of data, and the maximum size of the big data platform nodes built exceeds 30,000, with real-time response time reaching millisecond level. Using the company’s self-developed data governance and service professional tool suite, as well as many years of modeling theory and experience of large-scale data warehouses, relying on the company’s CirroData cloud database system and big data technology system, we will build a "data cloud" platform product. Thus, a complete cross-industry and cross-domain big data comprehensive management capability, massive data processing capability and reliable processing efficiency have been formed, and PB-level data can also be handled with ease, realizing the realization path from big data technology to data value.

　　3. Empower the application ability of traditional industries with new technologies and new ideas.

　　(1) Closely integrate artificial intelligence with telecom operators, smart cities, finance and other business applications. Use machine learning algorithm to deeply analyze operational data, find business problems in time and adjust business strategies; The deep learning algorithm is used to strengthen the analysis of unstructured data by telecom operators, which greatly reduces the labor cost and improves the efficiency of telecom operators in IT, management, market, network and security. Combining artificial intelligence algorithms with urban scenes, urban life is safer and more convenient through video monitoring and identification technology.

　　(2) Deeply integrate the modeling ability of big data analysis and mining with various industries.

　　(3) Introduce the concept and technology of Low-code development into the field of industrial Internet.

　　(4) The problem of artificial intelligence scene fragmentation is solved by online and offline dual-platform mechanism. Dongfang Guoxin launched "Turing Federation" and "Turing Engine" in due course to realize artificial intelligence landing.

　　4. A variety of end-to-end solutions for big data in industries and fields.

　　The company continued to deepen on the basis of the communication big data platform, and launched a solution for the strategic planning of data center and AI center based on the two products of "Data Cloud" and "Turing Engine"; Digging deep into the value of data, and using artificial intelligence technology to empower customers’ business, a series of AI+ business solutions, such as AI+ business decision-making, precision marketing, customer service, and online transportation, have been formed to help operators continue to innovate and manage their traditional businesses, and improve the level of service refinement; In the financial and insurance fields, marketing cloud, customer insight, precision marketing, customer portrait and other systems have blossomed in an all-round way, successfully expanding a number of important customers, helping customers achieve digital transformation, achieving a double breakthrough in depth and breadth, and achieving a good reputation; In the field of civil aviation, using the company’s accumulated big data technology capabilities for many years, it successfully landed on the airport intelligent data platform and the civil aviation government information system to achieve breakthroughs in the civil aviation field; In the port field, dangerous goods management systems and port big data platforms have landed in many important ports in the country to help customers improve the level of big data and intelligence; In the field of smart cities, we continue to promote the implementation of IOC solutions, covering more than 20 key provinces, cities and regions across the country, and successfully built benchmark projects in North, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen; In the direction of digital government, it has obtained Huawei’s "Certified Service Solution Partner Preferred Level" (Preferred Level CSSP) and "Huawei Preferred Solution Partner" certification; A major breakthrough has been made in the field of public security, based on Dongfang Guoxin’s big data products and technical system.In terms of public security structured data processing and data application system, video big data and intelligent AI application system, operational command, public security management and "internet plus" policing, it has fully served the public security field "fighting, preventing, managing, controlling and serving", laying a solid foundation for Dongfang Guoxin to enter the public security field; Dongfang Guoxin Cloudiip Industrial Internet Platform has been selected as one of the top ten cross-industry and cross-domain industrial Internet platforms in China, and has built several regional industrial Internet platforms. In metallurgy, electric power, energy, ironmaking, automobile manufacturing, general equipment and other professional fields successfully landed.

　　5. Experience and ability accumulated in serving major customers in the industry all the year round.

　　Dongfang Guoxin has been deeply involved in the field of enterprise and government informatization for more than 20 years, and has a profound understanding and rich experience in the business forms, business needs and working modes of enterprises and government customers in various industries. The company takes the lead in realizing the strategic layout of big data+industry in the industry. Its business layout covers communication, finance, government, industry, agriculture, public safety and other fields, covering more than 50 countries and serving nearly 1,000 customers. The company serves more than 300 banks, and the share of mobile banking ranks first in China. In telecom, finance, government and other fields, customers have complex business, huge amount of data, numerous IT systems, and the trial and error cost of customer’s big data construction is very high, so the requirements for big data vendors are extremely strict. After more than 20 years of tempering of various large-scale information projects, Dongfang Guoxin has established a perfect three-level customer service system, which ensures the stable operation of customers’ projects in terms of personnel organization, project process control, technical support, standardization of codes and documents, and has set up a variety of service response methods, which can provide customers with remote technical support services, on-site technical support services, full-time technical teams, consulting services and other technical support services. Ensure efficient and high-quality delivery of customer projects. With the leading technology and solutions, the company has played an important role in the business development of customers, won the trust and recognition of customers, and established a long-term strategic cooperative relationship with customers.

　　6, the new intangible assets

　　By the end of the reporting period, the company (including subsidiaries) has obtained 990 software copyrights and 57 patents. During the reporting period, the company added 189 software copyrights and 12 patents.

　　7. By December 31st, 2021, the company had obtained the following important national and industrial qualifications:

　　(1) Oriental Guoxin

　　(2) Shanghai Yitong:

　　(3) yanhuang nova:

　　(4) Beike Yili:

　　(5) Xiamen Tupou:

　　(6) Block nodes:

　　(7) Dongyun Ruilian:

　　

　　Fourth, the main business analysis

　　1. Overview

　　During the reporting period, the company was determined to forge ahead, making steady progress in the traditional market and gaining good news in the new market under the environment of repeated epidemics, showing a strong development momentum. At present, the process of social digitalization is accelerating, and the company has further promoted the application of new technologies such as big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet and 5G in the industry, and firmly helped customers to digitally transform. In 2021, the company achieved a total operating income of 2.47 billion yuan, an increase of 18.25% over the same period of last year; Realized an operating profit of 288 million yuan, a decrease of 9.73% over the same period of last year; The total profit was 293 million yuan, a decrease of 12.24% compared with the same period of last year; The net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies was 302 million yuan, an increase of 0.04% over the same period of last year; The net operating cash flow was 117 million yuan, a decrease of 73.05% compared with the same period of last year.

　　(A) innovation-driven development, brand influence and core competitiveness to further enhance.

　　1. Communication field

　　In China Unicom, the company closely followed Unicom’s comprehensive digital transformation strategy, helping to build the data center, public center and Tiangong system of China Unicom. Following closely the development direction of China Unicom’s business, based on the data center capability, the company fully participated in the IT support construction of Unicom Group’s major reforms such as data access to the cloud, small-scale reform, total customer value marketing, smart customer service and O-domain data base, helping China Unicom consolidate its data center capability, giving full play to the application value of big data, and helping enterprises to reform and develop. Successfully built Unicom Group’s 31-province data uploading project, total customer value marketing platform and O-domain data base.

　　China Unicom’s micro-Wotong project, developed by Beijing Yanhuang Xinxing, a subsidiary, faces the 1.2 billion flow pool of WeChat system and absorbs 100 million powder. Precipitate customer assets for operation, run through the whole process of various businesses, and enhance customer perception. At the same time, we will integrate the capabilities of all platforms of Latong Unicom, connect online and offline consistent experiences, and enhance the OMO system of public channels. Yanhuang Xinxing, as a new manufacturer of the Institute of Soft Research, won the honorary title of "Best Partner in 2021".

　　In (), focusing on the planning and requirements of China Telecom’s digital platform and digital operation, facing the actual management, marketing and service needs of the front line of business, the company continued to help and promote the digital transformation of China Telecom with the strategy of "platform+operation+service". In terms of digital application, the digitalization of marketing services has made substantial progress in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui and other provinces, further empowering data production; The integrated digital grid has gradually landed in Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu, Shaanxi and other provinces, truly empowering the front line and empowering the digital management and operation of the whole enterprise; Other intelligent manpower, auditing, finance, risk control and other aspects based on M domain are also continuing to be intensively cultivated; Relevant technologies, scenarios and applications have begun to precipitate in O-domain-oriented data acquisition and analysis processing, empowerment management and marketing, and empowerment customer experience, laying the foundation for the next comprehensive empowerment. In terms of data operation, the terminal rights operation at the telecom group level was fully supported by Dongfang Guoxin, forming the company’s own data operation capability, and Liaoning Telecom also successfully signed the first cooperative operation order of the province.

　　In (), under the background of China Mobile’s digital transformation and domestic substitution, the company followed the strategic planning of China Mobile’s big data domain, accelerated the layout of the headquarters-level centralized big data platform and the project construction in related fields, and further stabilized the position of China Mobile as a core supplier in the field of big data construction. The company continues to build big data+and AI+ ecological projects, extending the data center capability to business applications, and accelerating the transformation process of traditional business applications. Relying on the base and capabilities of the data center, we have built professional warehouses for traditional business applications, especially in the fields of customer service, risk prevention and control, and internal audit. At the same time, combined with the empowerment of AI+ business scenario mode, we have achieved breakthrough results in related businesses and quickly formed scale advantages. With the acceleration of domestic substitution process, products such as BEH, stream development and processing engine, data collection and analysis platform and data development and governance platform developed by Dongfang Guoxin were successfully listed in China Mobile’s IT direct acquisition catalogue, while CirroData database, a self-developed core product, was listed in China Mobile’s information innovation product catalogue. The company will realize the dual-track development of customized service and product service in China mobile market, and continuously enhance the position of Dongfang Guoxin in China mobile market through the dual-track drive of business and product scale.

　　2. Financial field

　　During the reporting period, the company has formed core products and solutions such as financial big data system, big data application system, financial cloud computing system, financial artificial intelligence system, mobile internet system and internet financial system in the financial industry, and successfully served nearly 300 banks and other financial institutions. The company has successfully cooperated with many banks and financial institutions in distributed database, data lake, data middle platform, business middle platform, Internet middle platform, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, mobile internet, and innovation ecology, showing the company’s business expansion ability and overall strategic layout in the financial field.

　　At present, China’s domestic database market is very active. CirroData, a distributed cloud database independently developed by the company, has solidly promoted technology research and innovation, iteratively optimized product solutions, and actively built the industrial ecology of Xinchuang, and has made remarkable achievements in the financial industry, industry migration and application, and ecosystem construction. At present, it has cooperated with a number of policy banks, national joint-stock commercial banks, city commercial banks and other financial customers. During the reporting period, the number of new CirroData deployment nodes doubled. At the same time, the company is committed to the market expansion of the securities industry, and has achieved good cooperation with financial institutions such as enterprises under the China Securities Regulatory Commission and CSI in the field of distributed databases and big data.

　　In the field of financial big data, in addition to distributed databases, the company has also continuously cultivated core products and solutions such as big data platform, big data warehouse, data lake, lake warehouse integration and data center platform. In 2021, the company and domestic head city commercial banks have achieved innovative cooperation in the field of data lake and lake warehouse integration, setting an industry benchmark; In the field of big data applications, based on the core product marketing cloud and sales cloud, the company has successively built marketing business middle platforms for a number of head commercial banks, which serve as the "new engine" for financial institutions’ profit growth, enabling digital marketing and intelligent operation. At the same time, the company has successively launched marketing cloud and sold cloud products for credit card centers of two national joint-stock commercial banks, and vigorously developed the credit card market. It is expected that in 2022, it will be able to achieve strategic cooperation with more credit card centers of commercial banks; In the field of mobile internet, the company continued to maintain its market advantage, and the cumulative number of cases ranked first in the country. During the reporting period, it achieved in-depth cooperation with the largest trust company in China on customer apps and mobile development platforms, creating a benchmark project for the subsequent expansion of the trust market; In the field of Internet finance, the company has achieved strategic cooperation with a large city commercial bank, completed the reconstruction of its original online banking system and built the Internet middle platform capability, creating an application platform integrating intelligent operation and customer ecology, which not only brings new user experience to end users, but also is an important layout for bank customers on the road of digital transformation; In the fields of cloud computing and artificial intelligence, the company continues to be committed to combining core products with financial scenarios.In the financial leasing industry, the application case of "Oriental Guoxin Public Cloud" was launched for the first time, and the artificial intelligence product Turing Engine was also used in many financial institutions. I believe that in the future, we will provide the best services for more financial institutions in the fields of cloud computing and artificial intelligence.

