Xinhuanet Beijing, October 23 rd (Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Zhou Tingyu, Zhang Jingyang, Zou Shengwen) People eat for the sky. Sanlu brand infant milk powder incident shocked the world, and also made the draft food safety law in the third trial in the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) more concerned. People are saddened by the "Sanlu incident" and can’t help but ask: What can we use to ensure our most basic need-food safety? Can food safety legislation prevent the "Sanlu incident" from happening again?

　　Liu Xirong, vice chairman of the Law Committee of the National People’s Congress, pointed out on the 23rd that in view of the Sanlu incident, the draft food safety law was revised in eight aspects, so as to prevent and deal with such major food safety accidents from the legal system.

　　Highlight the whole process of supervision and emphasize the responsibilities and communication and cooperation of local governments and departments.

　　The investigation of "Sanlu incident" found that the problem milk powder was caused by the addition of melamine by criminals during the purchase of raw milk. However, after the incident, the "milk station" in the raw milk purchase process was not clearly regulated by which department, and the supervision of the source of milk powder production was a blank.

　　In some places, there are some problems in subsection supervision, such as lax division of labor, multiple law enforcement, unclear responsibilities, and "broken" supervision chain. Therefore, the third draft of the draft food safety law emphasizes the responsibilities of local governments and relevant departments and highlights "full supervision and management", that is, there can be no gaps from the source to the table.

　　The draft stipulates that the local people’s governments at or above the county level shall organize and coordinate the food safety supervision and management in their respective administrative areas, establish and improve the coordination mechanism for food safety supervision and management, and implement the whole process of food safety supervision and management.

　　The local people’s governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with this Law and the provisions of the State Council, determine the food safety supervision and management responsibilities of the health administration, agricultural administration, quality supervision, industrial and commercial administration and food and drug supervision and management departments at the corresponding level. The relevant departments shall be responsible for the supervision and administration of food safety within their respective functions and duties.

　　At the same time, the draft also adds provisions that the above departments should strengthen communication and close cooperation, exercise their functions and powers according to law and assume responsibilities according to their respective division of responsibilities.

　　The person in charge of relevant departments in the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) said that during the second trial of the draft, Committee member the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) suggested that the supervision responsibilities of some local departments were unclear and the cooperation was insufficient, and the system of food safety supervision should be further clarified. After the "Sanlu incident", the whole society has higher requirements for establishing a supervision system that can truly ensure food safety and ensure public health.

　　"In order to truly realize effective supervision and prevent such serious food safety accidents from happening again, we should plug the loopholes in supervision from the legal system and establish a supervision system that is administrative according to law, coordinated and efficient, consistent with powers and responsibilities and clear in accountability." The person in charge said.

　　Control the spread of accidents as soon as possible and strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of food safety risks.

　　According to media reports, as early as March this year, consumers reported the quality problems of Sanlu brand infant milk powder to the relevant departments, but they did not pay enough attention to it. It was not until September that they began to deal with it as a problem. The failure of the early warning mechanism is one of the major problems exposed by the Sanlu incident.

　　Liu Xirong said that in order to facilitate the timely detection of potential safety hazards in food and take corresponding management measures to deal with them, the third draft of the Food Safety Law added provisions to strengthen food safety risk monitoring and assessment:

　　-the State Council agricultural administration, quality supervision, industrial and commercial administration and the State Food and Drug Administration and other relevant departments shall immediately notify the health administrative department of the State Council after learning the information about food safety risks. After verifying the information, the health administrative department of the State Council shall timely adjust the food safety risk monitoring plan.

　　—— If the health administrative department of the State Council City finds that there may be potential safety hazards in food through food safety risk monitoring or receiving reports, it shall immediately conduct inspection according to law and conduct food safety risk assessment.

　　Relevant persons pointed out that in food safety supervision, the risk monitoring and evaluation of food safety is a front-end system, which is a technical and basic system to prevent food safety accidents. This is also a relatively common system in the world.

　　This draft emphasizes in particular that, after learning the information of food safety risks, the health department should adjust the risk monitoring plan in time to monitor the signs of risks; At the same time, it emphasizes the seamless connection between risk monitoring, risk assessment and follow-up inspection system.

　　According to the requirements of the draft, once food hidden dangers are discovered, measures should be taken immediately, and they cannot be left unchecked. "If the early warning system can play an effective role, the food safety problem in Sanlu will not spread to such a serious extent and cause such a big loss." The person concerned said.

　　Strengthen the revision and use supervision of food additive standards

　　Melamine is a slightly toxic chemical raw material, not a food additive, but it has been added to dairy products by criminals. Inadequate monitoring of illegal use of additives and the addition of illegal substances is one of the important reasons leading to the Sanlu incident.

　　In order to prevent the irregular use and abuse of food additives and ensure the safety of food sources, the third draft of the Food Safety Law has made corresponding provisions on the production and operation, catalogue scope, use and label of food additives. Among them, two special provisions have been added:

　　-The administrative department of health of the State Council shall, according to the results of food safety risk assessment, revise the standards of varieties, scope of use and dosage of food additives in a timely manner, and only those that have been proved to be safe and reliable and technically necessary after risk assessment can be included in the permitted range of food additives.

　　-Food producers shall use food additives in accordance with the provisions of food safety standards on the varieties, application scope and dosage of food additives, and shall not use chemicals other than food additives or other substances harmful to human health in food production.

　　Relevant persons believe that the supervision of food additives is an important aspect of the revision of the draft food safety law. According to the new regulations, even harmless substances are not listed in the catalogue and are not allowed to be added to food.

　　Perfecting the food recall system and emphasizing the responsibility of the government in the recall

　　Since March this year, Sanlu Group has received some complaints from consumers suffering from urolithiasis, and the group has also carried out some investigations, but failed to take effective measures in time, which led to the expansion of the situation. It was not until September that Sanlu Group recalled some market products and sealed the products that had not yet left the warehouse.

　　According to the provisions of the second draft of the Food Safety Law, food recall is an independent behavior of enterprises, and enterprises should take the initiative to recall their own food when they find something wrong. When a sales operator finds a problem, he shall immediately notify the producer to recall it.

　　In this regard, some members of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) suggested that the implementation of the food recall system should not only rely on enterprises’ consciousness, but also emphasize the responsibility of the government. In the case that enterprises do not take the initiative to recall, the government should order enterprises to recall unqualified food.

　　To this end, on the basis of stipulating that enterprises should take the initiative to recall and deal with the problem products, the third draft of the draft has added the stipulation that enterprises should report the food recall and treatment to the quality supervision department at or above the county level.

　　The draft also emphasizes the responsibility of the government in the recall. The draft stipulates that if food producers and business operators fail to recall or stop operating foods that do not meet food safety standards in accordance with the provisions of this law, the quality supervision and industrial and commercial administrative departments at or above the county level may order them to recall or stop operating.

　　The draft also makes relevant provisions on the recall system in the chapter on the handling of food safety accidents, requiring the health administrative department at or above the county level to promptly investigate and deal with the relevant agricultural administration, quality supervision, industrial and commercial administration and food and drug supervision and management departments after receiving the report of food safety accidents, and order food producers and operators to recall, stop business and destroy the food and its raw materials that are confirmed to be contaminated according to regulations.

????Abolish the system of exemption from inspection and strengthen food inspection

????Sanlu group was once the largest milk powder producer in China, and Sanlu milk powder was once one of the assured products announced by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and it was also a product exempt from inspection. But this "Sanlu incident" just shows that exemption from inspection is not equal to safety, and the failure of inspection means will bring serious consequences.

????Therefore, it is clearly stipulated in the third draft of the Food Safety Law that the food safety supervision and management department shall not exempt the food from inspection, and legalize the previous measures of abolishing the inspection exemption in the State Council.

????The draft also stipulates that quality supervision, industry and commerce administration and food and drug supervision and administration departments at or above the county level shall conduct regular or irregular sampling inspection of food.

????Relevant persons said that food inspection is an important part of food safety, and the regulatory authorities cannot give up their responsibilities. In the face of quality and safety, big and small brands should be treated equally, and the supervision of big brands should be even stricter, because the greater the influence of brand products, the more people will be affected.

????Food safety standards should be based on ensuring public health.

????It is understood that China’s current food safety standards include agricultural product quality and safety standards, food hygiene standards, food quality standards and some industry standards.

????In view of the phenomenon of non-uniform standards, some members of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) proposed that the draft food safety law should clearly define the basic principles for formulating food safety standards. To this end, the third draft of the draft stipulates that food safety standards should be formulated with the aim of ensuring public health, and the content should be scientific, reasonable, safe and reliable.

????According to the draft food safety law, the health administrative department of the State Council will be responsible for formulating and publishing uniform and mandatory food safety standards.

????Relevant persons pointed out that the above provisions can prevent the standards from fighting with each other on the one hand, and avoid some standards that have no effect on ensuring food safety on the other. According to reports, some existing regulations, such as steamed bread must be round and the diameter of Yuanxiao must be several centimeters, have no effect on food safety.

????Strengthen the supervision of small food workshops and vendors

????In this "Sanlu incident", some large dairy enterprises have developed rapidly in production scale, and their own milk sources are difficult to meet production, so they buy a large number of milk sources from farmers and retail investors, which makes the quality difficult to supervise.

????Not only in the dairy industry, but also in the whole food industry, a large number of scattered food workshops and vendors are the places with the most hidden dangers of food safety accidents.

????The draft food safety law has stipulated that the state shall implement a licensing system for food production and operation. However, food production enterprises above designated size account for about 25% of the total number of production enterprises in China, and small food workshops account for the majority, which cannot be extended by the licensing system. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen daily supervision and management to ensure food safety.

????Some members of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) suggested that the draft food safety law should clarify that the government should strengthen supervision over small food workshops and vendors.

????Therefore, in the third draft of the Food Safety Law, the relevant provisions were revised as follows: small food production and processing workshops and food vendors engaged in food production and marketing activities should meet the food safety requirements stipulated in this Law that are appropriate to the scale and conditions of their production and marketing, and ensure that the food they produce and market is hygienic, non-toxic and harmless, and the relevant departments should strengthen supervision and management. The specific management measures shall be formulated by the standing committees of the people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in accordance with this Law.

??? Emphasize the reporting system and improve the handling mechanism of food safety accidents

????The reporting system has relatively perfect provisions in many laws, including the Emergency Response Law, and even stipulates how many hours the report must be carried out. However, the relevant parties in the "Sanlu incident" did not implement this system.

????In order to solve this problem, the third draft of the draft food safety law specifically reiterated the reporting system: units that have food safety accidents should be disposed of immediately to prevent the accidents from expanding. The accident unit and the unit receiving the patient for treatment shall report to the county health administrative department where the accident occurred in time.

????The draft also clearly pointed out that the food safety supervision department should immediately notify the health administrative department when it finds or receives a report of food safety accidents. In the event of a major food safety accident, the health administrative department shall report it step by step according to the regulations. No unit or individual may conceal, falsely report or delay reporting food safety accidents, and may not destroy relevant evidence.

????According to the provisions of the draft, the people’s governments at or above the county level should set up a food safety accident handling command organization and start an emergency plan; If food safety accidents involving more than two provinces are involved, the administrative department of health of the State Council shall organize an accident responsibility investigation.

????The draft food safety law clearly stipulates the accountability system. The draft stipulates that those who cause personal, property or other damage shall be liable for compensation according to law, and those who constitute a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

　

　　Bio-agriculture refers to a new industry formed by using modern biotechnology to carry out subversive technological breakthroughs, develop core products with market competitiveness, integrate technologies and products, and provide technical and material support for agricultural production around the key links of the whole industrial chain, such as animal and plant variety breeding, health protection and high-efficiency nutrition. Bio-agriculture is divided into animal and plant seed industry, animal and plant health industry and animal and plant nutrition industry, which is a strategic and basic core industry of the country.

　　During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, significant breakthroughs were made in the research and development of high-efficiency large-scale genetic transformation technologies such as cotton, rice, corn, soybeans, wheat, cows and pigs. The market value of crop seed industry reached 111.3 billion yuan, and the market value of livestock and poultry aquaculture seed industry reached 322.6 billion yuan, ranking second in the world. Leading enterprises in seed industry have begun to appear, and a number of leading enterprises in crop seed industry and leading enterprises in livestock and poultry seed industry have been formed, and the market share of the top 50 crop seed industries has increased to over 30%. The amount and output of livestock and poultry aquaculture are among the highest in the world. At present, the average annual output value of feed enzyme preparation reaches 2 billion yuan, and more than 150 excellent functional strains of bio-fertilizer have been used, making it the highest in the world. China can produce more than 500 kinds of pesticides. The total market value of biological feed industry reaches 18 billion yuan per year, and it is increasing at an average annual rate of 20%.

　　First, the two-line method has made a major breakthrough in the utilization technology of crop heterosis, ranking the international leading level.