　　During the reporting period, the sales revenue of Shanghai Yitong Information, a subsidiary, was about 468 million, a year-on-year increase of 22.2%. The net profit was about 57,393,000, a year-on-year increase of 3.0%. Yitong Information continues to maintain technological and business innovation, and based on the traditional mobile marketing and mobile exhibition industry, it builds a unified App portal for all employees of the Bank, helping the bank to carry out digital operation transformation, and landing business and applications with projects such as Bohai Bank’s "Pocket Bohai" and Beibu Gulf Bank’s "Digital Work Platform"; Further expand and deepen the development of enterprise online banking and its App application to Internet and enterprise eco-banking, and at the same time integrate traditional enterprise finance to provide enterprises with all-round financial services, scene services and ecological services, and successfully landed in Zhejiang Rural Credit Cooperative’s "enterprise interconnection" and other projects; Actively respond to the rural revitalization strategy put forward by the 19th National Congress, cooperate with banks to combine rural industrial finance, inclusive finance, rural government affairs and other practices, and help the development and construction of digital villages’ App. The applications cover rural governance, urban-rural integration, neighboring mutual assistance, agricultural product revitalization, credit construction, convenient living and other specific applications of inclusive finance; Promote and popularize the construction of small program ecological development platform based on Ares technology platform, provide small program development technology platform for banks under the premise of "standardization, standardization and componentization", and realize "one-end development and multi-end deployment" to WeChat applet, Alipay applet, Tik Tok applet and Ares applet platforms, so that banks can integrate more business innovations and services by providing an open ecosystem of small program matrix.Build and enrich the financial ecology; The existing businesses and products such as "CRM+" and marketing platform, which are widely praised and promoted by banks, are still remarkable business highlights of the company in the past year.

　　During the reporting period, the company continued to explore new business value in the insurance industry, and expanded the breadth and depth of insurance business: precipitated high-reuse solutions and products such as data center and CRM, and quickly implemented them in small and medium-sized life insurance and property insurance companies with high quality, and continued to promote the construction and application of three products, namely data center, business center and business front desk, to help the digital transformation of insurance enterprises. In 2021, the company advanced into the fields of insurance data center, CRM, core system, etc., and achieved key market breakthroughs. Won the Hengan Standard Life Data Center Project for the first time, and built a data center integrating data layered construction, data governance and data service, so as to export "fast, accurate, comprehensive and intelligent" data service capabilities for insurance companies; Then win the CRM system project of Everbright Life Insurance, build a CRM intelligent system with systematic labeling, standardized service and application platform, and realize insurance technology empowerment and data empowerment; Third, win the China Xinbao trade insurance core system project, build a new generation of trade insurance core business system, support the whole process operation of trade insurance business, and gradually implement the digitalization of core business processes.

　　China’s financial industry Xinchuang has entered the stage of high-quality and all-round development, and the market space is huge. As the fastest-growing innovation field in the industry, finance has entered a period of rapid growth, and the demand for the field has been continuously released and verified by the industry. As the pillar of the financial industry, the banking industry is also the "vanguard" of financial innovation. In the field of financial innovation, the company has been committed to the construction and improvement of the innovation ecosystem, and has invested heavily in the R&D resources of innovation in the fields of databases, application software and cloud services. With a mission, Dongfang Guoxin continues its independent research and development and deep cultivation in the industry, facing more users and exerting greater value.

　　3. Industrial field

　　(1)Cloudiip platform technology and support service capabilities continue to improve.

　　In the selection of the national cross-industry and cross-domain industrial Internet platform of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2021, the Cloudiip platform of Dongfang Guoxin continued to maintain its leading position, and Dongfang Guoxin has maintained the forefront of the national industrial Internet dual-span platform for many years. During the reporting period, the Cloudiip platform further strengthened the four capabilities of platform foundation, application, ecology and industrial integration, continuously upgraded the platform supply capacity, and quickly and iteratively integrated the latest technical tools to support flexible data analysis, model construction, micro-service and APP design, etc., and the intelligent development capability of Cloudiip was greatly improved.

　　(2) The release of "peak carbon dioxide emissions Carbon Neutralization" management platform.

　　One of the key problems solved by the company’s industrial system products is to reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency, which is highly consistent with the national double-carbon strategic goal. Especially in the process industries with high energy consumption such as electricity, coal and cement, Dongfang Guoxin has accumulated a large number of mechanism models, data models, expert models and monitoring platform products, providing effective help for enterprise production control and early warning. In 2021, Dongfang Guoxin’s energy consumption edge monitoring equipment will be applied in many provinces, cities and industries. On July 11th, 2021, the company and Chongyang Financial Research Institute of Renmin University of China jointly released the world’s first "peak carbon dioxide emissions Carbon Neutralization" intelligent monitoring and management platform. Based on the top-level design advantages of think tanks, the "Double Carbon" regulatory platform builds 12 specialized and refined regulatory indexes, including total carbon emissions, carbon sinks, peak carbon dioxide emissions achievement rate, carbon neutrality achievement rate and carbon intensity, so as to promote the modernization, transformation and upgrading of the "peak carbon dioxide emissions, carbon neutrality" governance system and governance capacity.

　　(3) New breakthroughs have been made in promoting industrial intelligence.

　　Dongfang Guoxin expert team combines professional theory and practical experience in the industry field with the company’s big data capabilities and industrial Internet platform to deeply expand the application in the industry field and help the digital transformation of enterprises. In 2021, Dongfang Guoxin achieved new breakthroughs in new energy, electric power, thermal power, cement, coal, heating and other industries.

　　In the field of new energy, Dongfang Guoxin can provide customers with overall new energy solutions, including: new energy data asset planning and governance system construction, new energy big data center construction, new energy specific scenario application prediction and deviation analysis, etc., and can quickly export five core solutions such as smart wind power, smart photovoltaic, comprehensive new energy, smart energy storage and smart energy service to customers, and form big data scenario application products such as health diagnosis, smart security, early warning of equipment and integrated analysis platform for distribution and transmission. Dongfang Guoxin and Huaneng Qingneng Institute signed a strategic cooperation agreement around "Research on New Energy Product System", and carried out in-depth cooperation with well-known domestic enterprises such as Hebei Electric Power Research Institute, Huaneng Clean Institute, Three Gorges New Energy and Jilin Electric Power Research Institute. Dongfang Guoxin participated in the construction of the comprehensive exhibition system of "Green Olympics and Low Carbon China" in Zhangjiakou, State Grid. Through the combination of static data and dynamic data and the linkage of real scene and virtual model, it showed the achievements of State Grid Hebei Company in the direction of renewable energy development and low carbon development, created a typical demonstration of source, network, Netherlands, storage and comprehensive management, and provided government departments with many application products such as energy supervision, energy planning, meteorological early warning and a "comprehensive window for green Olympics".

　　In the field of thermal power, Dongfang Guoxin has built a series of smart power plant solutions, including intelligent operation optimization, intelligent alarm, intelligent analysis and diagnosis of digital twins, intelligent safety management, intelligent equipment management, emergency command management, intelligent operation management, etc., which has realized the centralized monitoring, scene reproduction and unified supervision of subordinate thermal power enterprises on the group side, and helped the group to develop harmoniously in low-carbon environmental protection, innovation drive, quality benefit and safe production. Together with North China Electric Power Research Institute, Guoshen Group, Jiujiang Power Plant of National Energy Group, and Huanghua Port of National Energy Group, we have completed the development and optimization of 18 "equipment management" models. Through sinking the power plant by Electric Power Research Institute, we have optimized the operating conditions of power plant equipment, improved the equipment performance, and helped the power plant to save energy and reduce consumption.

　　In the field of cement, the construction project of comprehensive big data platform has been started, and the control and optimization application system of Dongfang Guoxin Cement has landed in leading enterprises in Tapai, Jinyu, Shanshui Cement and other industries. Construction of the development and application project of cement factory-level integrated management and control platform based on industrial internet architecture in Chengde Jinyu, laying a solid foundation for the replication and promotion of big data platform in cement industry; Through the platform construction of () Group and three regional factories, the two-level architecture model of Dongfang Guoxin’s comprehensive big data platform in the cement field has been enriched.

　　In the field of coal, comprehensive data monitoring and management products such as coal big data platform, monitoring and early warning, coal mine map, etc. and digital twin and automatic control system of roadheader working face have been successively launched, and customers in Bayangaole Coal Mine, Shuangxin Mining and other industries have landed. The platform empowers the working face equipment group to have the ability of independent perception, independent decision-making and automatic control operation, which can realize the real scene reproduction of tunneling working face and the autonomous navigation of tunneling main and auxiliary machines. Multi-machine coordinated control and remote centralized control of back-up equipment such as crusher and belt conveyor effectively improve the management level, production efficiency and safety guarantee ability of tunneling operation, realize intelligent reduction of staff and increase efficiency, and comprehensively promote the intelligent construction of coal mines.

　　In the field of coal chemical industry, the construction of information management system for chemical production in Xinjiang has been completed, and several functional modules developed have achieved good application results in enterprise production and management. The first intelligent management system for methanol synthesis catalyst jointly established with Xinjiang Chemical Industry has also been running stably, which has achieved remarkable results in improving catalyst health, reducing harm and optimizing performance, and has also made outstanding contributions in improving yield, reducing energy consumption and reducing carbon emissions.

　　(4)AI technology and industrial safety production are deeply integrated.

　　In 2021, Dongfang Guoxin AI visual identification project covers many fields such as energy, electric power, coal, wind power, chemical industry, etc. Five application scenarios of industrial visual identification are summarized and defined: intelligent inspection, on-site safety, industrial quality inspection, fault diagnosis, unattended coverage, intelligent inspection, equipment fault detection based on thermal imaging identification, X-ray flaw detection and quality inspection identification, personnel behavior safety management, equipment leakage, equipment condition monitoring and other industrial scenarios.

　　The edge product of "Industrial Visual Identification Management Platform Based on Multi-source Data Fusion" independently developed by Dongfang Guoxin allows customers to quickly access video data sources, algorithm binding, alarm rule setting and interface subscription, and realize self-built industrial visual identification applications. Dongfang Guoxin chemical industry artificial intelligence remote inspection solution has been selected into the list of outstanding cases of smart security solutions in 2021 selected by relevant industrial centers.

　　In the field of mining the value of industrial data, Dongfang Guoxin continuously obtains intermittent results by establishing OE industrial brain, integrating mechanism model, expert model, statistical model and big data model based on pre-parameters and process variables, and by means of data cleaning, dimensionality reduction, correlation analysis and supervised learning, providing effective online analysis means for production and operation, realizing comprehensive perception at any time, any place and any environment, so as to participate in control in advance and increase the yield. Using low-configuration edge computing front end, reliable support can be provided for the field through small samples. Support customized agile development, adjust applications according to on-site business scenarios, and quickly change parameter types and user interaction. The accuracy of the model is high, and the accuracy of the results is over 96% in the actual use process.

　　(5) internet plus industrial production safety, promote industrial intrinsic safety.