　　Breeding techniques such as heterosis utilization, molecular breeding, distant hybridization, somatic cell culture, ploidy breeding and mutation breeding of main crops in China have been continuously upgraded, integrated and innovated, forming a relatively complete breeding technology system. Great progress has been made in the breeding technology of mid-season indica hybrid rice in the Yangtze River valley, which has overcome the technical problem of narrow genetic basis for the utilization of traditional heterosis of rice, and the yield per mu of the cultivated hybrid rice "Y Liangyou No.2" has reached 926.6 kg. A new type of Honglian cytoplasmic male sterile rice was created by early distant hybridization between Honglian wild rice and farmer variety Liantang, and the mechanism of Honglian cytoplasmic male sterility was found out, which solved the important scientific problem of fertility restoration of Honglian strong dominant sterile line, established the breeding technology system of Honglian hybrid rice and created a number of Honglian strong dominant hybrid rice. After more than 40 years of success in three-line hybrid rice, China’s original "Research and Application of Two-line Hybrid Rice Technology" won the National Science and Technology Progress Award in 2013. The technical system of China two-line hybrid wheat has realized the material discovery, theoretical establishment, technical breakthrough and industrial application, laying a foundation for the large-scale popularization of hybrid wheat. A number of strong heterosis rice hybrids Liaoyou 9906 and Luxiang 658, strong heterosis wheat hybrid Chuanmai 59, strong heterosis cotton hybrids Zhongmiansuo 86 and Zhongmiansuo 84, and strong heterosis corn Longdan 62 increased their yield by more than 15% in the regional test. The research and application of heterosis of main crops in China is generally in the leading position in the world.Especially, rice, rape, cotton and wheat are the most prominent in the utilization of heterosis in large areas and the creation of hybrid breeding system.

　　Two, to create a number of breakthrough varieties, to ensure national food security and effective supply of agricultural products to provide effective support.

　　During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, more than 3,100 new varieties have been selected and approved in China, and 1.5 billion mu have been extended to the main producing areas. In 2014, Y Liangyou 900, a hybrid rice with strong dominance, set a world record with a large area yield of 1,026.7 kg, and achieved the breeding goal of 1,000 kg per mu in the fourth phase of super rice in China. Longjing 31, a new super rice variety, has high yield, high rice yield, outstanding large-scale production performance and great development potential, and has been popularized for 7.66 million mu. The soybean variety Zhonghuang 13 set a high yield record of 312.4 kg per mu in Huang-Huai-Hai area. Thirty-seven excellent varieties were newly bred by molecular breeding technology, including new rice varieties Wufengyou 615, Guangliangyou 272, Ningjing 3, Zhongdao No.1, F You 498, and new wheat variety Zhongmai 175. The breeding of Jingfen No.2, Dawufen No.1 and grain-saving laying hens has greatly increased the market share of domestic laying hens, and the market share of domestic laying hens has exceeded 50%. The lean Z-type Peking Duck has been transferred to leading enterprises such as Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group and Inner Mongolia Safiya Group, with a direct economic benefit of 8 million yuan, accounting for about 40% of the national large-scale meat ducks.

　　Third, an efficient breeding technology system was constructed, which improved the overall breeding level of agriculture, forestry, animals and plants in China.

　　The combination of new breeding technology and traditional breeding methods has accelerated the breeding process of agriculture, forestry, animals and plants and achieved remarkable results. The creation of high-frequency maize induction lines and the establishment of haploid automatic identification technology have achieved the breakthrough and large-scale application of the core technology of haploid breeding of strong heterosis maize hybrids in China. A new "rod-shaped" mutant germplasm suitable for high-density planting and mechanical harvesting was found in rapeseed, which provided material support for rape breeding and mechanized production with strong heterosis and plant type, and had a breakthrough significance for rape plant type breeding and planting system reform. Important progress has been made in the development of crop molecular breeding technology. 137 genes with great breeding value such as insect resistance, disease resistance, stress resistance, herbicide resistance, ideal plant type and high yield have been cloned and applied to variety molecular improvement. It is worth pointing out that scientists in China have cloned a number of functional genes with important application prospects in rice breeding, including yield trait genes GS3, GW2, GW8, GS5, Ghd7, GN4, indica-japonica wide compatibility gene S5, photosensitive sterile gene pms3, tillering control gene TE, dwarf gene D53, drought-resistant and salt-tolerant genes SKC1, SNAC1, and pest-resistant genes Xa13, SnaC1.A number of functional genes with important breeding value, such as Bph14, Bph27, Pigm, EPSP synthase, IPA1 and DEP1, have been widely used, and the research on rice gene cloning is leading in the world. In 2014-2015, there were 16 important rice gene cloning papers published in top international journals, including 11 in China, accounting for 69%. 628 functional molecular markers were obtained, and 57 new materials were resistant to diseases and insect pests. Efficient molecular marker-assisted breeding technology was established, in which the efficiency of molecular breeding for chronic diseases of wheat was improved by three times. The 6K and 60K rice genome-wide breeding chips invested and developed by Zhongzhong Group are the first rice genome-wide breeding chips in the world, which have three advantages: covering the whole genome with marker sites, accurately selecting intermediate materials and shortening the breeding cycle, and will lead a revolutionary upgrade in the field of rice variety cultivation and quality inspection in China. A number of maize haploid induction lines with an induction rate of more than 8% were developed, the doubling technique was optimized, and a practical and efficient maize haploid breeding technology system was established and applied to breeding practice. The mechanism and mode of mutation induced by space environment and ground simulated space environment elements are expounded, and a new system of space engineering breeding technology of "continuous selection and directional tracking screening of multi-generation mixed lines" is established. The design of ground simulated space mutation target room and sample processing procedures such as high-energy mixed particle irradiation and physical field treatment were optimized, and the technical methods of ground simulated space environment mutation breeding were improved.Continue to improve the microspore culture technology of cabbage and Chinese cabbage, the somatic cell fusion technology of cabbage and mustard, and the anther culture technology system of pepper, and establish the microspore culture, somatic cell fusion and anther culture technology system. Haploid induction, space mutation breeding, conventional breeding and heterosis utilization were combined to create 210 specific new germplasm on corn, rice, wheat, cotton, vegetables and other crops. Important progress has been made in the construction of high-generation breeding parents and polyploid breeding technology for forest and fruit trees, which has significantly shortened the breeding cycle. In animal breeding, a fast and accurate new method for estimating the breeding value of TA-BLUP genome and a strategy for genome selection of low-density SNP chip are proposed. A high-density SNP chip genotyping data analysis platform with independent intellectual property rights was established, in which the accuracy of marine biological typing was improved by 20% compared with the international level. A molecular and cell breeding technology system based on genome-wide selection and embryo engineering technology has been established, which has been initially applied to the breeding of dairy cows and breeding pigs, marking that China dairy cattle breeding technology ranks among the world’s breeding powers.

　　Fourth, the innovation ability of germplasm resources has been significantly improved, providing an important genetic basis for variety breeding.

　　Through collaborative research, China has more than 470,000 agricultural germplasm resources, ranking second in the world, and 15,000 excellent germplasm resources have been identified and screened. The innovation of rice germplasm is leading in the world, the innovation of wheat germplasm with high yield and disease resistance is advanced in the world, and the innovation of maize germplasm has been significantly improved. A database of "molecular identity cards" for crop germplasm has been initially established, including about 30,000 copies of rice, wheat and corn, ranking among the top in the world. The technical regulations, data standards and data control norms for the identification of more than 150 crop germplasm resources were formulated, and the basic agronomic traits of 100% germplasm resources preserved in germplasm banks, nurseries and test-tube seedling banks were identified, and the resistance, stress resistance and quality characteristics of more than 30% stock resources were evaluated. Aiming at the main crops such as rice, wheat, corn, soybean, cotton and rape, a phenotypic accurate identification model with multi-point and efficient data collection has been established for many years, and the identification methods and standards of urgently needed breeding traits such as disease and insect resistance, stress resistance, quality, high nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency and suitability for mechanized operation have been developed, and a few traits have been accurately identified for about 2,000 germplasm resources. An accurate genotyping model based on SNP chip and resequencing technology was established, and the technique of mining important trait genes in germplasm resources by using association analysis technology was gradually popularized and applied in rice, wheat and corn. The description specification, data standard and data quality control specification of main crop germplasm resources were developed, and the database group of crop germplasm resources in China with a total data of 300GB was establishedA series of crop germplasm resources application software systems, such as "China Crop Germplasm Resources Information System (CGRIS)", have realized the information management of crop germplasm resources and the service of sharing materials and information.

　　By means of distant hybridization and induced mutation, the genetic basis of crops will be broadened, and a number of wheat germplasm resources will be created, including new excellent materials with common ice, many flowers and many fruits, new materials for transferring local varieties with high pre-harvest sprouting resistance in Sichuan, new materials for solid lodging-resistant wheat, innovation of parents with resistance to big spike and early maturity, creation and identification of dwarf wheat/Elytrigia elongata translocation lines, creation and identification of new powdery mildew-resistant wheat/rye translocation lines, and dwarf wheat. A number of backbone parent materials Zhou 8425B, Lumai 14, common wheat-tufted wheat 6VS/6AL translocation line and common ice line were created and effectively utilized. It has played an important role in national wheat breeding and become a new backbone parent; 6VS/6AL translocation line, a distant disease-resistant parent of common wheat, is highly resistant to powdery mildew and stripe rust, and has good agronomic characters. Fifteen varieties such as Shimai 14 and Young Mai 18 have been bred as parents. Chuanmai 42 and Chuanmai 47 bred from synthetic wheat have been widely popularized in southwest China. Pubing 3504 and Pubing 3228, new germplasm with many flowers and grains, began to play a role in the cultivation of new wheat varieties.

　　Through cell engineering, transgenic technology and other technologies, fish germplasm innovation ranks in the forefront of the world. Genetic resources with disease resistance, rapid growth and high quality have been obtained. At present, there are only a few families of genetically modified economic fish with stable inheritance in the world. China has successfully bred homozygotes and their families with completely independent intellectual property rights, with fast growth and high feed conversion efficiency. Disease-resistant grass carp was produced on a large scale by crossing gynogenetic grass carp with common grass carp. From 2011 to 2015, 600 million disease-resistant grass carp fry were demonstrated and popularized, which produced remarkable economic and social benefits.

　　Five, a major breakthrough was made in the research of functional genes of animals and plants, which effectively supported the development of animal and plant breeding technology.

　　China took the lead in constructing the whole genome sequence frame map of rice, wheat A and D chromosomes, cotton, rape, cucumber, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, watermelon, etc., and resequenced many crops, identified a number of important genome segments and developed related molecular markers, constructed the ultra-high density genetic map of major crops, and promoted the exploration of important genes such as pest resistance, stress resistance, high quality and high yield of major crops such as rice and wheat. Based on the research platforms of functional genomics, proteomics and metabonomics, the molecular basis of yield, plant type, quality, resistance and fertility of rice, wheat, corn, cotton, rape and cucumber was preliminarily analyzed, and the method and theoretical basis of variety improvement were innovated. A stable and efficient TILLING molecular mutation breeding platform for rice and wheat was established. Using the new generation DNA sequencing technology, the method of Qualcomm quantitative genotype identification was first developed, and the rapid location of quantitative trait QTLs of Qualcomm quantity based on sequencing was realized. Compared with the molecular marker widely used at present, it is 20 times faster and 35 times more accurate. A new breakthrough has been made in gene expression regulation technology, and the technical system of CRISPR/Cas9 genome fixed-point editing of plants and animals has been established for the first time, and it has been successfully applied to rice and wheat.

　　In the field of agricultural animals, the genome sequencing of oysters, carp, grass carp, Beijing duck and other animals was completed, and the first fine sequence map and high-density variation map of oysters, carp, grass carp, duck and cashmere goat were constructed, which promoted the evolution and functional genome research of shellfish, fish and waterfowl; The revelation of duck immune genetic mechanism laid a theoretical foundation for poultry disease-resistant breeding. Complete the comparative genome sequencing of Tibetan pigs and Rongchang pigs, establish a joint analysis platform of agricultural animal transcriptomics and proteomics, and a platform for disease resistance gene mining and molecular marker selection and evaluation, and identify a number of functional genes of important economic traits of pigs, cattle and sheep. Breaking through the bottleneck of sequencing technology with high complexity of marine invertebrate genome, the oyster genome sequence was obtained, which initially revealed the molecular mechanism of network regulation for oyster to maintain homeostasis in vivo. In the field of fruits and flowers, the world’s first genome sequence splicing and annotation of Dangshan crisp pear, sweet orange and Phyllostachys pubescens was completed, and the first fine genome map of plum blossom was constructed. These research results have been published in the top international journals Nature and Nature Genetics, which indicates that China has made a major breakthrough in gene resource mining and reached the international advanced level.

　　Six, the development of bio-agriculture Industry-University-Research tube combination mode runs efficiently.