　　In 2021, based on the advantages of its own industrial Internet platform, Dongfang Guoxin built an industrial intrinsic safety platform through the integration of industrial data and algorithms. Based on production data and environmental data, it established a real hazard model through big data and AI algorithm, and reduced the dimensions of the spatial and temporal attributes of the real hazard model, and finally realized the quantitative safety assessment of the region and pushed the safety index. In the usual monitoring process, parameter monitoring is changed to state monitoring, which reduces the operation difficulty and management cost, increases the effective management scope, and can better serve the production plant. Even the administrative staff can quickly grasp the safety risk data through quantitative evaluation, which provides effective safety management tools for the group and government customers.

　　Dongfang Guoxin Intrinsic Safety Platform focuses on monitoring and prevention, and the monitoring area includes four states. In sub-health state, relevant early warning is carried out in advance to ensure production safety as much as possible, and industrial data, artificial intelligence and safety production are organically combined in the way of "monitoring in peacetime and commanding in wartime", which provides effective support for industrial safety and platform support for national digital industrialization.

　　4. Government and other fields

　　During the reporting period, the company maintained sustained growth in the direction of city brain (IOC) and government big data, and added projects such as Changyi smart city and smart community. The company actively landed and expanded the direction of smart culture and art, achieved excellent results in the information integration project of communist party Historical Exhibition Hall in China, and won the first prize of the first new smart city innovation and application competition. In the field of foreign cooperation, we will continue to expand business cooperation with Huawei and other partners in the field of smart cities, and actively expand cooperation in the field of smart rail transit. The company actively responded to the requirements of the state on the digital transformation of state-owned enterprises, reached a strategic cooperation agreement with Beijing Safe Housing Center Co., Ltd., and provided integrated overall solution services.

　　During the reporting period, the company actively participated in the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" in the field of public safety, solidly promoted the research and development of public safety featured products and accumulated experience in featured fields, and successfully completed the transformation and application of platforms such as data governance, knowledge map and science cloud in the field of public safety; On the basis of successfully completing the customs risk management system, the new generation customs clearance management system, the big data pool resource management platform and the Anke project of the General Administration of Customs, the company continued to deepen the implementation of customs data governance and ETL and other related projects; The company signed the data governance and digital transformation application of Fenjiu Group and the technical service of sichuan-tibet railway data governance service, and used the company’s rich experience in the field of big data to help traditional enterprises effectively carry out information transformation and upgrading. The company has made steady progress in the transportation industry, built the foundation of Hebei Airport Group’s data center platform, service bus, passenger service and other capabilities, and formed an integrated airport big data platform solution and construction capability covering data collection, data storage, data calculation, data governance, data service and data application.

　　5. Public cloud domain

　　During the reporting period, Dongfang Guoxin Cloud entered the accelerated growth channel, especially the business in intelligent cloud grew rapidly. Dongfang Guoxin Cloud technology goes deep into operators, traditional industries and government service departments, helping thousands of industries to integrate innovation and improve efficiency. After more than a year of technical precipitation and market polishing, the company has continuously iterated over the public cloud and private cloud product systems, combined with the company’s layout in the data center field, to build the intelligent cloud ecosystem, and functional products such as cloudy management, cloud migration and cloud private line have been launched one after another, which has further strengthened the competitiveness of Dongfang Guoxin Cloud in the market and defined our strategic direction in the field of cloud computing. At the same time, with the development of Xinchuang industry and the demands of broad users, Dongfang Guoxin Cloud also supported the virtualization function of ARM architecture servers in 2021, and adapted more independent controllable software and hardware manufacturers, and launched a series of functions such as ARM chip virtual machine and bare metal in BoncStack private cloud products.

　　With the rise of hot concepts such as artificial intelligence and meta-universe, and with the help of the policy of "east counting and west computing", the market demand for computing power has also reached the climax of explosive growth. A large number of customers have an unprecedented strong demand for computing power in artificial intelligence, wisdom+fields, and so on. For this reason, the company has invested a lot of technical strength in the research and development of GPU virtualization, GPU transmission and other products. The year of 2021 is a year of rapid development of Dongfang Guoxin Cloud, and the company has obtained more qualifications in cloud security, trusted cloud, container cloud platform, research and development of soft works, etc. The company’s cloud business has also entered a period of accelerated growth, creating many benchmark cases in the military, industrial manufacturing, government and public security fields. At the same time, the continuous investment in technology has enabled Dongfang Guoxin Cloud to provide better protection and support for data-driven enterprises and help enterprises to transform digitally.

　　(2) Complete the non-public offering to enhance the company’s core competitiveness and profitability.

　　As a company with pure big data genes, Dongfang Guoxin’s layout of cloud computing and artificial intelligence comes down in one continuous line. Since its listing, the company has closely followed the development direction of the world’s most advanced technologies, conducted in-depth key research and development in the directions of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and industrial Internet, and continuously incubated company-level core technologies and products, which has already taken the first-Mover advantage in these fields. The funds raised this time are used for the industrial Internet cloud intelligent platform, the 5G+ industrial Internet converged access and edge computing platform, and the Oriental Guoxin Cloud project, and the company’s working capital is appropriately supplemented. With the completion and promotion of the fundraising project, the company’s independent research and development capability will be further enhanced, the company’s technology and product industry application capability will be greatly improved, the company’s product, technology and solution capabilities in the fields of cloud services, 5G+ industrial Internet will be strengthened, business model innovation will be promoted, and stronger support will be provided for the company to consolidate its position in the industry and expand its market, thus improving its business scale and market space. Through this non-public offering, the company will enrich its capital strength, improve its ability to resist risks, fully consolidate its core competitiveness, further enhance its value, enhance its profitability and better repay all shareholders of listed companies.

　　(III) The company won many awards, and its brand reputation and influence continued to improve.

　　During the reporting period, the company and its subsidiaries won many honors. Including "2021 Beijing Software Core Competitiveness (Scale Enterprise)" evaluated by Beijing Software and Information Service Industry Association and "Top 100 Comprehensive Strength of Beijing Software and Information Service Industry" for five consecutive years, "2021 Digital Expo Leading Scientific and Technological Achievement Award" of China International Big Data Industry Expo, "Beijing First batch of" Invisible Champion "enterprises jointly issued by Beijing Economic and Information Bureau and Beijing Federation of Industry and Commerce, The Top 50 Big Data Enterprises in China in 2021 selected by China Big Data Alliance and other institutions, the TOP500 and TOP100 Leading Enterprises in China Xinchuang Industry in 2021 jointly released by Internet Weekly and eNet Research Institute, the Top 100 Pioneer List of Industrial Internet released by the judging panel of Industrial Internet World, and the Unicom Smart Service Project Center won the "Best Partner" award.

　　(4) Strengthen refined operations and continuously improve operational efficiency.

　　During the reporting period, the company continued to adopt the combination of budgeting and refined management, adhered to the management mode of paying equal attention to humanities, and constantly optimized the management process and internal control system. In terms of operation management, through continuous improvement and accumulation, the company’s operation management platform gradually plays a role. The company further strengthens the role of digital operation, and accurately analyzes each level and position with multi-dimensional portraits of sales, pre-sales and project implementation, providing a basis for the company’s awards, accurate assessment, avoiding blind waste, and further improving the company’s digital operation and digital assessment capabilities; In the formulation and assessment of the overall performance of the department, the full-cost cash flow accounting is carried out, the process tracking evaluation is strengthened, and the cost management is more comprehensive and accurate; In terms of employee performance and training, we will improve the technical certification system for initial, intermediate and advanced R&D products, and comprehensively enhance the vitality of employees and grassroots organizations.

V. Prospect of the Company’s Future Development

　　(A) the company’s development strategy

　　With the advent of the era of "digital economy and intelligent economy", data has become an important strategic resource of the country. In recent years, accelerating the construction of new infrastructure such as 5G, big data center, industrial Internet and artificial intelligence has become a major national development strategy. With the increasing support of "new infrastructure" policy, the development speed of the industry will be greatly improved. In 2020, the company formulated a strategic plan for the next five years: continue to focus on the fields of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and industrial Internet, and deeply empower customers in various industries for digital transformation. The company will comprehensively promote the cloud-based strategy of Dongfang Guoxin, and provide cloud-based software and services for a large group of small and medium-sized enterprise users based on many big data, AI and other software products that have been deposited by head customers in large-scale industries for many years; Promote the independent packaging and sales of many outstanding technical products such as CirroData database, data science cloud platform, data governance platform BDG and enterprise big data platform BEH, and cultivate customers’ habit of paying separately for software products; The company will keep the focus and patience of strategic direction, constantly innovate actively, strengthen the technical moat of the company, and promote the ecological strategy of "product+platform+service" from the model with "project" as the core, bringing more economic benefits to the enterprise and creating greater social value at the same time.

　　(II) The Company’s business objectives and business development plan for 2022.

　　In 2022, the company adhered to the overall business idea of "integration, focus, deep cultivation and efficiency improvement", maintained strategic focus and determination, and continued to build the core competitiveness of Dongfang Guoxin in the laid-out areas, accumulating and grasping the market opportunities brought by the digital tide, enabling customers’ digital development and achieving steady growth of the company’s performance.

　　1. Strengthen business focus, and make business deeper, wider and stronger.

　　In 2022, the company will continue to focus on the research and development direction of big data, industrial Internet, 5G, cloud computing and artificial intelligence; Focus on communications, finance, industry, government and cloud services; Focus on industry customized development software and services, standardized products, and cloud application services. The company will deeply cultivate industry customers, technology research and development and customer needs. Focus on the existing market, create superior solutions and expand the leading edge of the industry; Break through technical barriers and rely on advanced technological advantages to break through the bottleneck of business development; Understand customer needs and solve customer pain points. Accelerate the sales of technology productization and cloudization, and further strengthen the effective integration of business, technology and solutions between parent and subsidiary companies; Strengthen the integration of the company’s R&D products and user experience. Strengthen publicity and sales, improve product sales and marketing systems, and accelerate the transformation and landing of research and development results.

　　2. The industrial Internet platform has been continuously upgraded to empower the digital transformation of the industrial economy.

　　In 2022, based on the Cloudiip platform, Dongfang Guoxin will integrate the new generation information technologies such as big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and 5G with the needs of industrial enterprises to build N functional general platforms such as machine vision, intrinsic safety and data value mining, which will continue to be promoted in N industrial fields such as electric power, cement, chemical industry, coal and ports, give play to the effectiveness of industrial Internet and deepen its influence.

　　As a double-span platform selected by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Cloudiip will further strengthen the support and operation of cloudization, continue to study and overcome the processing problems of industrial big data, improve the capabilities of industrial data collection, standardization, timeliness and data governance, and strengthen the research and development and pilot application of 5G private networks. In the direction of small and medium-sized enterprises, we will build cloud-based data collection and application services for small and medium-sized textile, motor, machine tool and other manufacturing factories, reduce the construction cost of enterprise platforms, promote the popularization of industrial Internet platforms, build ecological platforms, and strive to become an industrial Internet platform with international influence.

　　3. Cloudization business has clear strategic objectives and is ready to go.

　　In 2022, the important strategy of Oriental Guoxin Cloud is "based on cloud computing, focusing on important tracks with artificial intelligence as the starting point", and cloud +AI is closely integrated, and "integration of cloud and intelligence" has become the unique competitive advantage of Oriental Guoxin Cloud. It has developed into a technologically advanced AI production platform with integrated software and hardware. In addition, Dongfang Guoxin Cloud fully integrates core technologies and platforms such as voice, vision, knowledge map and intelligent operation and maintenance of root cause analysis, empowering new infrastructures in all walks of life and providing strong support for enterprise innovation.