　　During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, we will further improve and establish a variety of fruitful bio-agricultural collaborative research development models that closely combine the "Industry-University-Research Management". In the past five years, the top 15 varieties of food crops have been almost all the results of joint research by major superior scientific research units, universities and enterprises. The research, development and popularization of maize variety Zhengdan 958 and wheat variety Aikang 58 are successful models. The wheat variety Bainong Aikang 58, which won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress in 2013, was jointly developed by Henan Institute of Science and Technology and five companies, including Henan Zhongzhong Lianfeng Seed Industry, and built a "chief+core" achievement popularization model. The breeder and variety right unit are the "chief experts and chief extension units" for achievement transformation, responsible for ensuring the original seed and supporting technologies, and five major companies, including Henan Zhongzhong Lianfeng Seed Industry and Henan Huafeng Seed Industry, are the "core extension enterprises". Regional responsibility has increased the popularization speed by 8-10 times compared with the traditional model, and the annual maximum planting area has reached more than 43 million mu, which has become a successful example of rapid transformation of wheat scientific research results. In animals, a commercial breeding model combining Industry-University-Research was initially formed. For example, the cultivation of high-quality layers "Jingfen, Jinghong" is a long-term cooperation between Beijing Yukou Poultry Industry Co., Ltd. and China Agricultural University. South China Agricultural University and Guangdong Wenshi Food Group have successfully cultivated and popularized Huanong Wenshi No.1 pig mating line, with a scale of more than 10 million pigs.

　　Seven, the innovation ability of bio-agricultural enterprises has improved significantly.

　　The application of new frontier technologies in biological breeding, the construction of variety test system and the application of information management system of breeding data have greatly improved the commercial breeding ability of seed enterprises, and the cultivation ability of breakthrough new varieties has been significantly improved. Driven by the scientific and technological innovation of global seed industry, the development mode of biological seed industry in China has undergone revolutionary changes, and the standardization and specialization of seed production and the commercialization rate of seeds have been greatly improved; The independent innovation ability of enterprises has been significantly enhanced, and a number of leading enterprises and scientific and technological enterprises with integrated education, reproduction and promotion have developed rapidly; The concentration of seed industry has been continuously improved. At present, the market share of the top 50 enterprises in crop seed industry has increased to 32.8%. The market value of crop seed industry in China reached 111.3 billion yuan, livestock and poultry seed industry reached 322.6 billion yuan, both ranking second in the world, and the market value of forest seed industry was estimated to reach 200 billion yuan. Longping Hi-Tech Seed Industry established Longping Hi-Tech Seed Industry Science Research Institute on the basis of Hunan Yahua Seed Industry Science Research Institute, and established an enterprise-oriented and market-oriented group independent research and development system. Relying on the two-line hybrid rice variety breeding technology developed by Academician Yuan Longping and other teams, a number of hybrid rice varieties with independent intellectual property rights, such as Fengliangyou No.1 and Xinliangyou No.6, with a cumulative promotion area of more than 10 million mu, have been successfully bred through the extensive application of the joint research mode of science and enterprise. At the same time, a number of leading enterprises with integrated breeding, breeding and promotion with strong independent research and development capabilities, such as Longping Hi-Tech, Fengle Seed Industry and Golden Nonghua, have also been cultivated.

　　Enterprises such as Zhongzhong Group and Denghai Seed Industry take the research and industrialization of excellent new varieties such as Jingke 968 as the common interest point, and the research and development consortium of new corn varieties in Beijing National Modern Agricultural Science and Technology City, which is jointly established by superior scientific research units, not only promotes the rapid popularization of varieties, but also ensures the stable performance growth of enterprises. Shandong Luyan Company cooperated with Crop Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences to promote the wheat variety Jimai 22, which not only created huge economic benefits, but also made Shandong Luyan develop into one of the largest professional wheat seed enterprises in China.

　　The agglomeration effect of seed industry innovation elements in biological seed industry enterprises is prominent, and the independent innovation and biological service capabilities of enterprises are rapidly improved. For example, Huada Gene has integrated a large platform from genome to gene mining to molecular breeding, and has accumulated more than 20,000 genome data of agricultural species, with more than 80% of global agricultural genome data; In the aspect of gene mining, relying on the Qualcomm genotyping platform of Huada Gene, more than 300 important agronomic/economic trait control sites have been obtained, and the annual throughput of the platform has reached more than 1000 genes; In molecular breeding, it has been possible to obtain new varieties quickly in two years and five generations, and more than 15 new strains and varieties have been obtained. Based on Qualcomm quantitative genome sequencing and information analysis, BGI genome-wide molecular breeding technology platform uses high-density genetic map rapid construction and trait-related gene location, uses conventional breeding methods of hybridization and backcross, and uses genome-wide high-density molecular markers to carry out precise selection breeding of excellent individual plants, which will break through the bottleneck of long period, poor predictability and low selection efficiency of traditional breeding, and make rapid, efficient and controllable precise breeding methods possible, with great potential for popularization and application.

　　In addition, Zhongyu Jinbiao (Beijing) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which was jointly established by eight corn enterprises with the core of Beidahuang Kenfeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd. and Chinese jade enterprises, and Huazhi Rice Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which was jointly founded by 12 influential seed companies in China rice seed industry, including Longping Hi-Tech, Shennong Dafeng, Fengle Seed Industry and Zhongzhong Group, applied molecular breeding to serve seed enterprises to create the market in the shortest time.

　　Eight, the rapid development of bio-agricultural industrialization has improved the ability of food security in China.

　　Driven by the strategic emerging industry policy and a series of special projects, the national biological seed industry enterprises have achieved initial results in integrating the existing regional seed resources, innovating the seed industry development model, promoting the integration of breeding, reproduction and promotion, and enhancing the sustainable development capability of China biological breeding industry. The corn varieties Demeiya No.1 and No.3, which were bred and approved by the Northern Wilderness Kenfeng Seed Industry and the superior science and education units, have the characteristics of early maturity, high quality, high yield, disease resistance, density tolerance, lodging resistance and suitability for mechanized harvesting, and have created new breakthroughs in corn planting in cold, high latitude and cold areas, in planting density, in the yield of early-maturing varieties and in cultivation measures. The industrialization of these varieties is 100 billion Jin of grain in Heilongjiang Province. Shandong Luyan Company planted 42 million mu of wheat varieties in and out of the province with this special promotion, increasing production by 840 million kg and increasing social benefit by 1.76 billion yuan. While promoting farmers to increase production and income, it is of great significance to improve the national wheat production capacity, break the threat of foreign seed industry to China’s domestic market and ensure national food security.

　　Modern biological seed industry is a complete industrial chain, including germplasm innovation, variety breeding, seed production, seed processing and seed marketing. The essence of seed industry competition is the competition of scientific and technological innovation strength, and the focus of competition has expanded from varieties to genetic resources and patented technology. First of all, how to combine traditional biological breeding with modern biotechnology has become the key to establish the scientific and technological innovation system of seed industry. It is necessary to persistently promote the project of improving biological breeding ability, accelerate the creation of new breeding materials and the improvement of existing breeding resources, and realize the industrial upgrading and transformation of crop breeding from traditional empirical breeding to scientific and precise breeding. Secondly, continue to promote the upgrading project of R&D infrastructure, further supplement and improve the facilities and equipment of commercial breeding system, strengthen the scientific and information construction of variety testing points, build and form a crop breeding system in the whole ecological region, and support the rapid development of commercial breeding R&D; Third, we should further explore new ideas of utilizing and integrating the superior resources of existing scientific and educational institutions, promote the creation and industrialization of major new varieties, speed up the creation of new varieties and popularize the research of key technologies, enhance the innovation and industrialization capabilities of major varieties of enterprises, accelerate the upgrading of new varieties of national biological breeding and the upgrading of modern seed industry, and continuously enhance the driving force of bio-agricultural industry to support national economic and social development.

　　Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)

　　Liu luxiang

　　

　　Heilongjiang Daily, June 15th Qiqihar people are famous for their sharp mouths, and the meaty feeling in their mouths is not good at all. To this end, the major barbecue shops in Qiqihar have racked their brains to "practice hard work", the stores have been continuously upgraded, and the dishes have been iteratively innovated … But no matter how they are changed or changed, the TOP-rated famous shops on the top list of barbecue rivers and lakes have always been red for decades. These owners of Qiqihar Treasure Barbecue Store say that high standards, high quality and high service are the foundation of their career, and they have won the trust of more and more repeat customers, repeat customers and permanent customers.

　　The meat is so selective. Choose that piece of meat.

　　Good meat is the greatest strength of all Qiqihar barbecue shops. Beef cattle such as Holstein and Angus, which grew up eating natural grass, have no smell at all.

　　"When we served meat, we had to queue up at the wholesale point in the early hours of the morning, just to wait for the good meat that we were thinking about. Now the quality of beef in Qiqihar has been greatly improved, and there are more meat shops, which can be more selective. I called the meat shop the night before to tell me to leave the meat and specify the tender part in the middle. " Cao Hongli, the owner of Hanyuan’s large piece of meat, said that the standard of her meat selection is to choose the fat as much as possible. Cut it from the middle to see if the snowflakes are seeping from the inside out. If there are no snowflakes inside, it will definitely not be fragrant when baked. "The ratio of fat to thin is best to open in 37 or 46."

　　Meris’s large piece of meat is a unique barbecue food in Qiqihar, and Zhao Xingjia’s large piece of meat is a well-known local old shop, and its boss is also the founder of Meris Village’s original large piece of meat. Gao Ying, the person in charge of the store, told the reporter that this store has been open for 18 years, and the biggest secret is the good meat. "The boss personally chooses the meat every day, and every piece of meat has to pass through his hand. He said that this meat can only be used." The four or five suppliers we cooperated with all knew that Zhao Xingjia’s boss was "too busy" to be fooled, and the meat he sent was also carefully selected Angus pure anhydrous prime beef. "I don’t care about the cost of meat at home. One kind of meat never uses the second kind, and the expensive one never uses the cheap one. Our philosophy is to give consumers the best meat." Gao Ying said that she must use the first seven rib fans at home, and the upper brain is to remove the essence at both ends. "It is never too troublesome to pick it every day."

　　How to choose meat? Boss Zhao Changzhi smiled and told the reporter that he didn’t understand it when he first opened the barbecue shop. He learned a lot of meat-watching skills from others. "Put the meat on the plate to see if there is water, whether it will fall off when picked up, and then look at the texture and color. The texture of good meat is particularly beautiful like a landscape painting." Zhao Changzhi said that high-quality beef feels sticky, elastic, greasy and thick, and it won’t come loose. Now he has been doing it for almost 20 years, and he has trained a pair of "eagle" eyes. You can tell whether the meat is good or not as soon as you take a look.

　　These experts told reporters that before choosing meat, they usually have to "smell and ask" in the butcher shop, smell the smell of milk in the house, and ask the cows about the number of days of grain feeding. "If the cows don’t reach the number of days, the meat is not fat enough and the taste is not fragrant." Zhao Changzhi said. It is generally acknowledged that veal that has been slaughtered for more than 900 days is the best. It feels tight and not soft, like human muscles have a sense of resilience.

　　Famous shops and big stores use good meat, and this business philosophy inspires and drives all barbecue shops in the region. Because good meat has a passenger flow, repeat customers and a long-lasting fire.

　　The sauce is good and the dip is secret.

　　Hanyuan meat is one of the oldest treasures in Qiqihar. It has been opened for more than 20 years and has always been famous for its special Korean sauce and homemade dip. "The peers are competing to imitate, but it is either salty or light, and Hanyuan sauce has never been surpassed."

　　Cao Hongli, the boss, said that she had run a fish pot for some time before opening a large piece of meat in Hanyuan. "My mother and sister-in-law are both Koreans. I have been exposed to many traditional Korean foods since I was a child, and the hot sauce used when opening a fish pot is very popular." On one occasion, she ate at a barbecue shop opened by a Korean in Dalian, and watched people roast with raw meat dipped in sauce. When she came back, she thought about it and developed her own sauce with the memory of the tip of her tongue, which was used in the operation of the barbecue shop. "The sauces were all cooked by ourselves. In Qiqihar, only my family dared to soak and dip the raw meat in the sauce before roasting."

　　How can Korean barbecue get less hot sauce dip! In the seasoning area of the store, there are no less than 20 kinds of boiled wet materials and fried dry materials, which fill the whole display table. "We cooked twenty-seven or eight kinds of dip at most, and there are still several kinds that haven’t come up yet!" Cao Hongli said that Koreans are born to be masters of pickles, and there are chefs who specialize in making sauces and dipping materials once every two or three days for all branches to use.

　　When eating barbecue, did you mix all the spices with the experience? Cao Hongli grasped the diners’ love for ingredients but bad habits, and developed very popular sweet and spicy sauces, Korean garden sauces, sesame barbecue sauces, dry materials, crispy materials, spicy materials, etc., which just met the tastes of diners. Among them, the most popular wet ingredients are sweet and sour spicy sauce and salty Hanyuan sauce. "Sweet and spicy sauce is made of Chili and white sugar. All peppers are artificially hammered out with a stick. It is pure and ancient. It is fragrant but not spicy." Cao Hongli said that the sweet and sour sesame barbecue sauce is especially suitable for traditional family meat mixing, which contains nearly 20 kinds of seasonings such as sesame, peanuts, cumin, sesame sauce and sugar. Spicy seasoning is a perfect match for large pieces of meat, which is fried with sesame and cumin. There is also a distinctive fresh pepper sauce, "with garlic sprouts inside, it tastes very fresh."

　　Charcoal looks good, fire looks good, and charcoal says more.

　　There is actually a lot to say here about how to roast the meat so that the diners can stay fragrant.

　　In the traditional barbecue shop of Sasami on Dongsidao Street, the figure of Master Tan Changmiao is busy going in and out, constantly calculating the amount of carbon used, the amount of carbon left and the amount of carbon needed according to the change of passenger flow. Every day from 9 o’clock to work, he has to deal with 100 kilograms of charcoal. In his operation room, a 1.8-meter-high charcoal stove keeps releasing heat and energy. In Master Miao’s view, guests can only eat well if the charcoal is well raised. "My household uses bamboo charcoal, which has less smoke, is resistant to burning and is environmentally friendly." Master Miao said that if the charcoal fire would be tender during lunch time, he would pinch the time to burn charcoal, a little earlier than serving. If at dinner time, most of the charcoal fires are re-melted charcoal, and the fire is stronger, he will hold down the serving and serve charcoal one minute later.

　　Zhao Xingjia’s large pieces of meat are charred according to different roasted products. For ordinary natural roasting, machine-made charcoal is used, and fruit charcoal is used for roasting large pieces of meat, because it can fully roast the sweet smell of fruit wood, continue the original flavor of Qiqihar barbecue and taste better.

　　In Yang Xiaojia’s barbecue bistro, it is normal to be packed. The waiters were so busy that they didn’t touch the ground. Even so, they insisted on barbecue for each table. "In a barbecue shop, giving guests a live barbecue is the process of cooking food, and customers say that we are the real chefs here." A waiter said.

　　Chen Zhaoyi, the operator, said that the consumer group targeted by this store is young people, and the dishes have added the roast meat that young people like at present. "Most guests drink while chatting, so it is difficult to take care of the heat of the roast meat. If too much water evaporates, the meat will send firewood, so we launched a roast service."

　　"Hello, I’m Chen Xiaochun, the barbecuer, and I’m at your service now. First of all, the explosive snowflake meat of our family must be roasted with a net, so that it is close to the charcoal fire, which can quickly lock in the moisture and the roasted meat is fragrant and tender. " After that, Master Chen put a large piece of meat with a thickness of 2 mm on the baking net and snorted. This primitive and violent cooking method repeatedly asked the diners in the summer night, "Are you greedy? Still jealous! " After the juice on the meat was fully poured out and slightly bulged, Master Chen turned the large piece of meat to the other side. After turning it over two or three times repeatedly, the surface of the large piece of meat was brown and cooked. "Enjoy your meal. Call me when you eat mixed meat at home. I’ll help you change the baking tray."

　　"When the charcoal first came up, it was very prosperous. Inexperienced customers sometimes didn’t barbecue first. At this time, the barbecue chef can help customers adjust the baking order so that customers can eat well and have fun. Therefore, the experience of the barbecue chef is very important. " Chen Zhaoyi reminded that barbecue should not always turn over or press the meat with a clip. "Originally, our purpose was to lock the water and make the meat tender. If we always turn over or press the meat, it is easy to press out the original juice, and the roasted meat will be very firewood and hard."

On the afternoon of June 24th, the College Admissions Committee of Jiangsu Province held a meeting, which reviewed and approved the provincial admission control score line for the first stage of college enrollment in our province in 2021. Subsequently, the Provincial Department of Education held a press conference to inform about the admission control scores of each batch of colleges and universities in our province in the first phase of enrollment this year and the voluntary reporting of the college entrance examination this year.

In the first stage, the provincial admission control scores mainly include special types of admission control lines for subjects such as history and physics, general undergraduate lines, sports undergraduate lines and art undergraduate lines. In order to facilitate the selection of talents in colleges and universities, and at the same time reduce the number of online candidates from the list as much as possible, comprehensive consideration is given to delineating the admission control scores of each batch of provinces.

Specifically, there are 533 points in special types of enrollment history, 501 points in physics and other subjects, 476 points in general undergraduate history and 417 points in physics and other subjects. Physical education undergraduate course history and other subject cultures 366 points/major 110 points, physical education undergraduate course physics and other subject cultures 313 points/major 110 points. Art undergraduate students take a unified examination of subject culture such as art history 335 points/major 170 points, art physics 313 points/major 170 points, music (vocal music, instrumental music) history 310 points/major 145 points, music (vocal music, instrumental music) physics 260 points/major 145 points, and choreographing history 380 points/major.

Approved by the Ministry of Education, some independent undergraduate art colleges (including a few colleges and universities that refer to the implementation of some art undergraduate majors) have their own admission control scores. The scores of provincial admission control for undergraduate examination majors in other colleges and universities are 260 points for history and other subject cultures/qualified majors, and 260 points for physics and other subject cultures/qualified majors. Among them, Obtain music performance, musicology, composition and composition technology theory, pop music, music therapy, radio and television director, fine arts, painting, sculpture, Chinese painting, experimental art, cross-media art, cultural relics protection and restoration, comics, art design, visual communication design, environmental design, product design, clothing and costume design, public art, arts and crafts, digital media art, art and technology, and so on. Candidates who have passed the school examination of packaging design and other majors must also take the corresponding provincial unified examination, and the score of the provincial unified examination of fine arts must reach 160 points, the score of the provincial unified examination of music must reach 120 points, and the score of the provincial unified examination of director must reach 130 points.

After learning the results of college entrance examination, academic level test, admission control scores of each batch, and the number of candidates by segment, candidates will voluntarily fill in online in two stages on the portal website of the Provincial Education Examinations Institute (www.jseea.cn) or a special website (gkzy.jseea.cn).

The first stage is to fill in the professional group volunteers of undergraduate colleges. Among them, the pre-filing is from June 27th to 28th, and the formal filing is from June 29th to July 2nd (the deadline is 17:00 on July 2nd). Including general undergraduate volunteers in advance (including military, public security, politics and law, navigation, local special programs, rural teacher programs, rural order-oriented medical students free training programs, other institutions, etc.), sports undergraduate volunteers in advance, art undergraduate volunteers in advance, and general undergraduate volunteers in advance. In addition, our province has also set up special types of enrollment volunteer columns such as special colleges and universities, comprehensive evaluation (B-type colleges and universities), high-level art troupes and high-level sports teams, for candidates with corresponding qualifications to fill in their volunteers.

In the second stage, fill in the volunteers of professional groups in colleges and universities in batches. Among them, it will be pre-filled from July 25th to 26th and officially filled from July 27th to 28th (the deadline is 17:00 on July 28th). Including general, sports, and art specialties.

After the admission of each batch of parallel volunteer (including traditional (sequential) arts volunteers) is completed, the Provincial Education Examinations Institute will promptly announce the number of professional groups, majors (classes) and plans of colleges and universities that have not completed the enrollment plan. Candidates who have not been admitted will fill in their own online forms for volunteering within the specified time. Please refer to the back of the candidate’s admission ticket for the specific time schedule.

Candidates are required to fill in the volunteers of parallel colleges (including traditional volunteers in art) and solicit volunteers from (parallel colleges) online with their examination number, ID number, password and dynamic password card within the specified time, and be responsible for the accuracy and safety of the information they fill in, without signing on site to confirm the volunteer information.

The Provincial Education Examinations Institute should remind the majority of candidates that this year’s voluntary reporting is divided into two parts: pre-reporting and formal reporting. Candidates who have completed the pre-filling of volunteers can directly import the pre-filling of volunteers into the formal filling system. It is particularly important to note that the pre-filled volunteers do not take effect, and only the officially filled volunteers are the basis for admission.

The admission time has also been determined. General admission time: July 8-14, the Japanese department will be admitted to colleges and universities in advance; July 17-25, admitted to Japanese universities; College admission from August 1st to 8th. Admission time for sports and art classes: July 8-16, Japanese classes are admitted to colleges and universities in advance (among which art classes are divided into 3 small batches); College admission from July 29th to 31st.

Linking > > >

What are the special types of enrollment?

The "special type enrollment" in Jiangsu college entrance examination refers to the enrollment projects with strong foundation plan, comprehensive evaluation, college special projects, local special projects, high-level art troupe, military academy enrollment and other special requirements.

According to the enrollment regulations of the Ministry of Education, the provinces that implement the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination and merge undergraduate batches must draw special enrollment control scores with reference to the proportion of enrollment plans of liberal arts and sciences in previous years. The "Opinions on Enrollment of Ordinary Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province in 2021" clearly stipulates that special types of enrollment control scores are divided according to the general category (history and other subjects) and the general category (physics and other subjects), with reference to the proportion of enrollment plans of the liberal arts and sciences in previous years.

The statistics of college entrance examination in our province are released one by one

On the 24th, the Provincial Education Examinations Institute announced the statistical table of the general college entrance examination in Jiangsu Province in 2021.

According to the statistics, there are 101 people with a score of 632 or above in the general category (history and other subjects), 1,651 people with a score of 600 or above, 10,193 people with a score of 562 or above, and 55,510 people with a score of 476 or above. There are 101 general subjects (such as physics) with a score of 661 or above, 1049 with a score of 636 or above, 10015 with a score of 595 or above, 86521 with a score of 500 or above, and 150598 with a score of 417 or above.

Piecewise statistics can let candidates know their grades, which is one of the important reference bases for candidates to fill in their volunteers. Experts in gaozhao remind candidates that before they fill in their volunteers, they must consult the enrollment policy of our province and the relevant contents of the special issue of the plan compiled by the Provincial Education Examinations Institute, carefully read the important materials in the special issue of the plan, such as Notes on Candidates’ Filling in Volunteers, Notes on parallel volunteer’s Filing, and the enrollment regulations of relevant colleges and universities, watch the guidance film on volunteering in the college entrance examination, and according to the requirements of the selected subjects of the subjects, professional groups and majors, as well as the candidates’ own college entrance examination scores and scores. Candidates should also be reasonably positioned, and should know their ranking according to their own achievements through subsection statistics.

Summer is coming, and a large number of fruits are on the market. Many office workers like to buy more at one time on weekends, keep them in the refrigerator, and take them out when they want to eat, which makes them feel cold. However, not all fruits are suitable to be stored in the refrigerator, and some fruits are naturally "cold-afraid". Putting them in the refrigerator will not only freeze the fruits, but also destroy their quality and flavor.

In general, the daily preservation of fruits can be divided into the following four categories:

1, can’t put it in the refrigerator, otherwise it will be frostbitten. Such as bananas, carambola, loquat and so on.

2. It can be put in the refrigerator, but it must be ripened first (that is, the unripe fruit cannot be put in the refrigerator). Such as durian, Sakyamuni, passion fruit, persimmon, etc.

3, it must be put into the refrigerator to last for a long time. Such as: peach, mulberry, plum, litchi, longan, rambutan, cherry, chestnut, guava, grape, pear, strawberry, mangosteen, pitaya, melon, grapefruit and so on.

4. It can be stored at room temperature or refrigerated in refrigerator. Such as: lemon, pineapple, grape, orange, olive, jujube, apple, watermelon, orange, coconut, grapefruit, sugarcane and so on.

There is a knack for storing fruit.

Because of different kinds of fruits, the optimum storage temperature is also different.

watermelon

Watermelon is stored at 10-12 degrees Celsius, and chilling injury will occur when the temperature is lower than 9.5 degrees Celsius.

Watermelons that have not been cut can be stored for more than 10 days at room temperature. Pay attention to placing watermelons in a cool, ventilated and dry place suitable for watermelon storage. If you want to eat some cold taste, you can put the watermelon in the refrigerator for two hours before eating, and the flavor is the best.

Watermelon itself has a high content of water and fermented sugar, which is easy to breed bacteria. After watermelon is cut, the internal fermented sugar is in direct contact with the outside world, which is easy to breed bacteria. Therefore, after watermelon is cut, it must be stored in the refrigerator, but it can only be stored for 12 to 24 hours at most.

mango

The best storage temperature of mango is about 10℃-13℃, and the peel will turn black when the temperature is lower than 8℃.

Therefore, it is best to store mango in a dark and cool place. If it must be placed in the refrigerator, it should be placed in a vegetable and fruit tank with higher temperature, and the storage time should not exceed two days.

banana

Bananas are most suitable for storage at 8℃-23℃. High temperature will easily lead to over-ripening and blackening, while temperature below 5℃ will easily lead to frostbite and blackening.