　　4. Continuously improve operational efficiency and optimize talent management.

　　In terms of human resources, in order to activate organizational vitality, the long-term development of enterprises needs to continuously deliver fresh blood, and the company gives clear and specific indicators in terms of talent flow and reserve young cadres, and boldly promotes outstanding talents; In terms of company operation, in order to improve operational efficiency, we will further improve the management system and assessment system. Through the company’s operation management system, everyone and every penny can be reflected in the process, and the company’s operation mode can be moved forward to the project or project group level, with a single project or project group as the smallest operation unit, the management level can be shortened, so that the company’s resources can be tilted to the front line, which is convenient to meet customers’ needs quickly, thus realizing the improvement of the company’s overall operation efficiency. In terms of corporate culture construction, we will vigorously promote corporate culture, publicize the company’s policies and systems, and convey the company’s business ideas to every grassroots employee.

The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to release at 18: 00 on November 6.Strong wind blue warning, cold wave blue warning, blizzard orange warning:

It is estimated that from 20: 00 on November 6 to 20: 00 on November 7, some areas in central and northwestern Inner Mongolia, eastern Xinjiang, northern and eastern Qinghai, Hexi, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other places will have strong winds with gusts of 7; There will be strong winds of magnitude 7-8 and gusts of magnitude 9 in the eastern Bohai Sea, the Bohai Strait, most of the Yellow Sea, the northern part of the East China Sea, the southern part of the East China Sea, the Taiwan Province Strait, the east of Taiwan Province, bashi channel and parts of the northeastern South China Sea, among which there will be strong winds of magnitude 9 and gusts of magnitude 10 in some parts of the eastern Yellow Sea.

Affected by strong cold air, it is estimated that from 20: 00 on November 6 to 20: 00 on November 7, the temperature in southeastern Inner Mongolia and most parts of Northeast China will drop by 6 ~ 8℃ successively, among which the temperature in some parts of eastern Jilin can reach 10 ~ 12℃. The lowest temperature 0℃ line will be located in the northeast of Hebei, Tianjin, southwest of Shanxi, Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi and southeast of Gansu. Some areas in central and northwestern Inner Mongolia, eastern Xinjiang, northern and eastern Qinghai, Hexi, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning will have strong winds of 5~6 and gusts of 7; There will be strong winds of 7-8 grades and gusts of 9-10 grades in the eastern Bohai Sea, most of the Yellow Sea, the northern part of the East China Sea, the southern part of the East China Sea and parts of the northeastern South China Sea.

It is estimated that from 20: 00 on November 6 to 20: 00 on November 7, there will be heavy blizzards in parts of northern Jilin and central and eastern Heilongjiang, among which there will be heavy blizzards (20 ~ 24 mm) in the northeastern part of Heilongjiang. The depth of newly added snow in some areas above is 2-10 cm, and the local area can reach more than 12 cm.

The cold wave continues,

Everyone should take precautions.

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　　Wei Qingyuan, an expert in Ming history. Our reporter Ma Qiang photo

　　Southern Network reported on March 21, Wei Qingyuan was born in Shunde, Guangdong Province in 1928. His major works include Yellow Book System in Ming Dynasty, Royal Guards and East and West Factories in Ming Dynasty, History of Chinese Political System, Biography of Emperor Qin Long, Zhang Juzheng and the Political Situation in the Middle and Late Ming Dynasty, etc. He used to be the director and consultant of Chinese Political Science Society, Chinese Economic History Society, Chinese Archives Society and China Ming History Society. Visiting researcher at the East-West Asia Research Center in Fei Zhengqing, Harvard University, and visiting scholar at Harvard Yanjing Society; Visiting professor, Department of East Asian Studies, Oxford University, UK, and part-time academician of St. Anthony’s College. He is currently a visiting professor at the Institute of History, Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences.

　　Professor Wei Qingyuan, who is currently a visiting researcher at the Institute of History of Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences, devoted his life to the study of Ming and Qing history and academic works. However, in seventy years of age, Wei Lao "changed careers" and wrote novels for ten years. Recently, on the occasion of Wei Lao’s 80th birthday, his first historical novel Zhengde Fengyun-A Biography of Zhu Houzhao, the Emperor of the Dangzi, was published.

　　Joking about history worries experts.

　　Since 2005, there has been a "Ming history fever" in the domestic publishing industry. However, Wei Lao did not launch this 800,000-word Ming Dynasty book to "follow the fashion".

　　"It is said that historical novelists annoy historians." Some ridiculously "wild" books and film and television works are popular in the book market and on the screen, which makes Wei Lao very worried. For example, in a TV series, sourdrang dowager ordered her grandson, Emperor Kangxi, to marry Aunt Su Mala, and named her a princess. The fact is: Aunt Sumala was a maid who came to Manchuria from Mongolia in the early years after Xiao Zhuang. She was at least 40 years older than Kangxi. How could she get married?

　　The wind of popular culture jokes is easy to cause misconceptions to the public. Out of respect for history and the sense of responsibility of a historical researcher, Wei Lao sprouted the idea of writing novels. He believes that research results with academic value are important, but after all, there are not many people reading; If historians have spare capacity, they can write some popular historical works that convey correct knowledge and spread them to the public.

　　Wei veteran’s "Zhengde Fengyun" is regarded as a bold exploration. In this novel, he follows the original development of history and the reasonable filling of literary flesh and blood, depicting all kinds of characters and varied story details centered on Emperor Zhengde.

　　Zhang Hui’s novels excavate the emperor’s abnormal love

　　There were more than 30 emperors in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Why did Wei Lao choose Zhu Houzhao, Emperor Zhengde of Ming Wuzong, as the hero of his first novel?

　　The most famous joke about Emperor Zhengde in folklore is "prince and the showgirl". Zhengde ascended the throne at the age of 14, and during his 16 years in office, he ran amok, spoiled officials, harmed loyalty and robbed women, which led to the crisis of the national government and people’s livelihood at that time.

　　Wei Lao believes that it is not an exaggeration to denounce Zhu Houzhao as a "prodigal emperor", "devil incarnate" and "slut villain". However, for a long time, the description of Zhengde in history books is mostly faceless or bold, which fails to deeply reflect the specific facts of Zhengde and the period of Zhengde. There are still many confusing contradictions and suspense that are difficult to answer hastily. For example, Zhengde’s feelings and sexual orientation are incredible: on the one hand, he frantically searches for and mutilates countless women, including pregnant women, widows and virgins; But on the other hand, he was deeply attached to Liu Liangnv, a married woman who had been taken captive from Taiyuan, until his death. "For women from abuse to rare special pet, this strange abnormal love was set in a person’s body, especially an emperor. What is the psychological secret? "

　　In Zheng De Fengyun, written in the form of Zhang Hui’s novel, Wei Lao launched a macro narrative based on a large number of historical facts, and at the same time tapped the Oedipus complex and abnormal love of Emperor Zheng De with psychological analysis.

　　Chen Jiexian, a famous historian of Qing Dynasty and a visiting professor of history department of Nankai University, commented on the Emperor Zhengde written by Wei Lao, "It is not simply to reprimand him for his dissoluteness and madness, but to go deep into the inner world where the master is not easy to show people, and to write a true Zhengde vividly and completely."

　　However, Wei Lao personally said that his first attempt to write a historical novel may be a failed experiment. But in any case, history is a mirror, from which the subsequent world situation and personnel can be reflected.

Editor: Sun Jie

4. The king’s position-computer technology python

Using crawler technology to analyze the word frequency of the retrieved information, find the perspective of concern from high-frequency words, and tap the context of national policy changes, and the results are quantifiable.

Fourth, the actual operation

The practical application of the above theory takes the report about Beidou Industrial Park made by Dai Chunchen as an example. The report attracted the attention of senior leaders at that time, and promoted the implementation and changes of relevant industrial policies.

Original link:

Writing process:

1. Determine the topic and find the value

News from the beginning: Xinhua News Agency mentioned that Beidou satellite system won the highest scientific and technological progress award; And the award was awarded to the team, which was the first national highest scientific and technological progress award won by the team.

Discover the value point: According to the interview, there are no enterprises in some Beidou navigation industrial parks and they are vacant.

2. Establish knowledge reserves and build an article framework.

Use different search channels to establish knowledge reserves, determine the general direction through relevant seminars and forum information, and read papers in China HowNet to establish a systematic understanding of the industry and find the conflict point.

3. Find supporting materials and interviewees, and use interviews to support reports.

4. Search and verify information and cross-correlation.

(1) search local government related planning found suspicious.

/Original content/

The interesting detail is that a province in central China has issued a Beidou industrial plan, and three Beidou industrial parks have been set aside in one breath, requiring the three industrial parks to cultivate and introduce more than 500 Beidou enterprises by 2018, with a total industrial scale of more than 60 billion yuan. Another central province put forward the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" goal of Beidou application market with a scale of 100 billion yuan.

This is an extremely ambitious goal. Even in the National Medium and Long-term Development Plan for Satellite Navigation Industry, the scale of the national satellite navigation industry in 2020 is only 400 billion yuan. According to the proportion of 60% and 80% of Beidou system in different fields, the final scale of Beidou industry is only 240-320 billion yuan. The indicators of these two provinces have reached more than half of the above data.

Under the background of planning and setting targets in various places, cities and industrial parks compete fiercely for Beidou enterprises and Beidou talents, and the results can be imagined. According to industry insiders, some Beidou industrial parks are actually vacant in different degrees. The first problem they face is that they can’t recruit Beidou projects, and the second is that the recruited projects are "fake Beidou". Such a departure from the original intention of the establishment of the park can be imagined as a waste of government financial resources and land resources.

② Replace the interviewee’s personal subjective viewpoint with the retrieved information: it not only protects the offline interviewee, but also makes the information point more convincing.

/Original content/

As early as 2014, Yang Yuanxi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, who took the lead in formulating the National Medium-and Long-term Development Plan for Satellite Navigation Industry, also shouted that he couldn’t understand the situation of Beidou Industrial Park in various places. According to media reports, during the National "Two Sessions" that year, Yang Yuanxi, a member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, said vehemently that the Beidou Industrial Park in China was blooming everywhere, and each park occupied thousands of acres of land. Many provinces and cities use the signboard of Beidou Industrial Park to enclose land everywhere, and many enterprises are applying for projects and funds from the government in the name of Beidou Navigation.

Yang Yuanxi’s explanation for the root cause of this chaos is the excessive supply of venues. In his view, Beidou industry is a high-tech industry, and there is not much land needed. At present, the domestic Beidou market cannot support the survival of so many Beidou enterprises. This is also the view of many people in the industry.

③ Make logical deduction in the search results, provide exclusive information and unique perspective, and ultimately affect policy decisions.

/Original content/

In China’s blossoming industrial parks, foreign capital, foreign advanced technology and management experience are introduced, which is nothing more than the migration of industries, from 1 to 100. Under this logic, the park provides tax incentives, low-priced land, and facilitates the recruitment of cheap labor. The formation of an industrial chain in the park also enables manufacturing enterprises to save costs.

However, if Beidou Industrial Park is established, most of the imported enterprises are not formed technology and management experience. Most Beidou project teams may have scientific research achievements and intellectual property rights, but how to industrialize and adapt to the market, they still need to explore while doing, and they need to complete the creation of "from 0 to 1".

Fundamentally speaking, they are makers, and Beidou industry is an innovative economy that needs incubation and growth. The growth environment needed by the innovation economy should be closer to the Silicon Valley in the United States-the high concentration of scientific research resources, the concentration of high-quality talents and specialized venture capital. This is quite different from the "three axes" of local governments to develop traditional manufacturing industries.