You can wash the bunches of bananas you bought with clean water, wipe the water with a clean cloth, put the bananas in a plastic bag, put an apple in it, exhaust the air from the bag as much as possible, tie the bag tightly, and put it in a ventilated and cool place at home.

grape

As soon as many people buy grapes home, they are used to washing them immediately and putting them in the refrigerator, which is very undesirable.

It’s best to wait until the grapes are ready to be eaten before washing them. It’s easy to go bad after washing and storing them.

The correct way is to sort out the bad grains and sundries in the grapes, then cut them off one by one and put them in a fresh-keeping box, but keep the pedicel and don’t expose the pulp to the air, otherwise it will not only attract insects, but also accelerate oxidation. After that, absorb the water with paper, seal it with plastic wrap and put it in the constant temperature room of the refrigerator.

mangosteen

Mangosteen is easy to deteriorate. If you want to keep it for a long time, you must ensure low temperature and less oxygen.

In general, tropical fruits can’t be stored in the refrigerator, but mangosteen is different. Because low temperature can reduce the loss of water in mangosteen, reduce the activity of pectinase and delay aging, mangosteen should be stored in refrigerator.

pawpaw

Mature papaya pulp is very soft and difficult to preserve, so you should eat it immediately after buying it back.

If you don’t intend to eat it immediately after buying it, it is recommended to choose papaya that is not completely yellow and slightly blue. It will be left for 1 to 2 days after you get home, and then wrapped in a fresh-keeping bag and put in the refrigerator for refrigeration. It can be kept for about 4 to 5 days at most. The optimum storage temperature of papaya is about 7℃.

Three points for attention when eating iced fruits.

(1) Note 1:

Eating time is particular. Try not to eat chilled fruit when you are just full or on an empty stomach. You can eat it after 1~2 hours after meals.

(2) Note 2:

It is advisable not to eat too much each time, so as not to cause gastrointestinal discomfort. For example, don’t eat more than 500 grams of watermelon at a time, about 15 grapes, no more than 1 peach and 10 ~ 15 strawberries.

(3) Note 3:

If the watermelon is not eaten at one time, the surface should be cut off before eating it next time, and other fruits stored in the refrigerator should be washed again before eating.

The opening of "Tidal Road Section", the operation of intelligent operation command center, and the addition of "mobile public toilets" and "charging and replacing power stations" … Since January 26th, the curtain of the 40-day 2024 Spring Festival travel rush has officially opened, and expressways, service areas and toll stations in Anhui Province have become busy.

As the main force of Anhui’s high-speed operation service, Anhui Traffic Control Group prepares for war in advance, strengthens the road network to ensure smooth and smooth traffic and the travel service of drivers and passengers, and takes many measures to ensure the orderly operation of the road network and the safe travel of drivers and passengers.

"Tidal road section" helps to disperse support and block up.

Located in the section from Wuzhuang to Quanjiao West Hub of Huning section of Shanghai-Shaanxi Expressway, although it is only 5 kilometers, during the period of Spring Festival travel rush, the return traffic of the Yangtze River Delta before the holiday is large, and the return traffic after the Spring Festival is large, which forms a "tidal phenomenon" of traffic flow and is also a node that is easy to form congestion.

"In the past two days, the traffic volume at the entrance and exit of Wuzhuang Toll Station has increased significantly compared with weekdays." According to Guan Xudong, deputy stationmaster of Wuzhuang Toll Station, the traffic volume at the entrance and exit of Wuzhuang Toll Station has gradually increased in the past two days, and the daily average traffic volume at the entrance and exit can reach 60,000 vehicles.

Aerial photography of tidal lane. Photo courtesy of Anhui Traffic Control Group

To this end, after careful preparation in the early stage, the group set this section as a "tidal section". When encountering the traffic of returning carts, it adopted the way of "borrowing lanes" from the section with small opposite traffic to increase the number of lanes, and combined with Wuzhuang toll station to set up a "tidal toll lane" to form a combination boxing and improve traffic efficiency.

In addition, all operating units of Anhui Traffic Control Group co-ordinate the deployment of toll collectors, and increase toll crossings in a timely manner according to the traffic volume.

Among them, Wuzhuang Station, Huayuan Station and other large-flow toll stations adopt the methods of double charging and adding manual toll terminals to improve the crossing speed and effectively deal with the peak traffic. Promote the construction of smart toll stations. Nine smart toll stations, including Wuyang, Wudu, Quanjiao West, Xuancheng West, Taibai Island, Fangxing Avenue, yi county, langxi East and Tianzhu Shanbei, have achieved quasi-free circulation, and the traffic efficiency has doubled compared with traditional toll stations.

Smart Operation Command Center Helps Expressway Network Operation Management

In order to ensure a smooth road network and improve traffic efficiency, the Intelligent Operation Command Center of Anhui Communications Control Group was put into use on the first day in Spring Festival travel rush.

A few days ago, People’s Network Anhui Channel walked into the smart operation command center, only to see the big screen showing the data including the traffic volume change, congestion situation and the operation of toll station service area of more than 5,100 kilometers in Anhui Province, and will conduct real-time analysis.

The smart operation command center big screen. People’s Network Lu Huanhuan photo

Wu Jun, director of the operation service department of Anhui Traffic Control Group Wantong Company, said that this kind of operation command and management system collects data such as road information, surveillance video, intelligence board, traffic flow, gas station in service area, etc. By accessing, managing, analyzing and sharing all kinds of data, the data can be deeply integrated, and it can also predict the traffic flow of key sections in the future and remind section management units to prepare in advance, just like installing a thinking "brain" on the expressway.

At the same time, in view of bad weather such as rain, fog, ice and snow, all operating units of the group implement scientific and accurate management and control through road network monitoring and coordinated dispatching systems to improve the efficiency of emergency response; Strengthen cooperation with third-party navigation systems, obtain real-time Internet traffic big data information, cooperate with public security traffic police departments, and take effective measures such as remote control, near-end diversion, multi-point evacuation, and speed-reducing lanes to direct traffic to bypass alternative routes in the road network, effectively ensuring the smooth operation of the road network.

The staff is conducting real-time monitoring and analysis. People’s Network Lu Huanhuan photo

"Mobile Public Toilet" and "Charging and Replacing Power Station" Help Beautiful Travel

The launch of the expressway "brain" has helped to upgrade the service in Spring Festival travel rush, Anhui Province, and at the same time, the expressway service area has been constantly renewed.

On the first day of Spring Festival travel rush, People’s Daily Anhui Channel saw in Feidong Service Area, Hefei City, Anhui Province that there were not only charging stations for new energy vehicles, but also power exchange stations, and new energy owners were charging their cars.

In the afternoon, Ms. Ma, who returned to Changzhou from Hefei, was charging her car. She said that her new energy vehicles have been charged in the two service areas of Quanjiao and Feidong. "It is very convenient to charge now. It doesn’t take long, it takes more than 40 minutes, and there are many charging piles. There is no need to queue up."

Feidong service area quick charging station. People’s Network Lu Huanhuan photo

"There are currently 44 charging piles and one Weilai power station in Feidong service area, compared with only 4 charging piles at this time last year. During the Spring Festival travel rush this year, it is basically possible to ensure that charging is less queued or even not queued. " Ruan Decai, director of the Yuzhong Management Center of Anhui Traffic Control Group Yida Company and secretary of the General Party Branch, said that the auto repair shop of Cheyou Home also provides seven free services and six fee reduction services for the convenience of car owners.

In fact, in the service area affiliated to Anhui Traffic Control Group, with the implementation of the encryption and expansion project of charging piles for new energy vehicles, more than 1,800 charging parking spaces and 49 power stations have been put into use, of which small parking spaces account for more than 10%, nearly doubling compared with the beginning of last year, greatly improving the charging service capacity of new energy vehicles.

More than 40 service areas in Anhui Province have set up shower spots. People’s Network Lu Huanhuan photo

In addition, Anhui Traffic Control Group also extended the intimate service to other details.

In order to alleviate the queue of toilet during peak passenger flow, the group expanded and renovated 33 pairs of public toilets in service areas, and set up 21 sets of temporary container toilets in 7 pairs of service areas, including Guangde and Xiqiao, adding 210 toilet seats, in an effort to alleviate the queue of toilet during peak passenger flow. Reserve more than 130 tons of snow melting agent, 5400 sacks and other materials to deal with possible bad weather. 600,000 items will be delivered to the service area in advance, micro warehouses will be set up in 8 service areas, and 15,000 emergency items will be reserved and allocated according to the situation.

Showers are set up in more than 40 service areas, such as Feidong, for free use by truck drivers, so that truck drivers can take a hot bath and have a good sleep during transportation. The garage in the service area provides nine free automobile safety services, such as tire pressure detection, car tire inflation, electricity supply, etc. More than 70% of the service areas are equipped with maternal and child rooms, and 90% of the service areas are equipped with a third bathroom.

In addition, in view of the fact that some passengers are "on the road" and can’t catch up with the New Year’s Eve reunion dinner every year, the Yida service area of Anhui Communications Control Group invited them to have dinner together this year, and all restaurants ate for free on New Year’s Eve.

CCTV News:Look at the economy through data, and look at achievements through the economy. The General Administration of Customs announced on July 12 that in the first half of this year, the total import and export value of China’s goods trade was 21.17 trillion yuan, up 6.1% year-on-year, the trade scale reached a new high, and the quarterly trend continued to improve.

In the first half of the year, the import and export scale of goods trade exceeded 21 trillion yuan.

According to customs statistics, in the first half of the year, the total import and export value of China’s goods trade was 21.17 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 6.1%. Among them, the export was 12.13 trillion yuan, up 6.9%; Imports reached 9.04 trillion yuan, up 5.2%.

In terms of trade scale, in the first half of the year, the import and export scale of China’s goods trade exceeded 21 trillion yuan for the first time in the same period; The growth rate of import and export accelerated quarter by quarter, with an increase of 7.4% in the second quarter, which was 2.5 and 5.7 percentage points higher than that in the first quarter and the fourth quarter of last year respectively. The quality of import and export of goods continued to improve and the scale grew rapidly.

In terms of trade patterns, in the first half of the year, China’s general trade import and export was 13.76 trillion yuan, up 5.2%, accounting for 65% of China’s total foreign trade. In the same period, the import and export of processing trade was 3.66 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.1%, accounting for 17.3%. In addition, China’s import and export by bonded logistics was 2.96 trillion yuan, an increase of 16.6%.

ASEAN is China’s largest trading partner.

From the perspective of trading partners, in the first half of the year, China and its largest trading partner — The total trade value of ASEAN was 3.36 trillion yuan, up by 10.5%, accounting for 15.9% of China’s total foreign trade value. In the same period, China’s total import and export to countries that jointly built the "Belt and Road" was 10.03 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.2%.

From the perspective of business entities, in the first half of the year, the import and export of private enterprises was 11.64 trillion yuan, up 11.2%, accounting for 55% of China’s total foreign trade, up 2.5 percentage points over the same period last year. In the same period, the import and export of foreign-invested enterprises and state-owned enterprises both increased.

China’s summer grain harvest in 2024

According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on July 12, China’s summer grain harvest in 2024 laid a solid foundation for stabilizing grain production throughout the year.

In 2024, the total output of summer grain in China was 149.78 million tons, or 299.6 billion Jin, an increase of 7.25 billion Jin or 2.5% over 2023.

The sown area of summer grain remained stable. In 2024, the sown area of summer grain was 399.2 million mu, which remained stable. Among them, the sown area of wheat was 346.361 million mu, an increase of 475,000 mu over 2023.

The yield of summer grain has increased. The national summer grain yield reached 375.2 kilograms per mu, an increase of 9 kilograms or 2.5% over the previous year. Among them, wheat achieved a yield of 399.1 kg per mu, an increase of 2.6%. Regionally, among the 25 summer grain producing areas, 21 have increased their output.

Smooth operation of civil aviation railway

In the first half of the year, China’s civil aviation economy operated steadily and steadily. By the end of June, the fixed assets investment of the whole industry was 61.52 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 33.2%; The total transportation turnover was 70.3 billion tons kilometers, a year-on-year increase of 32.2%, and the domestic and international markets of air transportation exceeded the same period in 2019. In terms of passenger transport, in the first half of the year, the whole industry completed a total of 350 million passenger trips, a year-on-year increase of 23.5%; The scale of international passenger transport recovered to 81.7% in the same period of 2019. In terms of freight, the demand for civil aviation freight remains high, and the demand for international routes is still strong. In the first half of the year, the whole industry completed a total of 4.174 million tons of cargo and mail transportation, up 27.4% year-on-year.

In the first half of the year, the national railways sent more than 2 billion passengers.

In terms of railways, China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. data show that in the first half of the year, the national railways sent a total of 2.096 billion passengers, and the passenger turnover reached 777.952 billion person-kilometers, up by 18.4% and 14.1% respectively, both reaching historical highs in the same period.

The national railways increased their passenger transport capacity, with an average of 10,256 passenger trains running every day, up 9.4% year-on-year. Cross-border passenger transport organizations will be strengthened. Movable sleeper trains from Beijing to Shanghai will be operated between Beijing and Hong Kong. Two international passenger trains from Xishuangbanna, China to Luang Prabang, Laos will be opened in China-Laos Railway, and international passenger trains from Hohhot, China to Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia will be resumed. In the first half of the year, the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong high-speed railway sent a total of 7.587 million cross-border passengers, a year-on-year increase of 72.4%; China-Laos Railway has sent a total of 117,000 cross-border passengers. At present, China’s railway passenger volume and turnover are ranked first in the world.

Financial support for the real economy remained stable.

According to the data released by the People’s Bank of China on July 12th, the stock of social financing scale at the end of June was 395.11 trillion yuan, up 8.1% year-on-year. Among them, the balance of RMB loans to the real economy was 247.93 trillion yuan, up 8.3% year-on-year. Financial support for the real economy remained stable.

The daily business volume of postal express exceeds 580 million pieces.

On July 12, the State Post Bureau introduced that in the first half of this year, China’s express delivery market maintained a rapid development trend, with the highest daily business volume exceeding 580 million pieces.

According to the data of the State Post Bureau, this year is 1-mdash; In February, China’s new year consumption demand was strong, and during the Spring Festival holiday (February 10 — 17), the daily average express delivery business volume increased by 145.2% compared with the same period in 2023. The online retail sales of physical goods exceeded 1.8 trillion yuan, a cumulative year-on-year increase of 14.4%. 3— In April, there was a great demand for seasonal products such as spring tea and flowers and trees. Compared with the same period of last year, the monthly express delivery business increased by more than 2.3 billion pieces. 5— In June, under the influence of multiple factors such as mid-year promotion, holiday economy, fresh season and graduation season, the daily average express delivery business volume reached 480 million pieces. In June, China Express Development Index increased by 18.4% year-on-year.

In addition, in the first half of this year, the express delivery business in the central and western regions grew rapidly.

Express delivery companies actively build three-dimensional sea passages.

In addition, in the first half of this year, the express delivery industry continued to strengthen the construction of rural nodes and improve service quality. At the same time, it continued to promote a variety of cross-border modes of going to sea and enhance international transportation capacity.

No.850 [2021] of Jingcai Finance

District Finance Bureau, Financial Audit Bureau of Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone:

　　In order to promote the establishment of inclusive finance’s service and security system, give full play to the guiding role of financial funds, strengthen the management of special funds for development in inclusive finance, and clarify the detailed rules for the implementation of fund management, we have formulated the Measures for the Management of Special Funds for Development in inclusive finance, which are hereby printed and distributed to you, please follow them.

　　Annex: Measures for the Administration of Special Funds for Development in inclusive finance

beijing finance bureau　　　　

May 18, 2021　　

attachment

Measures of inclusive finance Municipality on the Administration of Special Funds for Development

Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to promote the establishment of inclusive finance’s service and security system, give full play to the guiding and inciting role of financial funds, and strengthen the management of special funds for development in inclusive finance, according to the Budget Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Amending and Issuing the Measures for the Administration of Special Funds for Development in inclusive finance (Cai Jin [2019] No.96), the Regulations of Beijing Municipality on Promoting the Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, and the Implementation Opinions of Beijing Municipal People’s Government on Reforming and Perfecting the Municipal-to-District Transfer Payment System ()

　　Article 2 The special funds for the development of inclusive finance as mentioned in these Measures (hereinafter referred to as special funds) refer to the special transfer payment funds used by the central and local governments to support the development of inclusive finance. Including: interest subsidies and awards for business guarantee loans, financial support to deepen the comprehensive reform of financial services for private and small and micro enterprises, and targeted cost subsidies for rural financial institutions.

　　Article 3 The special funds shall follow the principles of benefiting people’s livelihood, ensuring basic, focused and sustainable development, and comprehensively use the methods of loan discount, compensation by awards and expense subsidies to guide government departments and financial institutions to support the development of inclusive finance, ensure the availability and applicability of basic financial services for key clients in inclusive finance, and strive to improve the financial service level of private and small and micro enterprises.

　　Article 4 The use and management of special funds shall follow the basic principles of openness, transparency, targeted use and scientific standardization, ensure the rational, safe and efficient use of funds, give full play to fiscal policies to make up for market failures and leverage of financial funds, and guide financial services to extend to the direction of inclusiveness.

　　Article 5 The financial department shall be responsible for the budget management and fund allocation of special funds; Organize relevant departments to carry out budget supervision and performance management on the use of funds. The municipal finance department is responsible for organizing all districts to carry out budget declaration and performance evaluation, summarizing and reviewing and submitting the application materials for special funds in the region; Determine the allocation plan of special funds in this region; Break down the budget in time; Supervise the relevant departments to implement the regulatory requirements for special funds. The district-level financial department is responsible for organizing the application and review of special funds in this area, fund allocation, use supervision and budget performance management, and ensuring the compliance and effectiveness of the use of special funds in this area.

Chapter II Policy of Interest Discount and Incentive Subsidy for Venture Guarantee Loans

　　Article 6 The discount interest and incentive subsidy funds for business start-up guarantee loans shall be used to support workers to start their own businesses and find their own jobs, guide employers to create more jobs, and promote the resolution of structural employment contradictions among groups with special difficulties. The finance will give discount subsidies to individuals and enterprises that meet the requirements for venture guarantee loans, and give incentives and subsidies to guarantee fund operation and management institutions and handling financial institutions.

　　Article 7 The financial department shall be responsible for the management of financial interest subsidies, bonus funds and guarantee fee subsidies for venture guarantee loans; Separate management and accounting of funds arranged by the central finance and local finance; Ensure timely and accurate disbursement of funds; Cooperate with relevant departments to supervise the audit, disbursement and use of funds.

　　Article 8 The relevant provisions on the object of business start-up guarantee loan, loan application conditions, loan amount, loan term, loan interest rate and financial discount on business start-up guarantee loan shall be implemented with reference to the current relevant policies and standards of the central government and our city.

Chapter III Financial Support Deepening Financial Services for Private Enterprises and Small and Micro EnterprisesComprehensive reform of incentive fund policy in pilot cities

　　Article 9 Incentive funds for pilot cities of private and small micro-financial services reform are used to encourage local governments to try first, explore effective modes to improve financial services for private and small micro-enterprises, and prevent corporate credit risks by improving the financing guarantee system and risk compensation mechanism. The financial reward will be given to the pilot cities determined by the review. Pilot cities should generally be the districts of this city, with 2 places per year.

　　Article 10 The central government will award 30 million yuan to each pilot area in this Municipality. Incentive funds can be used for credit risk compensation or compensation of private and small and micro enterprises in financial institutions in pilot areas, or for capital replenishment of government financing guarantee institutions in pilot cities.

　　Eleventh municipal finance department is responsible for organizing relevant departments to formulate evaluation plans, and take an open and competitive approach for evaluation; In conjunction with relevant departments, conduct daily supervision and management of the work and the use of funds, and establish a performance index monitoring system. The financial department at the district level shall be responsible for organizing the declaration of incentive funds in this district, and jointly with relevant units at the district level, formulate detailed tasks, determine the implementation plan of performance appraisal objectives, and issue audit opinions. The financial department of the pilot area is responsible for the application, release, use, supervision and performance evaluation of funds in this area.

　　Article 12 The settlement of central financial funds is linked to the performance of pilot cities, focusing on the overall situation of financial services for private and small and micro enterprises, the improvement of financing guarantee and risk compensation mechanism, the comprehensive financial services and innovation, and the local development driven by finance. The central government will cancel the pilot qualification and recover all the incentive funds for the pilot cities whose performance evaluation or evaluation results do not meet the requirements.

　　Thirteenth areas that use the incentive funds of private and small micro-financial service reform pilot cities should strengthen the overall coordination of departments and policy linkage, especially complement and join forces with the capital policies already issued by the central government, and may not arrange financial support for the same subject repeatedly.

Chapter IV Policy of Rural Financial Institutions on Directional Cost Subsidies

　　Fourteenth rural financial institutions targeted fee subsidy funds are used to guide and encourage financial institutions to take the initiative to fill the gap in rural financial services, support the construction of rural financial organization system, and expand the coverage of rural financial services. The financial sector will subsidize new rural financial institutions that meet the requirements. New rural financial institutions do not enjoy subsidies repeatedly.

　　New rural financial institutions refer to village banks, loan companies and rural mutual funds cooperatives approved by China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

　　Fifteenth municipal finance department is responsible for organizing and supervising the district to carry out fund application, review, disbursement, supervision and performance management according to the regulations. The district-level financial department is responsible for organizing rural financial institutions within its jurisdiction to declare subsidy funds and issue audit opinions.

　　Sixteenth financial subsidies for new rural financial institutions that meet the following conditions shall not exceed 2% of the average loan balance in the current year: (1) the average loan balance in the current year increased year-on-year; (two) the average annual loan-to-deposit ratio of rural banks is higher than 50% (including 50%); (3) The average balance of agricultural loans and loans for small and micro enterprises in that year accounted for more than 70% (including 70%) of the average balance of all loans; (4) Other conditions stipulated by the financial department.

　　The subsidy period is within 3 years from the opening year (inclusive) of the financial institution (outlet). For those who have been in business for more than years and enjoy the subsidy policy, they do not enjoy the subsidy policy; If the opening time is later than June 30th of that year, if the subsidy policy was not enjoyed in that year, the period for enjoying the subsidy shall be calculated from the year after the opening.

　　Seventeenth financial subsidies for the following types of loans, not included in the subsidized loan base: (1) loans with a single household loan balance of more than 5 million yuan at any time of the year; (2) Loans issued by new rural financial institutions whose registered place is below the county level (including counties, county-level cities, county-level districts, excluding the central areas of cities above the county level) outside the county-level areas where they are registered; (3) Loans issued by new rural financial institutions registered in areas above the county level whose outlets are outside the county level.

Chapter V Application for Funds

　　Article 18 For the application for funds from the central government, before February 27th of each year, the district-level financial department shall summarize the application materials for this year’s funds, including the interest discount and award compensation for business guarantee loans within its jurisdiction, the incentives for pilot cities of private and small micro-financial services reform, and the targeted fee subsidies for rural financial institutions, and report them to the municipal financial department. Before March 31st, the municipal finance department will submit the application materials for summary review to the Finance Department of the Ministry of Finance and the Beijing Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Finance.

　　If the application materials for special funds are not submitted within the specified time, it will be regarded as not applying for special funds for the year.

　　Article 19 For the application of local financial funds, before September 30 of each year, the municipal financial department shall organize the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau and the financial departments of all districts to calculate the fund demand for the discount interest, bonus and guarantee fee of the business guarantee loan for the next year; Organize the financial departments of all districts to calculate the demand for directional subsidy funds of rural financial institutions.

　　Twentieth materials to be provided for capital application.

　　(a) the application materials for the discount interest and bonus funds of the business guarantee loan include:

　　District-level financial department: explanation of the application of discount interest and bonus funds for venture guarantee loans this year; Report on the use of funds in the previous year for the discount interest and award compensation funds for business start-up guarantee loans and audit opinions; Details of the application for discount interest and award subsidy funds for business start-up guarantee loans in Beijing; Last year’s business guarantee loan discount and bonus fund use list, etc.

　　Municipal Finance Department: Description of the application of discount interest and bonus funds for business start-up guarantee loans this year; Report on the use of funds in the previous year for the discount interest and award compensation funds for business start-up guarantee loans and audit opinions; Details of the application for discount interest and award subsidy funds for business start-up guarantee loans in Beijing; Last year’s business guarantee loan discount and bonus fund use list, etc.

　　(two) the application materials for the incentive funds of private and small micro-financial service reform pilot cities include:

　　District-level financial department (six copies): application documents (official documents) of district-level financial department; Implementation plan for pilot cities; Table of performance targets and evaluation indicators of pilot cities (according to the annual pilot program), etc.

　　Municipal finance department (in duplicate): application documents (official documents) of municipal finance department; The list of pilot cities and implementation plans determined by the review.

　　(three) the application materials for the directional fee subsidy funds of rural financial institutions include:

　　Financial institutions (in triplicate): application documents for subsidy funds of new rural financial institutions (official documents, which should reflect the data such as the amount of loans issued in the current year, the average balance of deposits and loans in the current year, the increase rate, the amount of subsidies applied for, and the average annual loan-to-deposit ratio); Application form for directional fee subsidy funds of new rural financial institutions in Beijing; The annual audit report issued by a social intermediary institution (accounting firm) with legal person qualification; A copy of the approval document and legal person business license when the new rural financial institution is established (provided at the time of initial application); Statistics of assets and liabilities submitted to the banking supervision department and the People’s Bank of China every month in that year; Loan ledger at the end of each month of the year, details of loans related to agriculture and small and micro enterprises and details of eligible loans (electronic version); Regulatory requirements and reports of the banking supervision department, etc.