Five, knowledge points and practical writing skills

Classification of media texts

1. What is the (nature of the incident)-investigation report

2. (Cause) Why-Explanatory report

3. What is the (state)-feature

For example, the feature "After Zero in Beijing" depicts the working and living conditions of some employees after midnight.

4. What will happen?-Explanatory report

5. What should I do?-Comment/Research

At present, media comments have begun to transform into "think tanks", telling readers "what to do" with deeper and more systematic results.

Message/short story writing template: details+core facts+secondary facts+reasons+background+progress.

The first paragraph: details (fascinating, burying suspense): description+discussion+psychological description.

The second paragraph: the core facts (macro-expounding the background and facts of the incident in combination with the officially announced information)

Paragraph 3: Secondary facts (supplementary facts, supporting facts according to eyewitness testimony/other specific events)

Paragraph 4: Reasons (explain actions and changes)

Paragraph 5: Continue to explain the background (earlier events or similar facts show the macro background)

Paragraph 6: Latest progress

END

Director of Operations | Xie Chan

Editor | Chen Xingmeng

Original title: "Senior media people teach you how to search accurately | Media Notes"

Read the original text

　　This round of oil price increase can really be described as "meat pain". Compared with the previous small fights, this round of price increases has indeed interpreted a "wolf coming". The fluctuation of oil price can’t be controlled, but the level of fuel consumption can be controlled. Driving skills and traffic congestion are very important. But more importantly, I think from the technical level, not to lose power and driving sense, but also to have lower fuel consumption, hybrid technology immediately entered the alternative list. In the context that oil prices are likely to continue to climb, have you begun to pay attention to hybrid models?

　　First, Toyota Saina

　　Model guide price: 309,800-405,800 yuan

　　Highlights of the model: synchronization with overseas, 2.5L dual-engine power.

　　Since hybrid technology has attracted attention, Toyota can be said to have dominated for a long time. Whether in domestic or international markets, the performance is quite eye-catching. Today, the Toyota family has brought the latest dual-engine power. All its main models are equipped, so let’s take a look at the very topical Toyota Saina today.

　　Saina, of course, was born on the brand-new Toyota TNGA-K platform, and is the same as the fourth-generation Toyota Highlander. We have deeply understood the product advantages brought by the brand-new platform from Asian Dragon, new RAV4 and other models. Among them, the biggest feature is the hybrid power system composed of 2.5-liter naturally aspirated engine and motor. In the same class, this power combination has distinctive characteristics, ride comfort and fuel consumption are also very close to the people, which can be said to be one of the biggest highlights of Saina.

　　In terms of appearance, Toyota Saina has almost maintained the same shape as overseas models, and basically achieved the original flavor. While leaning towards home style, it highlights a little business atmosphere. The front of the car looks round, with rich shapes and levels. The slender headlights play a role in segmentation, but also make the front face look less bloated. The exaggerated net shape at the bottom also looks like it is eyeing.

　　The body size of Saina is maintained at the mainstream level, 5165/1995/1765mm, and the wheelbase is 3060 mm. The biggest feature of the car side is the use of the waistline of the car body, which has a strong three-dimensional effect and makes the car body appear thicker. The rear of the car is also stocky and there is no lack of design, and the extension and shape of the taillights are very three-dimensional, which echoes the headlights. On the whole, the design of Saina can still meet the tastes of most consumers, and there is not much controversy.

　　However, in the interior part, Toyota’s performance is a bit enterprising, and it is also the most unsatisfactory point, especially when it is not refined enough in the localization transformation. The central control screen as thick as a brick on RAV4 and Willanda and the car system with monotonous color and lack of experience have already disappointed consumers. However, the experience and operation of this set of car machines in Saina can only be said that the progress is limited, and there are changes. Except for the larger size, it can’t be compared with the current mainstream brands or even independent brands. In contrast, GL8 is the best example. Pan-Asia has laid a strong local flavor of China for GL8, while retaining the necessary American luxury. Toyota should not fail to understand the truth that there is a car in front and a road behind.

　　Saina’s use of space is also very extreme. Three rows of seats are necessary, and the second row has no problems in front and back adjustment, function and comfort. The actual experience of the third row of seats depends on the size of the occupant. If it is too big and strong, it is recommended to use it only for short-distance emergency.

　　The trunk of the Saina has formed a deep pit structure, which is completely inherited from the design style of North America. Don’t underestimate this design. During the actual experience, it is found that its volume can be stuffed into an adult, and it can be accommodated when the third row is not used. Therefore, the ingenious design is the core for a car like Saina.

　　In terms of power, Saina is equipped with Toyota’s 2.5L twin-engine hybrid. Matching E-CVT gearbox, as mentioned above, fuel saving and smoothness are still its most prominent features. Among them, the 2.5L engine has a maximum power of 141kW and a maximum torque of 238N.m；: The maximum power of the motor is 134kW and the maximum torque is 270N.m In the actual experience, it can achieve the fuel consumption performance between 6.0 and 70L, which is still good.

　　Comments: At present, the sales volume of Saina is on the rise, and the price increase that had been raging before seems not to have completely disappeared. Anyone who can buy this car at a higher price is probably true love powder, or that sentence, just like it.

　　Second, Honda Odyssey sharp and mixed

　　Model guide price: RMB 235,800-354,800.

　　Highlights of the model: the design of the small change is more reasonable and easy to operate. Sharp and hybrid bring better driving experience.

　　Odyssey can be said to be an evergreen tree in the home MPV market, and the overall design idea is also different from other models. First of all, the overall body lines are relatively round, and the more compact size can bring more flexible handling performance. Unlike the bloated body like Senna and GL8, it is more calm and calm when the car meets and the parking space is tight. If the hostess at home often drives MPV, she should prefer Odyssey, and I will push it first.

　　In terms of interior design, Odyssey is also more inclined to home, and the home style is very strong. After a small change, the classic key shift mechanism is used to save a lot of operating space. Give consideration to design and aesthetic feeling. After the change, the size of the central control panel has changed, and the color has become richer and more delicate. At the same time, the air conditioning control area below has been redesigned and operated by touch, which has obviously improved both in style and function. On the whole, I feel that the taste of home is very strong, lacking a little business breath, which is especially suitable for family use. Another storage slot is added to the glove box of the front passenger, which is ingenious in design. At the same time, the central control area is covered with soft materials in a large area, which makes the sense of grade and touch more pleasing.

　　The seat of Odyssey is actually elegant. The first feature is that it is very thick, which fully explains the basic characteristics that an MPV model should have. Besides comfort, flexibility is another major feature. The shoulders of the second row of seats can be adjusted independently, and they can also move left and right. The third row of seats can also be magically "backflips", which is particularly suitable for fishing scenes. These are the features that other models don’t have. At the same time, Odyssey has also launched a well-being car to facilitate people with disabilities to get on and off, and it is commendable to consider it more carefully and comprehensively.

　　The sliding door is also the soul of an MPV model. Odyssey uses electric+gesture control operation, which has a high recognition rate and is more convenient to operate.

　　At the configuration level, the Odyssey has been upgraded after a small change to provide 18-inch wheels, electric trunk, lumbar support, ventilation of the second row of seats, heating, massage, LED far and near lights and so on. At the same time, it has a relatively complete driving assistance system (lane departure warning/maintenance assistance, active safety system, full-speed adaptive cruise), and provides front airbags, front side airbags, head airbags and other configurations. In addition, it is equipped with panoramic images, bilateral electric side-sliding doors, automatic headlights, automatic folding of exterior mirrors, and multi-zone automatic air conditioning. In terms of intelligent configuration, this time, a 7-inch LCD instrument+a 10.1-inch floating central control panel is added, and the latest Honda CONNECT 3.0 intelligent guidance interconnection system is embedded under the screen, which can realize mainstream functions such as voice recognition, remote control, car networking and OTA upgrade.

　　In terms of power, the Odyssey is equipped with Honda’s third-generation i-MMD hybrid system, and uses a powertrain consisting of a 2.0L self-priming engine and a motor. The comprehensive maximum power is 215 horsepower, which satisfies most of the use scenarios. The initial acceleration of the motor and the application of the E-CVT gearbox make the Odyssey very smooth to drive, and there is no feeling of frustration.

　　Comments: Odyssey is more inclined to family use scenarios. After a small change, the configuration has been improved, and the consideration is more thoughtful. However, the space is short-board, and the ultimate utilization rate and loading capacity are not as good as those of GL8 and other models.

　　Third, Mocha DHT-PHEV

　　Model guide price: 295,000-315,000 yuan

　　Highlights of the model: the self-developed hybrid system makes the motor more powerful and advanced.

　　There is nothing we can do about the rapid rise of oil prices, but the iteration and progress of technology are also rapid. More crucially, these core technologies have begun to be gradually mastered in independent brands. Great Wall Motor, which has a huge consumer group, has introduced a variety of hybrid models to consumers, among which Moka DHT-PHEV is undoubtedly a very important product in the family. Not long ago, Moka DHT-PHEV officially announced its price. Among the many highlights, I believe that most consumers pay more attention to its hybrid technology. Many media have tested a circle on the Seventh Ring Road in Beijing before, with only one purpose, that is, a box of oil challenges 1000km.

　　Different people have different views on style and modeling, so I won’t describe it too much here. From the overall modeling point of view, Moka DHT-PHEV continues the family design, and the most striking thing is the huge hexagonal net. Together with WEY’s LOGO, the overall recognition is very high. The rectangular headlights on both sides and the vertical decorations on both sides of the bumper make this Mocha DHT-PHEV look fuller and more angular.

　　The side of the car is still treated with a high waistline, and the popular hidden door handle is also used, with 21-inch highlighted black wheels, which highlights a certain sports model. The design of the rear of the car is highly consistent with the front of the car, and the taillight style and bottom decoration are almost the same. But it lacks some innovative elements. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of Moka DHT-PHEV are 4875/1960/1690mm and the wheelbase is 2915mm, respectively.

　　The interior design is also consistent with the traditional fuel version, equipped with a 14.6-inch floating central control panel to increase the size of the AR-HUD head-up display, as well as a voice recognition system and AI intelligent facial recognition. Mocha DHT-PHEV has five millimeter-wave radar probes and a forward-looking camera, which are used to provide hardware support for L2 autonomous driving. I just hope that there will be no other twists and turns in the Qualcomm high-performance chip.

　　Another key feature of Moka DHT-PHEV is its intelligence, and it also supports NOH intelligent pilot-assisted driving system. It can automatically drive and command vehicles to go up and down the ramp on high-speed and urban expressways, follow the navigation route automatically all the way, and intelligently control the speed and distance of the preceding vehicle according to the road speed limit and road shape.

　　Finally, talk about power. The Great Wall lemon hybrid DHT system is a hybrid system developed by the Great Wall for three years. At present, the HEV/PHEV hybrid system has been fully installed on the main models of the Great Wall, while the Moka DHT-PHEV is equipped with a 1.5T engine and motor combination, with the maximum power of the engine being 115kW (156HP) and the maximum power of the front/rear drive motor being 135kW. The ternary lithium battery pack with a capacity of 39.67kWh is used, and the pure electric cruising range is 204km under WLTC conditions.

　　At present, many consumers pay attention to PHEV models in two aspects: pure battery life and feed fuel consumption. High pure battery life can prevent car owners from looking for charging piles frequently in order to ensure a better fuel-saving experience, while feed fuel consumption can better reflect the consistency of vehicles and whether the technology is mature and reliable. Avoid embarrassing things, and be consistent with electricity and electricity. After testing, the two-wheel drive long-life version of Moka DHT-PHEV can achieve WLTC fuel consumption of 5.5L； per 100 kilometers; The high-performance electric four-wheel drive model can achieve WLTC’s fuel consumption of 6.3L per 100 kilometers. The performance is still good.

　　Comments: The overall feeling of Moka DHT-PHEV is very clear and familiar. The driving style is similar to the previous fuel version, but it is undoubtedly more fuel efficient.

　　Fourth, Geely Xingyue L Raytheon Hi-X hybrid version

　　Model price: none

　　Highlights of the model: the technical upgrade of star products, the world’s first hybrid model equipped with a 3-speed electric drive transmission DHT Pro.

　　In the self-owned brand SUV in 2021, Geely Xingyue L is definitely a very eye-catching one, which makes people look at it with its strong product strength. However, Geely obviously does not want to stop at the level of traditional fuel vehicles, and the arrival of hybrid systems is also a matter of course. Still at the Guangzhou Auto Show in 2021, we saw the official release of Geely Xingyue L Raytheon Hi·X hybrid version.

　　Geely Xingyue L Raytheon Hi·X hybrid version basically follows the outline of the gasoline version in appearance, but it is bolder in the adjustment and depiction of details, which has a sci-fi color and a strong tram style. The most significant change in the front face comes from the middle net area, adding a number of self-luminous parts, including the LOGO and the luminous design on both sides, which are very clear and easy to identify even during the day. The grille style built in China Net has also changed the arrangement style, and the hybrid model is more gas-filled than the gasoline version. The second is the style of the bottom bumper, which has also been designed into a very representative "X" shape. Once again, it enriches the sci-fi color attributes of vehicles. In other body details, the hybrid version of Raytheon Hi·X has not changed much.

　　In terms of power, the new car is equipped with a DHE15 hybrid engine, with a thermal efficiency of 43.32% and a high-efficiency area coverage rate of nearly 50%. Xingyue L Raytheon Hi·X hybrid version is equipped with a hybrid power system consisting of a 1.5T three-cylinder engine, with a maximum power of 110kW(150 HP) and a peak torque of 225Nm. With the dual-motor system, the combined maximum power of the power system is 180kW(245 HP), matching the DHT Pro 3-speed hybrid electric drive gearbox, and the NEDC cruising range is nearly 1300km.

　　The most striking thing is that Xingyue L Raytheon Hi·X hybrid version is the world’s first hybrid product equipped with a 3-speed electric drive transmission DHT Pro. According to official data, the car’s acceleration time is 7.9s, and the longest cruising range with full oil reaches 1300 kilometers.

　　The 3-speed electric drive transmission DHT Pro will not be described in detail here. Simply put, it is no longer a gearbox in the traditional sense, but also can independently participate in the electric drive device, which is also the intelligent energy control center of the whole hybrid system. At the same time, intelligence is another major feature. The 3-speed electric drive transmission DHT Pro in the car is also fully integrated with the intelligent electronic and electrical architecture GEEA 2.0, so that the system can identify the driver’s driving habits and road congestion, and realize the adaptive, autonomous learning and adjustment of driving mode.

　　Comments: Xingyue L Raytheon Hi·X, like other hybrid models, is efficient, energy-saving and pays attention to intelligent expansion, and it also has the advantage of interior space, which is also very important.

　　Fuel-saving, long battery life, more intelligent, but also have a rich driving experience. This is the new expectation that consumers put forward for hybrid models at present. It seems a bit harsh, but don’t worry, the above is no longer unattainable today. If you haven’t done it yet, it means that you are out of date.

　　Heilongjiang Daily, June 15th Qiqihar people are famous for their sharp mouths, and the meaty feeling in their mouths is not good at all. To this end, the major barbecue shops in Qiqihar have racked their brains to "practice hard work", the stores have been continuously upgraded, and the dishes have been iteratively innovated … But no matter how they are changed or changed, the TOP-rated famous shops on the top list of barbecue rivers and lakes have always been red for decades. These owners of Qiqihar Treasure Barbecue Store say that high standards, high quality and high service are the foundation of their career, and they have won the trust of more and more repeat customers, repeat customers and permanent customers.

　　The meat is so selective. Choose that piece of meat.

　　Good meat is the greatest strength of all Qiqihar barbecue shops. Beef cattle such as Holstein and Angus, which grew up eating natural grass, have no smell at all.

　　"When we served meat, we had to queue up at the wholesale point in the early hours of the morning, just to wait for the good meat that we were thinking about. Now the quality of beef in Qiqihar has been greatly improved, and there are more meat shops, which can be more selective. I called the meat shop the night before to tell me to leave the meat and specify the tender part in the middle. " Cao Hongli, the owner of Hanyuan’s large piece of meat, said that the standard of her meat selection is to choose the fat as much as possible. Cut it from the middle to see if the snowflakes are seeping from the inside out. If there are no snowflakes inside, it will definitely not be fragrant when baked. "The ratio of fat to thin is best to open in 37 or 46."

　　Meris’s large piece of meat is a unique barbecue food in Qiqihar, and Zhao Xingjia’s large piece of meat is a well-known local old shop, and its boss is also the founder of Meris Village’s original large piece of meat. Gao Ying, the person in charge of the store, told the reporter that this store has been open for 18 years, and the biggest secret is the good meat. "The boss personally chooses the meat every day, and every piece of meat has to pass through his hand. He said that this meat can only be used." The four or five suppliers we cooperated with all knew that Zhao Xingjia’s boss was "too busy" to be fooled, and the meat he sent was also carefully selected Angus pure anhydrous prime beef. "I don’t care about the cost of meat at home. One kind of meat never uses the second kind, and the expensive one never uses the cheap one. Our philosophy is to give consumers the best meat." Gao Ying said that she must use the first seven rib fans at home, and the upper brain is to remove the essence at both ends. "It is never too troublesome to pick it every day."

　　How to choose meat? Boss Zhao Changzhi smiled and told the reporter that he didn’t understand it when he first opened the barbecue shop. He learned a lot of meat-watching skills from others. "Put the meat on the plate to see if there is water, whether it will fall off when picked up, and then look at the texture and color. The texture of good meat is particularly beautiful like a landscape painting." Zhao Changzhi said that high-quality beef feels sticky, elastic, greasy and thick, and it won’t come loose. Now he has been doing it for almost 20 years, and he has trained a pair of "eagle" eyes. You can tell whether the meat is good or not as soon as you take a look.

　　These experts told reporters that before choosing meat, they usually have to "smell and ask" in the butcher shop, smell the smell of milk in the house, and ask the cows about the number of days of grain feeding. "If the cows don’t reach the number of days, the meat is not fat enough and the taste is not fragrant." Zhao Changzhi said. It is generally acknowledged that veal that has been slaughtered for more than 900 days is the best. It feels tight and not soft, like human muscles have a sense of resilience.

　　Famous shops and big stores use good meat, and this business philosophy inspires and drives all barbecue shops in the region. Because good meat has a passenger flow, repeat customers and a long-lasting fire.

　　The sauce is good and the dip is secret.

　　Hanyuan meat is one of the oldest treasures in Qiqihar. It has been opened for more than 20 years and has always been famous for its special Korean sauce and homemade dip. "The peers are competing to imitate, but it is either salty or light, and Hanyuan sauce has never been surpassed."

　　Cao Hongli, the boss, said that she had run a fish pot for some time before opening a large piece of meat in Hanyuan. "My mother and sister-in-law are both Koreans. I have been exposed to many traditional Korean foods since I was a child, and the hot sauce used when opening a fish pot is very popular." On one occasion, she ate at a barbecue shop opened by a Korean in Dalian, and watched people roast with raw meat dipped in sauce. When she came back, she thought about it and developed her own sauce with the memory of the tip of her tongue, which was used in the operation of the barbecue shop. "The sauces were all cooked by ourselves. In Qiqihar, only my family dared to soak and dip the raw meat in the sauce before roasting."

　　How can Korean barbecue get less hot sauce dip! In the seasoning area of the store, there are no less than 20 kinds of boiled wet materials and fried dry materials, which fill the whole display table. "We cooked twenty-seven or eight kinds of dip at most, and there are still several kinds that haven’t come up yet!" Cao Hongli said that Koreans are born to be masters of pickles, and there are chefs who specialize in making sauces and dipping materials once every two or three days for all branches to use.

　　When eating barbecue, did you mix all the spices with the experience? Cao Hongli grasped the diners’ love for ingredients but bad habits, and developed very popular sweet and spicy sauces, Korean garden sauces, sesame barbecue sauces, dry materials, crispy materials, spicy materials, etc., which just met the tastes of diners. Among them, the most popular wet ingredients are sweet and sour spicy sauce and salty Hanyuan sauce. "Sweet and spicy sauce is made of Chili and white sugar. All peppers are artificially hammered out with a stick. It is pure and ancient. It is fragrant but not spicy." Cao Hongli said that the sweet and sour sesame barbecue sauce is especially suitable for traditional family meat mixing, which contains nearly 20 kinds of seasonings such as sesame, peanuts, cumin, sesame sauce and sugar. Spicy seasoning is a perfect match for large pieces of meat, which is fried with sesame and cumin. There is also a distinctive fresh pepper sauce, "with garlic sprouts inside, it tastes very fresh."

　　Charcoal looks good, fire looks good, and charcoal says more.

　　There is actually a lot to say here about how to roast the meat so that the diners can stay fragrant.

　　In the traditional barbecue shop of Sasami on Dongsidao Street, the figure of Master Tan Changmiao is busy going in and out, constantly calculating the amount of carbon used, the amount of carbon left and the amount of carbon needed according to the change of passenger flow. Every day from 9 o’clock to work, he has to deal with 100 kilograms of charcoal. In his operation room, a 1.8-meter-high charcoal stove keeps releasing heat and energy. In Master Miao’s view, guests can only eat well if the charcoal is well raised. "My household uses bamboo charcoal, which has less smoke, is resistant to burning and is environmentally friendly." Master Miao said that if the charcoal fire would be tender during lunch time, he would pinch the time to burn charcoal, a little earlier than serving. If at dinner time, most of the charcoal fires are re-melted charcoal, and the fire is stronger, he will hold down the serving and serve charcoal one minute later.

　　Zhao Xingjia’s large pieces of meat are charred according to different roasted products. For ordinary natural roasting, machine-made charcoal is used, and fruit charcoal is used for roasting large pieces of meat, because it can fully roast the sweet smell of fruit wood, continue the original flavor of Qiqihar barbecue and taste better.

　　In Yang Xiaojia’s barbecue bistro, it is normal to be packed. The waiters were so busy that they didn’t touch the ground. Even so, they insisted on barbecue for each table. "In a barbecue shop, giving guests a live barbecue is the process of cooking food, and customers say that we are the real chefs here." A waiter said.

　　Chen Zhaoyi, the operator, said that the consumer group targeted by this store is young people, and the dishes have added the roast meat that young people like at present. "Most guests drink while chatting, so it is difficult to take care of the heat of the roast meat. If too much water evaporates, the meat will send firewood, so we launched a roast service."

　　"Hello, I’m Chen Xiaochun, the barbecuer, and I’m at your service now. First of all, the explosive snowflake meat of our family must be roasted with a net, so that it is close to the charcoal fire, which can quickly lock in the moisture and the roasted meat is fragrant and tender. " After that, Master Chen put a large piece of meat with a thickness of 2 mm on the baking net and snorted. This primitive and violent cooking method repeatedly asked the diners in the summer night, "Are you greedy? Still jealous! " After the juice on the meat was fully poured out and slightly bulged, Master Chen turned the large piece of meat to the other side. After turning it over two or three times repeatedly, the surface of the large piece of meat was brown and cooked. "Enjoy your meal. Call me when you eat mixed meat at home. I’ll help you change the baking tray."