　　District-level financial department (in duplicate): application document (official document) for subsidy funds of district-level financial department; Table on loan issuance and subsidies of new rural financial institutions in * * District of Beijing; Audit opinions issued by the district finance department, etc.

　　Municipal finance department (in duplicate): application document (official document) for subsidy funds of municipal finance department; Table on loan issuance and subsidies of new rural financial institutions in Beijing; Audit opinions issued by the municipal finance department, etc.

Chapter VI Allocation and Release of Funds

　　Twenty-first business guarantee loan discount and incentive subsidy funds are allocated by factor method, mainly considering the subsidized business guarantee loan discount and incentive subsidy funds demand.

　　Incentive funds for private and small micro-financial service reform pilot cities are allocated by project method.

　　The subsidy funds for directional expenses of rural financial institutions are allocated by factor method, mainly considering the average balance of loans of rural financial institutions.

　　Twenty-second business guarantee loans within the scope of preferential loan conditions stipulated by the state, the discount and bonus funds shall be shared by the central finance and local finance, and the central, municipal and district sharing ratio shall be 3: 3.5: 3.5; In accordance with the policy, the city relaxed the conditions for borrowers of business start-up guarantee loans and raised the upper limit of loan interest rate, and the relevant business start-up guarantee loan discount and bonus funds were fully borne by the local finance, and the sharing ratio of the city and district was 1:1. If the loan guarantee business is provided by the municipal guarantee institution, the municipal finance shall bear the guarantee fee; The city and district share the rest of the guarantee fees in a ratio of 1:1.

　　The incentive funds for private and small micro-financial service reform pilot cities are fully arranged by the central government.

　　The subsidy funds for rural directional expenses are shared by the central finance and local finance, and the sharing ratio of the central, municipal and district is 3:3.5:3.5.

　　Twenty-third urban finance and related departments should calculate the financial needs of the financial burden of the corresponding level according to the policy content and standards, and arrange the budget of special funds, which should be included in the government budget at the same level according to the requirements of budget preparation.

　　Article 24 The municipal finance shall, in accordance with the unified requirements of budget management, prepare a report on the examination, disbursement and use of special funds, submit it to the Ministry of Finance for the record and send a copy to the Beijing Supervision Bureau, and timely decompose the budget funds and issue them to the district-level finance. District-level financial departments shall timely allocate funds in accordance with the time management requirements issued by funds and in combination with the progress and audit of the project. The urban finance department shall implement the relevant provisions on budget management such as the time and proportion of transfer payment funds.

　　For the special funds for the development of inclusive finance that are included in the direct fund management, the municipal finance department will supervise all districts to strengthen the budget execution management, introduce the allocated funds into the direct fund monitoring system synchronously, and submit the budget expenditure progress on a monthly basis.

　　Article 25 Banking financial institutions shall, within 15 days after the interest settlement date on a quarterly basis, submit an application for qualification examination of discount borrowers and borrowing enterprises to the District People’s Insurance Department. After the examination, the District People’s Insurance Department shall submit an opinion on qualification examination of discount borrowers and borrowing enterprises to the District Finance Department, and the District Finance Department shall allocate funds to the handling bank within one month after passing the examination. According to the progress of the work, the financial department allocated the incentive funds of banking financial institutions and guarantee fund operation and management institutions in the previous year. Guarantee fund operation and management institutions shall apply to the finance department at the same level for the annual guarantee fee before June 25th each year, and the urban finance department shall allocate funds respectively.

　　Twenty-sixth urban financial departments should strengthen the management of balance carry-over funds according to the level of fund allocation, and implement it in accordance with the central government’s measures for the management of local special transfer payments and the Beijing special transfer payment management measures. For the development of special transfer payment funds in inclusive finance, it shall be stipulated separately.

　　Twenty-seventh special funds payment management, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the national treasury centralized payment system. The public budget and final accounts of special funds shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the central government’s information disclosure management system for local special transfer payments.

Chapter VII Budget Supervision and Performance Management

　　Twenty-eighth urban financial departments should strengthen spot checks, and the areas that fail to share the funds according to the regulations will be disqualified from obtaining the relevant financial funds in the next year after written confirmation by the Beijing Supervision Bureau, auditing and other departments. To find out the previous year’s false materials, defrauding special funds or funds that should be recovered, the financial department at the same level shall take measures such as recovery and surrender according to regulations. If the relevant departments of the central government organize to find out, the urban finance department shall jointly be responsible for recovering and promptly turning it over to the central finance.

　　Article 29 Materials to be provided for performance evaluation.

　　(a) the performance evaluation materials of discount interest and bonus funds for business guarantee loans and directional subsidy funds for rural financial institutions include:

　　District finance department: performance self-evaluation report and performance self-evaluation form, etc.

　　Municipal finance department: after summarizing the situation of each district, submit the performance self-evaluation report and performance self-evaluation form.

　　(two) the performance evaluation materials of incentive funds in private and small micro-financial service reform pilot cities include:

　　District-level financial departments (six copies): self-evaluation report on the performance of pilot cities; Self-evaluation form for performance evaluation of pilot cities (for details, please refer to the Notice of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, People’s Bank of China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Finance on Financial Support for Deepening the Comprehensive Reform of Financial Services for Private and Small and Micro Enterprises (Caijin [2019] No.62)).

　　Municipal finance department: performance evaluation report and performance evaluation index table of pilot cities.

　　Article 30 If the financial department and its staff, as well as the departments, units and individuals that declare the use of special funds, have any violations of laws and regulations, such as abuse of power, dereliction of duty, favoritism, etc., the corresponding responsibilities shall be investigated in accordance with the Budget Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Civil Service Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Supervision Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Regulations on Punishment of Financial Violations in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state; Those suspected of committing a crime shall be transferred to judicial organs for handling.

　　Article 31 The financial department shall strengthen the performance management of special funds in accordance with the relevant provisions of budget performance management, establish and improve the whole process budget performance management mechanism, strengthen the performance target management, do a good job in performance operation monitoring, take the performance evaluation results as a reference for improving policies and fund allocation, promote the information disclosure of performance evaluation results, and gradually establish a performance accountability mechanism.

　　Thirty-second financial departments should gradually explore the establishment of inclusive finance index system, scientific evaluation of the development of inclusive finance in this area, and provide decision-making reference for improving the management system of special funds.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

　　Thirty-third the measures shall be implemented as of the date of issuance, and the implementation period is tentatively set at two years, which shall be adjusted in time according to the relevant documents of the central government.

　　Article 34 The urban human resources and social security department, the business management department of the People’s Bank of China, the Municipal Science and Technology Commission, the Municipal Bureau of Economics and Information, the Municipal Financial Supervision Bureau, and the Beijing Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau shall perform their duties according to the division of labor stipulated in the relevant administrative measures.

　　Article 35 Where there are no specific provisions in these Measures, it shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Municipality, such as the discount on business guarantee loans and awards, financial support to deepen the comprehensive reform of financial services for private and small and micro enterprises, and other relevant provisions.

　　Thirty-sixth new items included in the management of special funds for the development of inclusive finance shall be implemented with reference to the provisions of these measures. Where the requirements for fund management are formulated separately, such provisions shall prevail.

　　In 2022, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee pointed out that we should vigorously promote the construction of digital villages, promote the development of smart agriculture, and promote the integrated application of information technology and agricultural machinery and agronomy. The "14th Five-Year Plan" and the outline of the long-term goal in 2035 proposed to build smart agriculture and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. An agricultural intelligent revolution with intelligent agriculture as its manifestation has arrived. In this issue, relevant experts are invited to discuss the issue of smart agriculture.

　　Moderator: Xu Xiangmei, director and researcher of the Theory Department of Economic Daily.

　　Deep integration of information technology and modern agriculture

　　Moderator: What are the distinctive features of smart agriculture that are different from traditional agriculture? Why should we attach great importance to smart agriculture?

　　Li Daoliang (Director, National Digital Fisheries Innovation Center, China Agricultural University): Smart agriculture is the product of deep integration of new generation information technologies such as Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, spatial information technology, blockchain and artificial intelligence, modern agricultural planting and breeding technology, and the industrial chain of agricultural products processing, circulation, trading and consumption. It is the "ecological integration" and "gene recombination" of modern information technology and the whole industrial chain of agricultural production, operation, management and service.

　　The main features of smart agriculture are as follows.

　　First, agricultural production factors are digitized, networked and online. Using advanced sensing, remote sensing and machine vision, the information of agricultural planting and breeding environment, the growth information of planting or breeding objects, and the working condition information of production machinery and equipment can be digitally marked and obtained. Using Internet, 5G, narrowband Internet of Things, satellite communication and other network communication technologies, remote digital information scheduling is realized.

　　Second, the regulation and decision-making of agricultural production process is cloud-based and intelligent. Based on the massive data of the production process, we make full use of big data and artificial intelligence technology, and process the data with the help of agricultural cloud computing platform to generate the optimal growth regulation model of agricultural animals and plants, so as to realize the intelligent regulation of the whole production process.

　　The third is the synergy of the whole link, whole process and whole chain of agriculture. Through the agricultural cloud computing platform, the distributed agricultural production system, logistics system, trading system and consumption system are connected into an organic whole, so that agricultural production, operation, management and consumption can be optimized in coordination with the main work.

　　The fourth is the credit and safety of agricultural management. All the data of agricultural production, circulation, transaction and consumption are uploaded and stored in the blockchain shared distributed database through the blockchain decentralization technology, forming an unbreakable account book that can be consulted by consumers and buyers, making agricultural management credit and safe.

　　The significance and function of developing intelligent agriculture are mainly reflected in the following aspects.

　　Promote the conservation and efficient utilization of resources and the green development of agricultural science. Through the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, robots, intelligent equipment and other technologies and breeding techniques, planting and breeding operations can get rid of the natural environment and human dependence, and build an agricultural production automation system that integrates environmental physiological monitoring, crop model analysis and precise adjustment, so as to improve labor production efficiency, land output rate and resource utilization rate. Through digital measurement and control, we can meet the needs of crop growth, ensure resource conservation and avoid environmental pollution, and realize the green development of agriculture. At present, agricultural developed countries have realized that one person cultivates 5,000 mu of land, one person produces 500 tons of vegetables annually, one person grows 1 million potted flowers, one person raises 200,000 chickens and produces 180,000 eggs a day, and one person raises 10,000 pigs, 200 cows and 100 tons of fish, completely changing the problems faced by traditional agriculture with extensive management, weak competitiveness and low resource utilization rate.

　　Promote agricultural standardized production and ensure "green and safety on the tip of the tongue". Real-time dynamic monitoring of soil, atmospheric environment and water environment through digital, networked and intelligent equipment to make it meet the environmental standards of agricultural production; All aspects of production can also be produced by intelligent equipment according to certain technical and economic standards and specifications; Through digital and intelligent equipment, the quality of agricultural products is accurately detected in real time to ensure that the final agricultural products meet the corresponding quality standards. With the help of Internet, QR code, radio frequency tag, blockchain and other technologies, we will establish an information platform for agricultural product quality and food safety that can be traced and shared in the whole process, improve the supervision system of agricultural product quality and safety process from farmland to table, and ensure the people’s "green and safety on the tip of their tongue".

　　Promote the integration and branding of agricultural management. The application of information technology has broken the space-time geographical limitation of agricultural market, and the data of agricultural materials procurement and agricultural products circulation will be monitored and transmitted in real time, effectively solving the problem of information asymmetry. Use the e-commerce platform to expand the sales channels of agricultural products, build an integrated agricultural product management system through self-operated bases, self-built websites and independent distribution, and promote the market marketing and brand operation of agricultural products.

　　Promote the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries. The digitalization, networking and platformization of agriculture will guide the development and alliance of new agricultural business entities such as large professional households, family farms, farmers’ professional cooperatives and excellent enterprises, promote the close connection of related industries such as agricultural product production, circulation, processing, storage and transportation, sales and service, realize the effective allocation of agricultural factor resources, and make the industry and factor agglomeration change from quantitative collection to qualitative change, so as to rebuild the whole agricultural industrial chain and realize the cross-infiltration and integrated development of agriculture and secondary and tertiary industries.

　　Intelligent management aims at system optimization.

　　Moderator: What is the development status of smart agriculture in developed countries? What experience does it have in the research, development and application of new smart agriculture technologies that are worth learning from in China?