　　"When the charcoal first came up, it was very prosperous. Inexperienced customers sometimes didn’t barbecue first. At this time, the barbecue chef can help customers adjust the baking order so that customers can eat well and have fun. Therefore, the experience of the barbecue chef is very important. " Chen Zhaoyi reminded that barbecue should not always turn over or press the meat with a clip. "Originally, our purpose was to lock the water and make the meat tender. If we always turn over or press the meat, it is easy to press out the original juice, and the roasted meat will be very firewood and hard."

　　Beijing, Nov. 8 (Yao Lu) After the symposium of private enterprises was held, measures to support the development of private economy entered a period of intensive introduction and landing. Recently, the central bank, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the State Administration of Market Supervision, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other departments have voiced their voices and introduced a series of measures to solve the problems faced by private enterprises and support the development of the private economy.

　　Help turn over the "financing mountain"

　　Recently, some private enterprises have encountered many difficulties and problems in their business development. Some private entrepreneurs described it as "three mountains": the iceberg of the market, the mountain of financing and the volcano of transformation.

　　Especially at present, it is urgent to solve the problem of financing difficulty and expensive financing for private enterprises.

　　In this regard, the symposium of private enterprises proposed that priority should be given to solving the problem that private enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, are difficult to get financing or even fail to get financing, and at the same time, the financing cost should be gradually reduced.

　　How to help private enterprises cross the "financing mountain"? Yi Gang, governor of the central bank, said that the central bank is making comprehensive measures together with relevant departments, making full use of the "three arrows" from three main financing channels, supporting private enterprises to broaden financing channels and helping them tide over the difficulties.

　　Among them, the "first arrow" is to further expand the pilot scope of private enterprise bond financing support tools to help more private enterprises obtain financing through the bond market; The second arrow is credit support, that is, comprehensive use of monetary and credit policy tools to guide financial institutions to increase credit supply to private enterprises; The "third arrow" is to study the establishment of equity financing support tools for private enterprises to provide phased equity financing support for private enterprises with financial difficulties.

　　Yi Gang said: We have "real money" policies and measures to help private enterprises and small and micro enterprises solve their practical difficulties. The 300-billion-yuan refinancing and rediscounting quota increased by the People’s Bank of China this year is the introduction of a policy and the guidance of "four to two", and it is also necessary to rely on large banks, joint-stock banks and small and medium-sized financial institutions to lend to private enterprises together.

　　The CSRC said that it organized the exchange bond market to launch a pilot of credit protection tools, explored ways to reduce investors’ concerns about buying private enterprise bonds through credit enhancement tools, and supported private enterprise bond financing. The first batch has launched four credit protection contracts for private enterprises, involving three unlisted private enterprises and one listed private enterprise.

　　Miao Wei, Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will further play the role of the National SME Development Fund, drive local and social funds to expand the scale of equity financing for small and micro enterprises, and expand direct financing channels for more innovative SMEs. At the same time, promote the study and introduction of administrative regulations to prevent large enterprises from defaulting on small and micro enterprises.

　　Strive to break the "triple door" obstacle

　　Some private enterprises reported that "seeing the policy, you can’t enjoy it; Seeing space, you can’t enter; Seeing the opportunity, we can’t grasp it. Some departments are inefficient in doing things for private enterprises, and there are still barriers such as rolling doors, glass doors and revolving doors.

　　How to break the "triple door" barrier? Zhang Mao, director of the State Administration of Market Supervision, said that we should focus on the goal of building a unified national market, improve the competition policy system, adhere to the principle of competition neutrality, and treat all market players equally. Strengthen competition law enforcement, standardize market order and promote fair competition.

　　For example, deepen the reform of the commercial system and focus on "reducing licenses and pressing licenses" to create a more open, transparent and convenient access environment for private enterprises. Since November 10th this year, the first batch of 106 administrative examination and approval items concerning enterprises have been reformed nationwide. According to the direct cancellation of examination and approval, the examination and approval has been changed to filing, the notification commitment has been implemented, the classified management of access services has been optimized, and the "license reduction after taking photos" has been promoted, so that enterprises can enter both the "gate" of the market and the "small door" of the industry.

　　Miao Wei said that in the next step, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will further relax market access and encourage private capital to enter the telecommunications and military industries.

　　Specifically, it includes: First, through the official commercialization of mobile communication resale business, deepen the pilot of broadband access network business, and further guide private capital to enter the basic telecom operation field. The second is to further guide and support private enterprises to participate in the development of integration of defense and civilian technologies.

　　Creating a level playing field has become a major focus of the policy.

　　According to the arrangement put forward by the State Administration of Market Supervision, fair competition review will be fully implemented. Before the end of this year, organize all relevant departments in various regions to complete the self-examination of cleaning up and abolishing the policy documents that hinder the unified market and fair competition, and implement the fair competition review system, and publicize it to the whole society and accept social supervision. At the same time, strengthen anti-monopoly law enforcement. Carry out special rectification actions for public enterprises to restrict competition and monopoly behavior.

　　The Supreme People’s Court said that it is necessary to strengthen the trial of anti-monopoly cases, stop the abuse of monopoly position by market players with dominant market position according to law, and create a unified, open and competitive market environment for the development of private economy.

　　Focus on reducing the burden on enterprises

　　The symposium of private enterprises demanded that the tax burden of enterprises be reduced. We must do a good job in the supply-side structural reform and cost reduction actions, and substantially reduce the burden on enterprises.

　　In terms of specific measures, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security said that it is necessary to reduce the nominal rate of social security contributions according to the actual situation, stabilize the payment method, and ensure that the actual burden of social security contributions of enterprises is substantially reduced.

　　The State Administration of Market Supervision said that government services should be optimized to reduce the burden on enterprises and create a healthy and harmonious development environment for private enterprises.

　　Among them, focusing on the fees charged by enterprises, in-depth rectification of illegal price and fee behavior; Carry out special management of intermediary service charges for administrative examination and approval. We will rectify the "red-top intermediary" according to law, and resolutely correct the situation of disguised approval and illegal charges, which will increase the burden on enterprises.

　　In addition, simplify the certification management unit scientifically and reasonably, reduce the types of certification certificates, guide and urge certification institutions to lower the charging standards, and effectively reduce the burden on enterprises. (End)

[Text/Observer NetworkBlocking open source】 According to the bidding contract signed by the Russian Saturn engine company this year published by the Russian government affairs open website, the company signed two contracts with the Equipment Department of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Military Commission, including a total of 224 D-30KP2 engines, which are scheduled to be delivered before 2020. The contract indicates that the total price of these two contracts is about 657 million US dollars according to the 2010 US dollar exchange rate, with an average price of 3 million US dollars per engine.

Signing a contract with Russia indicates that Yun -20 will enter the stage of mass production.

Screenshots of two contracts posted on the Russian government affairs website.

According to this, it is speculated that most of these engines will be used for the production of Yun -20 strategic transport aircraft and H -6K strategic bomber, in addition to supporting the maintenance of the previously purchased Il -7678 series fleet. According to the Russian network transmission, if the 170 engines in the contract are used for new aircraft, it can at least meet the requirements of manufacturing 40 Yun-20s.

According to the contents of the contract, the Sino-Russian D-30KP2 engine contract was signed in two parts, one of which was 54 engines with a price of 158 million US dollars. According to regulations, 10 units will be delivered in 2017; 12 units delivered in 2018; 12 sets in 2019; 20 in 2020.

The other part is 170 engines at a price of 499 million US dollars. According to regulations, 44 units will be delivered in 2017; 40 sets in 2018; 48 units in 2019; 38 in 2020.

It is reported that China and Russia signed two contracts to purchase D-30KP2 engines in 2009 and 2011, including 55 in 2009 and 184 in 2011. The engines stipulated in the above two contracts shall be delivered before the end of 2015.

At present, China Air Force uses D-30KP2 engines, including Il -76 transport aircraft, Il -78 tanker, H -6K strategic bomber and Yun -20 large transport aircraft newly delivered to the Air Force.

China Air Force acquired more than ten Il-76s from Russia in 1990s. After entering the 21st century, it was once planned to purchase 38 additional Il -76 and Il -78 aircraft from Russia, but because the Russian side could not deliver them, it was finally compensated by D-30KP2 engines. After 2010, China successively obtained about 10 second-hand Il-76s from Russian, Ukrainian and other countries, and continued to serve after renovation and modification.

Using these D-30KP2 engines, China has produced nearly 60 H -6K strategic bombers and equipped its troops, which also met the requirements of the test flight and initial production of Yun -20.

Zhuhai Air Show will show an improved model of Yun -20F-100 transport aircraft with domestic turbofan engine. The fuselage of the aircraft is lengthened and the engine is replaced with domestic turbofan engine.

It is normal for the special aircraft of large transport aircraft to change the engine many times in its life. The picture shows the KC-135E tanker of the US Air Force, which changed the engine model for the first time in the 1980s, from the earliest J57 turbojet engine to TF33 turbofan engine.

In the 21st century, about 136 KC-135 tankers have been replaced by CFM-56 engines, which have doubled the thrust and increased the range by 60% compared with the original J57 engine. Before the new generation KC-46 tankers came into service, they became the best performance tankers of the US Air Force.

At present, in addition to changing the models of engine test platform, aerial tanker and early warning aircraft, the number of Il -76 aircraft undertaking air transport tasks is about 24, which is equivalent to a transport aviation regiment (not fully staffed), and it is far from meeting the demand of China Air Force for strategic delivery capability.

According to the agreement signed with Russia this time, the purchased engines will obviously be used for mass production of new transport aircraft in addition to replacing the engines that have been purchased on the aircraft and need to be replaced. If, as the Russian media said, the first contract of 54 units is mainly used to meet the maintenance of the previously purchased Il -76 and Il -78 fleets, then the remaining 170 engines can meet the requirements of producing 42 Yun -20 aircraft.

Russian D-30KP2 engine

If this goal is achieved, China Air Force’s strategic transport fleet will be completely updated to Yun -20, while the current Il -76 can be changed to Il -78 aerial tanker, making up for the major shortcomings of China Air Force’s lack of tankers at present.

At the same time, a number of Yun -20 aircraft can be changed into airborne early warning aircraft platforms to enhance the strength of China’s early warning aircraft fleet.

This article is an exclusive manuscript of Observer. The content of the article is purely the author’s personal opinion, and does not represent the platform’s view. It shall not be reproduced without authorization, otherwise legal responsibility will be investigated. Pay attention to the observer network WeChat guanchacn and read interesting articles every day.

　　Grandpa’s tea has a taste called home.

　　Lu Yu’s tea is said to be neither famous nor profitable.

　　Grandpa’s tea tastes good.

　　Lu Yu’s tea is like a splash-ink landscape painting.

　　The sandstorm of the Tang dynasty for thousands of years is still blowing.

　　— — Vincent fang and Jay Chou’s Tea Made by Grandpa (Excerpt)

　　When I was young, I listened to "Grandpa’s Tea" sung in the streets and lanes, so I liked to sip the jasmine tea that Grandpa had just brewed. In the sweet tea fragrance, I guessed the appearance of Lu Yu thousands of years ago and wondered whether the landscape-like Tang tea was as elegant and free as him. Until today, I saw a seemingly unremarkable model of white porcelain tea set in the "Ancient China" exhibition hall of China National Museum, and finally understood Lu Yu’s unique, lofty and carefree elegance.

　　White porcelain tea set and Lu Yu statue

　　Five Dynasties (907-— 960)

　　It was unearthed in Tangxian County, Hebei Province.

　　Collected by China National Museum.

　　At present, this set of tea sets is rich in categories, including an air-stove tea pot for boiling tea, a tea mortar for grinding tea powder, a slag bucket for holding tea residue and a tea bottle for ordering tea, and a white porcelain portrait with a long scroll in hand. If you look at it carefully and listen to it, you will find that every little thing seems to be telling the story of tea.

　　Since Lu Yu was born in the world, the world has learned from each other.

　　— — Song Mei Yaochen

　　This set of tea sets is mostly used for decocting tea in Tang Dynasty. What is interesting is this white porcelain portrait. Who is the portrait and why is it put with the tea set? Scholars began to speculate.

　　It is recorded in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Biography of Hermitage: "When you drink tea, you will be worshipped as a tea god when you are in the shape of Tao Yu." It turned out that because of the far-reaching influence of the Book of Tea written by Lu Yu, since the late Tang Dynasty, tea sellers have regarded Lu Yu as a sacrifice to the tea god and also offered a small statue to put in a tea stall. At that time, whenever tea ware was bought to a certain amount, the store would give away a statue of Lu Yu, which was similar to the means of sales promotion of today’s merchants. This figurine was unearthed together with this tea set model, so it is supposed to be Lu Yu, the tea god with the Tea Classic.

　　▲ Lu Yu porcelain statue.

　　Although the tea culture in China has a long history, according to the literature records, early tea may have been used as a food. As a special beverage, it should be no later than the Western Han Dynasty. By the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, tea had once become a luxury drink, which was a symbol of scholar-officials boasting of simplicity.

　　After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, tea became more popular, from the royal family down to the common people, all loved tea, and tasting and discussing tea became a fashion. However, it was not until Lu Yu wrote Tea Classic that tea culture was systematically combed and written. Lu Yu was fascinated by tea art, carefully studied the experience of predecessors in making tea, and constantly summed up the practice, creating a book "Tea Classics".

　　▲ Lu Yu’s "Tea Classic" book shadow.

　　The Book of Tea is divided into three volumes and ten sections, which systematically summarizes the knowledge of the origin, production, utensils and other aspects of tea at that time, setting a precedent for Chinese tea art. With the rapid popularization of the Book of Tea, Chinese people are paying more and more attention to the taste of tea itself, which is more elegant, more exquisite and more ceremonial. The appearance of Tea Classic promoted the prevalence of tea ceremony in Tang and Song Dynasties, and influenced every aspect of politics, economy, culture and life in Tang Dynasty and later generations, becoming one of the three largest tea books in the world.

　　Gong Le Tu is partially anonymous.

　　The painting reflects the elegant scene of tea and drinking by the court ladies in the Tang Dynasty, and the ladies hold it as porcelain tea set of Yueyao.

　　Yueyao green glazed lotus leaf with tea cup

　　Tang (618— 907)

　　Unearthed in Heyi Road, Ningbo City in 1975

　　Collection of Ningbo Museum

　　As soon as the fragrant spring is combined with milk, it is fried to make the beads boil.

　　— — Don Pi Rixiu

　　The way of drinking tea in Tang Dynasty was different from today. Instead of soaking, it was boiled. When drinking tea, first crush the tea cake into tea powder, boil the water from the pot and always pay attention to the boiling degree of the water. When it boils, it will be "seasoned with salt". When it boils, a bowl of water will be filled out, and the tea powder will be put into the pot for boiling. When it boils again, it will be poured back into the pot to "cultivate its beauty". When the tea soup is cooked, share it with everyone and drink it while it is hot. If you want to cook a good pot of tea, it is necessary to have an air furnace and a tea pot. The first words in The Four Instruments of Tea Classic show their importance.

　　▲ "Xiao Yi Earns Lanting Map" (partial) was passed on to Yan Liben in Tang Dynasty.

　　Tea drinking in the Tang Dynasty is elegant, and the temperature of boiling water is quite particular. "The Five Boils of Tea Classics" said: "It boils like a fish’s eye, with a slight sound as one boiling, and the edge of it is like a spring and beads as two boiling, and the waves are three boiling." There are also many descriptions of boiling water in Tang poems, such as "rabbit hair is light and fragrant, and shrimp eye soup is fine and full of waves" (Lv Yan’s Dayun Temple Tea Poetry); Another example is "a fragrant spring with milk, fried and boiled." When you look at the crab’s eyes splashing, you can see the scales rising at first sight "(Pi Rixiu’s" Tea in Tea "). "Shrimp’s Eye", "Crab’s Eye", "Fishes" and "Spring and Beads" describe the appearance of bubbles rising from small to large in the water before boiling, and the water is already boiling when the waves are surging. The vivid description is not as accurate as the thermometer-type numerical expression today, but it is full of vivid poetry and meaningful aftertaste.

　　Gold-plated lotus petal silver saucer

　　Tang (618— 907)

　　In 1957, Pingkangfang site in Tang Chang ‘an City, Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province was unearthed.

　　Collected by China National Museum.

　　The words "Zuo ce makes the house tea storehouse" are engraved in the saucer foot.

　　When I woke up at noon, I only felt the silence of the earth, and the sound of a cup of tea when the new tea was smashed in the bamboo grove.

　　— — Tang Liu Zongyuan

　　The tea mortar in the tea set is shallow and has no glaze on the inner wall, so it should be used for grinding tea powder. In the Tang Dynasty, tea cakes must be crushed into tea powder before they can be decocted in water. Therefore, grinding tools such as mortar, grinding and grinding are essential. Liu Zongyuan, who loves tea, also wrote "Shan Tong knocks on the tea mortar across the bamboo" in My Occasional Works in Summer and Day.

　　▲ Tang Dynasty Yue Kiln Celadon Teapot.

　　In the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the tradition of making tea with tea powder in the Tang Dynasty was continued, and images such as tea mortar were common in poems and murals in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. After the tea-boiling method rose in Ming and Qing dynasties, tea no longer needed grinding and drinking, and the tea mortar slowly withdrew. However, today, many places still retain the tradition of tea smashing, and we can still see the figure of tea mortar in the tools of tea smashing.

　　▲ Gannan Hakka tea.

　　The more common tea grinding tool is the tea mill. "The Four Instruments of Tea Classics" says that "the grinding trough is best made of orange wood, followed by pear wood, Sang Mu, tung wood and zhe wood." Recently, many ceramic tea mills have been discovered in archaeology. It can be seen that in the Tang Dynasty, tea ceremony flourished, and tea mills made of ceramics, wood and stone were more convenient to use and spread.

　　In 1987, the discovery of the underground palace of the Tangta in Famen Temple made the royal treasure that had been treasured for more than 1000 years reappear in the world. A complete set of Tang Dynasty court tea set was unearthed in the underground palace, which is the earliest, highest grade and most complete court tea set known today. In the underground palace, the "Monument to the Clothing Account of the Gifted Props and Gifts of the Real Person" was also unearthed, which recorded in detail the names and other information of the objects to be worshipped, among which there was a set of exquisite grinding tools: the gold-plated flower silver enamel shaft and the gold-plated Hongyan tattooed silver tea trough. The shaft and the tea trough are used in a complete set, and the usage is similar to that of grinding herbs with traditional Chinese medicine today. The shaft is covered with gold-plated flowers and the silver-plated tea trough is covered with gold-plated Hongyan, which is magnificent and represents the highest level at that time.

　　Gold-plated silver ball shaft, gold-plated Hongyan tattoo silver tea trough

　　In 1987, the back room of the Tangta underground palace of Famen Temple in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province was unearthed.

　　Famen Temple Museum

　　The fire in the soup bottle speaks for itself, and the wine lamp is the first to make spring.

　　— — Song Yang Wanli

　　Tea bottles, also known as soup bottles, are used for heating or holding hot water. Tea bottles are generally short-flowing, and may be mixed with holding pots for pouring warm wine at first, and then slowly separated from wine utensils. A porcelain vase unearthed in Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province in the third year of Taihe in the Tang Dynasty (AD 829) was similar in shape to a pot-holding one, with an ink book at the bottom.

　　The words "home tea club bottle" show that at the latest in the middle Tang Dynasty, this kind of holding pot has been used as the exclusive tea bottle for tea sets.

　　Tea bottles were generally not needed when frying tea in the Tang Dynasty, and there was no relevant record in Tea Classic, but it was an indispensable part of tea ordering in the late Tang Dynasty. When ordering tea, first boil water in a bottle, put the tea powder in a bowl, then hold the bottle and pour water into the bowl to make tea, and then blow it properly.

　　Lushan kiln snow ash glaze soup bottle

　　Tang (618— 907)

　　Collected by China National Museum.

　　The process of tea-ordering and water injection is somewhat similar to that of hand-brewing coffee today. When water is injected, it is necessary to control both the water flow speed and the water quantity, and the amount and weight of each water injection are particular. It turned out that the flow of holding the pot was short, and the water quantity and speed were difficult to control, so it was difficult to meet the demand. So the flow began to lengthen slowly, and the volume of the tea bottle gradually decreased, making it lighter and easier to order.

　　According to Mr. Sun Ji’s textual research, the white porcelain tea set and Lu Yu statue in the National Museum of China, the tea bottle and the tea pot came out together, "showing that it was in the period of alternating frying tea and ordering tea". A small tea set, not only let us appreciate the elegant demeanour of fried tea in Tang Dynasty, but also get a glimpse of the rise of tea and feel the continuous development and evolution of China tea culture.

　　Poetry is not tired of pounding fragrant teas, and it is appropriate to listen to elegant plays on the spur of the moment.

　　— — Japan’s Emperor Xie ‘e

　　1500 years ago, with the spread of Chinese culture, tea culture gradually went to the world. In the Tang Dynasty, Japanese monks Zuichi, Konghai and others sailed across the sea, came to China to study culture, and brought China’s tea drinking method and tea seeds back to Japan.

　　Emperor Emei (Hong Ren, year 810-824) admired Chinese culture and loved tea. He not only ordered the planting of tea trees, but also left a poem "Never tire of pounding fragrant teas when reciting poems, but should listen to elegant plays on the spur of the moment". Under the vigorous promotion of Emperor Xie, there appeared a trend of imitating Chinese’s tea tasting among Japanese aristocrats, and later generations called it "Hong Ren Tea Style" because of its year number "Hong Ren". During the Silla period in North China, tea culture was imported in an all-round way, and tea was spread and developed from the upper class, monks and scribes to the people, and tea was planted and made. Tea culture has thus developed into a distinctive feature of East Asian culture.

　　"Liu Yu bubble tea, I heard that fame and fortune don’t take, he took a thin horse in the end of the world. The sandstorm of the Tang Dynasty for thousands of years is still blowing. " In fact, it’s not only the wind and sand that has crossed the Millennium, but also the fragrant tea that Chinese is attached to. Chinese loves tea, its elegant and mellow character, the lingering aftertaste and the lingering smell of home. As Mr. Lin Yutang once wrote, "As long as there is a teapot, Chinese is happy everywhere."

　　About the author:

　　Yang Yue, Ph.D. in history, is an associate researcher at the National Museum of China. He is mainly engaged in exhibition planning and implementation, museum policy research, etc. He has presided over or participated in many key projects of the National Social Science Fund and cultural think tank projects, and has published articles such as Archaeological Observation of the Zodiac Pattern in the Epitaph of Liao Dynasty, Comparative Analysis of the Tombs of Xianbei and Han People in Luoyang Area, and Textual Research on Wuchuan Military and Political Affairs in the Northern Dynasties.

　　Producer | Xiao Jingfang Yang Xinhua

　　Overall planning | Weng Huainan Liang Li

　　Editor | Liang Li Yu Ling

　　Production | Hu Qi