　　He Yong (Director, Digital Agriculture and Rural Research Center, Zhejiang University): The United States is a typical modern agricultural country in the world, with about 3.5 million people directly engaged in agricultural production, which not only feeds 300 million Americans, but also becomes the largest exporter of agricultural products in the world. Full mechanization and rapid development of digital technology have laid a solid foundation for the development of its smart agriculture. At present, the United States has formed a sophisticated and large-scale intelligent agricultural production system. 69.6% of farms use sensors to collect data, and agricultural robots are used in agricultural production such as sowing, spraying and harvesting.

　　As the world’s largest agricultural drone spraying country, Japan mainly uses the agricultural Internet of Things as the information source, applies a large number of agricultural robots, and constantly pursues labor-saving and refined agricultural production to solve the problem of agricultural labor shortage.

　　The characteristics of smart agriculture in Europe, America, Japan and other developed countries are based on the development trend of modern agriculture, combined with the actual agricultural production in their own countries to carry out theoretical and practical research on smart agriculture. With the support of modern information technology, we should give full play to the role of smart agricultural equipment, and apply technologies such as Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data and 5G to consider crops, soil, environment, meteorology, equipment and personnel as a whole system, so as to realize intelligent management with the goal of overall optimization of the system.

　　Developed countries have the following experiences in the research, development and application of smart agricultural technology, which are worth learning from in China.

　　First, starting with improving productivity and solving the bottleneck problem of agricultural production. The Netherlands, Israel and other countries are seriously short of fresh water resources, so they vigorously develop facility agriculture, implement soilless culture and fine spray and drip irrigation systems. Japan’s agricultural labor force is aging and seriously inadequate, and it vigorously develops agricultural drones and agricultural robots, greatly improving operational efficiency. South China is also facing the shortage of labor force and the availability of agricultural inorganic materials in hilly and mountainous areas. We should develop multifunctional small-scale operation equipment, realize the substitution of machines and solve the problem of mechanized operation in hilly and mountainous areas. The main grain producing areas should implement full mechanization to improve labor productivity. Economically developed areas can study the establishment of unmanned or few farms, orchards, pastures, fishing grounds, etc., to improve the level of agricultural modernization.

　　Second, the implementation of standardized planning and operation is the basis and condition for the development of smart agriculture. Standardized planning and refined management of farmland, orchards and pastures in developed countries have created conditions for large-scale and efficient use of intelligent agricultural equipment, greatly improving operation efficiency, yield and quality. China’s farmland, orchards and pastures need to promote standardized planning as soon as possible, formulate standardized operation specifications, and develop high-efficiency supporting equipment to create conditions for large-scale mechanized operations.

　　Third, make full use of modern science and technology to plug in the wings of science and technology for agriculture. A large number of foreign countries use aerospace technology and meteorological data to achieve rapid and accurate acquisition and intelligent management of farmland information. With the development of Internet of Things, big data and 5G technology, especially the application of high-resolution satellite and Beidou positioning system, it is expected to realize real-time dynamic acquisition of crop and animal and plant growth information, and dynamically adjust and control temperature, humidity and illumination according to crop growth requirements, and accurately spray fertilizers and fertilizers.

　　The development of smart agriculture in various places has achieved practical results.

　　Moderator: What is the development status of smart agriculture in China? What are the successful experiences and innovative explorations of smart agriculture development in various places?

　　Kang Chunpeng (Associate Research Fellow, Information Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs): China’s agricultural and rural informatization development level is still in the primary stage, but the agricultural industry is accelerating its transformation towards digitalization, networking and intelligence, and the consumer Internet continues to extend and expand to the industrial Internet. According to the monitoring of the Information Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in 2020, the informatization level of agricultural production in China will be 22.5%, including 18.5% for field cultivation, 23.5% for facility cultivation, 30.2% for livestock breeding and 15.7% for aquaculture. In recent years, China’s smart agriculture has gradually achieved results, and the level of intelligence and unmanned has gradually improved, showing the following highlights.

　　First, new products and technologies are booming. Modern information technology is widely used in all aspects and fields of agricultural production, and new products, technologies and models emerge one after another. The digital transformation of agriculture has been accelerated, and the traditional agriculture has been transformed into intelligence. Intelligent identification systems for crop moisture, seedling condition, diseases and pests and disaster monitoring in the field and intelligent robots for farming and harvesting have been continuously developed. In particular, products such as automatic harvesting equipment, agricultural sensors, camera monitoring, pest monitoring and early warning have been widely used.

　　Second, no one or few farms broke ground. The rural network infrastructure has been continuously consolidated, especially the maturity and popularization of big data, 5G and artificial intelligence technologies, which provide basic conditions for the development of unmanned or few farms. In Changsha, Hunan, Wuhu, Anhui, Sanjiang, Huzhou, Zhejiang, Chongzhou, Sichuan, Foshan, Guangdong and other places, no one or few farms broke ground, and all farm production operations were completed through remote control of facilities, equipment, machinery and so on, automatic control of the whole process or autonomous control of robots.

　　Third, the construction of big data has achieved initial results. From the national level, the sharing of government data resources and the integration of information systems have achieved phased results, the national integrated government service platform has been basically completed, and the pattern of co-construction and sharing of government data resources has basically taken shape. From the perspective of local practice, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangxi and other places have actively promoted the construction of big data in agriculture and rural areas, and successively built big data platforms. Zhejiang is vigorously promoting the digital reform of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" throughout the province.

　　Fourth, market players have become a new force. Market players are becoming an important force in building smart agriculture. Large enterprises have entered the field of smart agriculture. The three major telecom operators and Internet companies such as Huawei, Alibaba and Tencent have laid out smart agriculture. Sinochem, Zoomlion and Country Garden have begun to enter smart farms. In addition, agricultural enterprises also take the initiative in the digital transformation. Traditional agricultural enterprises such as COFCO, Beidahuang, New Hope and Haisheng Fruit Industry vigorously develop smart planting, smart animal husbandry, smart fisheries and smart processing.

　　Since 2019, Zhejiang has taken the lead in building a "digital agricultural factory" in the country, and carried out systematic integration and comprehensive application of digital technology and equipment around the production environment, production process, quality and safety, circulation marketing and technical services. After several years of practice, in 2021, guidelines for the construction of digital agricultural factories, digital fishing grounds and pig farms were successively issued. Shui Mu Vegetable Factory in Deqing County integrates advanced technology into production management, product marketing, quality control, ecological protection and other links, achieving an annual output of 2 million kilograms of tomatoes, with an efficiency of 30 times that of traditional fields; Tongxiang Huateng Animal Husbandry uses technologies such as Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, bio-ear tags and blockchain to promote the digital transformation of animal husbandry and create a safer, more productive and fully automatic breeding environment, saving 80% labor and 60% water.

　　Zibo, Shandong Province took the lead in building a digital agricultural rural central city in China, focusing on five key tasks: agricultural production and processing, agricultural product warehousing and logistics, agricultural product marketing, integrated development of agriculture and tourism, and consolidating grassroots foundation, and building a smart sharing "cloud brain", an efficient and high-quality "cloud industry", a regional center "cloud market", a convenient and inclusive "cloud finance" and a new service "cloud village". In 2021, 4.54 billion yuan of major special funds for rural revitalization will be set up, and 40 key digital agriculture and rural projects will have an investment of 5.186 billion yuan, and 30 typical application scenarios and 10 smart towns will be built.

　　From a practical point of view, the development of smart agriculture in many places has achieved remarkable results and formed experience for reference. First of all, give full play to the role of market players, establish an effective market in full accordance with the laws of economic operation and information development, and stimulate the vitality of various market players. Secondly, we should play the role of a promising government, guide market expectations with policies, clarify the investment direction with planning, incite social capital with finance, and regulate market behavior with the rule of law. Finally, do a good job in pilot demonstration. Smart agriculture is an advanced form of agricultural informatization, which involves relatively advanced technology and has great market risks. On the basis of fully respecting farmers’ dominant position, we should show them, lead them to work and earn money, and inspire them to use modern information technology to develop production and improve their lives.　

Tik Tok’s more popular beauty singer, have you brushed it? Come and have a look. In no particular order.

First place, Little Seven.

In September 2019, Xiao Aqi’s first original song "Wave" was launched. In October 2019, singing in the streets of Guangzhou became popular with a song "The Girl Told Me", which gained a lot of popularity overnight and successfully gained 10 million fans.

She often shows roadshows and sends videos frequently, so she is a very hard-working girl.

I prefer to wear this kind of beggar’s pants, and I was joked by netizens that I was too poor to buy pants, saying that I would buy a good pair of pants for Xiao Aqi when I got paid.

What Xiao Aqi was criticized for was nothing more than his short head and high shoes. In fact, appearance is not important, but strength and heat are important.

No.2 Ayouyou

Ayouyou, because of the cover of the song "Acacia", quickly became popular on major online platforms.

Released the single "Boring" on September 30, 2019; On April 22, 2020, the single "An Old Dream" was released.

Ayouyou’s popularity is a cover of "A Song of Acacia" at the wedding. If nothing unexpected happens, it is the result of capital operation.

However, Ayou’s special voice impressed people once.

A long leg is also a feature, and there are often many comments like "this leg is really nice" in the comment area.

Third place Dai Yutong

On July 28, 2017, the single "Letter" was released. On October 9, 2019, the single "Gray Zone" was released; On November 27th, the single "Gorgeous Loneliness" was released. On July 14th, 2020, the single "I want to be nice to you" was released. In addition, she also participated in the recording of Hunan Satellite TV variety show "Sing Up".

Dai Yutong’s business operation is very successful and her appearance is fashionable and beautiful.

Dai Yutong is slim and has a unique voice, which is known as "the voice kissed by an angel".

Dai Yutong also has the reputation of "long-legged singer" and has thousands of fans.

No.4 fish sparkles

On January 16th, 2021, he participated in the YY 2020 annual grand ceremony of "Gathering Power", and sang live broadcasts such as "One Drunk", "Chicken Beeping", "Snowing Harbin", "Telling the Truth", "You are an April Day on Earth" and "My Good Brother" with Han Yale, Wen er, Tai Qing and Xiao Aqi.

On September 9, 2022, he participated in the meta-cosmic variety show "Super Music Collection".

On February 26th, 2023, he participated in YY2022 Peak Festival, and performed "Long Road with You" with Xinqiao Wushu Lion Dance Team in Fanyu District.

The fish is shiny and beautiful, with fair skin.

Fish sparkles and Xiao Qiqi cooperate to send a video.

Fish sparkle also has a pair of beautiful legs. In her comment area, someone always deliberately described her as Dai Yutong. Strangely, no one mentioned fish sparkle in Dai Yutong’s comment area.

Fish often wears a navel dress in sparkling videos, but because the navel is low and not often exposed, it is joked by fans that "Sparkling has no belly button".

No.5 fansisi

Representative works include In Fairy Tales, Appearance, Initial Heart, Snow and Ice City. Fansisi became popular on various platforms with its gentle voice and sweet voice.

With a good voice, Fansisi is famous in Tik Tok. Under the appearance of Japanese Lori, she has a natural royal elder sister voice, which is extremely explosive and stands out in online celebrity.

Most of the videos of Fansisi are cute and cute.

Fansisi covers many songs. Recently, the comment area has been talking about whether she has plastic surgery.

This is the thinking of rice from the perspective of passers-by, which is a little short. But cute.

No.6 Wang Yumeng

Wang Yumeng is a talented woman who combines beauty and talent. Her voice is gentle and beautiful, or very "soft and sweet". Her image is lovely and lovely, giving people a comfortable and clear feeling.

Wang Yumeng is good at singing styles of various voices, which can be sad, lyrical and cheerful. There is nothing too grandiose in her video, just quietly covering songs in front of the camera and conquering many netizens.

Wang Yumeng has a gentle voice and a lovely image.

Wang Yumeng is good at singing styles with multiple voices.

7 th wild pony

At the beginning of 2018, he joined Tik Tok for the first time and released his first Tik Tok; On June 28th, Wild Pony started his live broadcast in Tik Tok. On August 12 th, the cover song "I don’t understand more and more" made more netizens know the wild pony.

At present, there are many original songs and two solo concerts have been successfully held.

The appearance is pure and sweet, the skin is white and delicate, just like the flowers of nature, brilliant and dazzling, with elegant temperament, and singing is not ostentatious or grandiose.

The face value of the wild pony is also very good, and the casual dress with a white and flawless smile looks really cured, giving people a feeling of first love for a girl.

No.8 Tang Yi

On July 14, 2020, the single "Moth to the Fire" was released; On July 23, the single "Stab in the Heart" was released; On August 15th, the single "You Kill Me with Love" was released. On September 12th, the single "The Most Regretful Man" was released.

Tang Yi live broadcast room is very popular, full of singing atmosphere, singing and dancing songs.

Compared with other singers in online celebrity, she is older and criticized for singing by yelling. In fact, this is also a matter of opinion.

In the era of traffic, short videos and live broadcasts bring us more entertainment and choices, and also let us get to know singers at close range. These beautiful singers from online celebrity? Do you have anything you like? Welcome to leave a comment.